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2.
Acta Med Port ; 28(2): 222-32, 2015.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26061513

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to characterize the spontaneous reports of adverse events that were received by the Central Portugal Regional Pharmacovigilance Unit. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Spontaneous reports received between 01/2001 and 12/2013 were considered. The annual reporting ratios were estimated. The cases were characterized according to their seriousness, previous description, causality assessment, origin and professional group of the reporter, type of adverse event and pharmacotherapeutic groups of the suspected drugs most frequently reported. RESULTS: The Pharmacovigilance Unit received 2408 reports that contained 5749 adverse events. In 2013, the reporting rate was estimated at 171 reports per million inhabitants. Fifty-five percent of the reports were assessed as serious. Ninety percent of the cases were assessed as being at least possibly related with the suspected drug. The suspected drugs most frequently reported were anti-infectives for systemic use (n = 809, 33%). The most frequently reported adverse events were "Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders" (n = 1139, 20%). There were 154 (6.4%) reports resulting in life-threatening situations and/or death, and 88 (3.6%) containing at least one adverse event assessed as serious, unknown and certain or probable. DISCUSSION: The present results are in line with those found in other studies, namely the seriousness and type of the adverse events and the pharmacotherapeutic groups of the most frequently reported suspected drugs. CONCLUSION: In the last years, the Central Portugal Regional Pharmacovigilance Unit has registered a growth in the reporting rate in general, as well as an increase in the reporting of unknown and serious adverse drug reactions.


Introdução: Caracterizar as notificações espontâneas de eventos adversos a medicamentos recebidas pela Unidade de Farmacovigilância do Centro.Material e Métodos: Consideraram-se todas as notificações reportadas entre 01/2001 e 12/2013. Estimaram-se taxas de notificação anuais. Os casos foram caracterizados quanto à gravidade, conhecimento prévio, causalidade imputada, origem e grupo profissional do notificador, tipo de evento adverso e grupos farmacoterapêuticos onde se incluem os medicamentos suspeitos com maior prevalência de notificação.Resultados: A Unidade recebeu 2408 notificações, que continham 5749 eventos adversos. No ano de 2013 foi registada uma taxa de notificação de 171 notificações/milhão de habitantes. Do total de notificações, 55% foram classificadas como graves. Das notificações com causalidade imputada, 90% tinham uma relação pelo menos possível com o medicamento suspeito. Os medicamentos que originaram maior número de notificações foram os anti-infeciosos para uso sistémico (n = 809; 33%), e os eventos adversos mais frequentemente notificados foram as âÄúAfeções dos tecidos cutâneos e subcutâneosâÄù (n = 1139; 20%). Registaram-se 154 (6,4%) casos de risco de vida e/ou morte e 88 (3,6%) continham pelo menos um evento adverso classificado simultaneamente como grave, desconhecido e definitivo ou provável.Discussão: Os resultados deste estudo são consistentes com os de outros estudos, designadamente no que diz respeito à gravidade, aos grupos farmacoterapêuticos onde se incluem os medicamentos suspeitos e aos tipos de eventos adversos reportados.Conclusão: Ao longo do período avaliado, a UFC solidificou a sua atividade, tendo verificado um crescimento da taxa de notificação em geral e um aumento da notificação de reações adversas graves e desconhecidas.


Subject(s)
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems/statistics & numerical data , Pharmacovigilance , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Portugal , Young Adult
3.
Acta Med Port ; 26(4): 318-26, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24016639

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Today the limitation of therapeutic effort and the neonatal palliative care are extremely important and had been increasingly done by several countries. Nevertheless, in Portugal, studies and guidelines regarding end of life attitudes are still a shortage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed 49 files in a retrospective review of neonatal deaths between 2010 and 2012; the results were compared with those from a previous study made in the same NICU that included the neonatal deaths of 1992-1995 and 2002-2005. RESULTS: The results show that congenital anomalies were the cause of death for 57.1% newborns, extreme prematurity for 18.4% and 16.3% died with infection. Regarding to the mode of death, 57.1% of newborns died after cardiopulmonary resuscitation failure, 20.4% after withholding treatment and 22.4% of deaths followed therapy withdrawal. Differences were found between the three groups classified according to the 'mode of death', length of stay and parental presence during death. Therapeutic limitation practices and palliative care were reported in 28.6% of the files and a Do-Not-Resuscitate Order was included in 16.3%. The former two increased during the three periods analyzed. The use of a neonatal pain scale, opioids and sedatives administration, parental presence during death, clinical meetings with neonatologists, interdisciplinary meetings and psychological support for parents also increased. CONCLUSION: This study shows a trend towards an increase in therapeutic limitation practices and palliative care in this NICU in the last three decades. However, there is still a lot to do regarding the clinical research, medical education and ethical discussion.


Introdução: A limitação terapêutica e a implementação dos cuidados paliativos em Neonatologia revestem-se de extrema relevância na atualidade e são já uma realidade com tendência crescente em vários países. Não obstante, em Portugal, os estudos, recomendações e protocolos oficiais no que diz respeito às questões em fim de vida são ainda escassos.Material e Métodos: Analisamos retrospetivamente os processos clínicos dos recém-nascidos falecidos na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos do Centro Hospitalar de São João no período de 2010 a 2012 e comparamos os resultados com os obtidos num estudo realizado na mesma Unidade correspondente aos períodos 1992-1995 e 2002-2005.Resultados: Na população estudada as anomalias congénitas foram a causa de morte em 57,1% casos, a prematuridade extrema em 18,4% casos e a infeção em 16,3%. No que refere ao 'modo de morrer', a paragem cardiorrespiratória irreversível às manobras de reanimação observou-se em 57,1% casos; 20,4% faleceram após abstenção de tratamento e 22,4% após suspensão de tratamento. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas para o 'modo de morrer' e as variáveis tempo de internamento e presença dos pais no momento da morte. Em 28,6% casos houve registo de tomada de decisão pela limitação terapêutica e adoção de cuidados paliativos e em 16,3% decisão de não reanimar. Para as duas últimas registou-se um aumento ao longo das três décadas analisadas. Também se registou uma tendência crescente para a utilização de escala de avaliação de dor neonatal, opióides e sedativos, presença parental no momento da morte, reuniões entre pais e neonatologistas, reuniões interdisciplinares e apoio psicológico aos pais.Conclusão: Este estudo revela uma tendência crescente para a integração de medidas de limitação terapêutica e de cuidados paliativos na UCIN estudada. Contudo, há ainda muito a desenvolver, nomeadamente no que refere à investigação, formação dos profissionais e debate ético.


Subject(s)
Neonatology , Palliative Care/organization & administration , Terminal Care/organization & administration , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Retrospective Studies
4.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med ; 24(5): 760-3, 2011 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20945996

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To characterize mortality in a tertiary referral Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Portugal and evaluate the concordance between ante-mortem and post-mortem diagnoses. METHODS: Retrospective review of the clinical and pathological records of infants who died in five consecutive years was done. Pathological findings and clinical diagnoses were compared and classified according to general concordance and to modified Goldman classification. RESULTS: During the referred period, 1938 patients were admitted to the NICU, with a mortality rate of 5.7% (110 patients). The median of age at death was 10.5 days and the most frequent causes of death were congenital malformations and prematurity with its complications. Autopsy was performed in 53 patients resulting in a 48.2% overall autopsy rate. There was complete agreement between pathological and clinical diagnoses in 18 cases (34%) and additional findings were identified in 22 cases; in 13 cases (24.5%), the diagnosis was revised or established by pathology. Five autopsies revealed information relevant for genetic counseling. CONCLUSION: Despite the high agreement rate between clinical and pathological diagnoses, autopsy frequently added important data, including several cases in which it established the diagnosis or provided information relevant for parental counseling regarding future pregnancies.


Subject(s)
Autopsy , Cause of Death , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Diagnosis , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Infant Mortality , Portugal/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies
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