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1.
Acta Cardiol ; 64(1): 41-5, 2009 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19317296

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Kidney dysfunction is a common complication after cardiac surgery. It occurs in 7 to 31% of the patients. The lowest haematocrit after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (LHCT) has been identified as a risk factor for kidney dysfunction after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study is to determine whether different levels of haematocrit during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery are related to kidney dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS: A prospective study was conducted on consecutive adult patients undergoing myocardial revascularization. Preoperative renal function was assessed by baseline serum creatinine level (CrPre). Peak postoperative creatinine (CrPost) was defined as the highest daily in-hospital postoperative value. Peak fractional change in creatinine (% deltaCr) was defined as the difference between the CrPre and CrePost represented as a percentage of the preoperative value. The LHTC was defined as the lowest recorded haematocrit prior to weaning from the initial pump run. A category variable was created for haematocrit based on the distribution of values. The category variable had the following cut-off points: less than 23%, 23.1 to 28% and greater than 28.1%. Lowest haematocrit (26.62 +/- 4.15%), CPB (74.71 +/- 24.90 min), CrPre (1.23 +/- 0.37 mg/dl) and highest CrPost (1.52 +/- 0.47 mg/dl) data varied in near-normal fashion. Statistical significance has been observed in the < 23% lowest haematocrit group (Cr IPOD and Cr5POD; P = 0.006) and the 23.1-28% lowest haematocrit level group (CrPre and Cr2POD; P = 0.047). CrPre and Cr5POD did not differ between groups (P > 0.05). The multiple linear regression model confirmed that the determinants for higher % deltaCr were age, body surface area and preoperative serum creatinine level. CONCLUSION: The LHTC was not identified as a risk factor for kidney dysfunction after myocardial revascularization.


Subject(s)
Cardiopulmonary Bypass/adverse effects , Creatine/blood , Hematocrit , Kidney Diseases/etiology , Female , Humans , Kidney Diseases/blood , Linear Models , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
2.
J. bras. nefrol ; 29(4): 258-263, out.-dez. 2007.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-638377

ABSTRACT

A insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca é causa de maior morbidade e mortalidade. A disfunção renal caracterizada peloaumento da creatinina sérica determina maior número de complicações operatórias e diminuição da sobrevida. Fatores de risco genéticos no pré-operatórioforam determinados, contudo a influência dos fatores de risco intra-operatórios, a circulação extracorpórea e suas variáveis também devem serconsideradas. A cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio sem circulação extracorpórea tem sido utilizada por diminuir a morbidade. Os fatoresrelacionados à circulação extracorpórea devem ser monitorados no intra-operatório para diminuir o risco de IRA em cirurgia cardíaca. O objetivo destarevisão é avaliar os diferentes fatores de risco para desenvolver IRA no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, com enfâse naqueles relacionados à circulaçãoextracorpórea.


Acute renal failure after cardiovascular surgery is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. An increase in serum creatinine is related to kidney dysfunctionwhich determines augmentation of post operative complications and affects long term-survival. Genetic and pre-operative risk factors have been identified,however, cardiopulmonary bypass and its variables might be considered. Myocardial revascularization without cardiopulmonary bypass is being used toattenuate morbidity. Variables related to cardiopulmonary bypass are easily monitored in the operating room and might be treated to attenuate kidneydysfunction. The objective of this review is to evaluate risk factors, especially those related to cardiopulmonary bypass.


Subject(s)
Humans , Extracorporeal Circulation , Acute Kidney Injury/complications , Acute Kidney Injury/mortality , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Myocardial Revascularization
3.
Head Neck ; 28(2): 135-41, 2006 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16240324

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Total pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy and gastric transposition (TPLEGT) for pharyngoesophageal (PE) tumors may require thyroidectomy (with or without removal of the parathyroid glands) to obtain adequate margins around the tumor. As a result, a considerable number of patients may have hypoparathyroidism (HP) develop. The objective of this article is to report our experience with different types of thyroidectomy and to describe the relationship of thyroidectomy to HP in TPLETG. These results are compared with data in the literature. METHODS: From 1985 to 2001, 40 patients underwent TPLEGT, with main index tumors in the esophagus (n = 17), hypopharynx (n = 17), and larynx (n = 6). All patients had advanced cTNM or pTNM stages (III or IV). Postoperative HP was diagnosed based primarily on the symptoms and calcium and phosphorus analysis but not on parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. RESULTS: Total thyroidectomy (TT) was done in 12 (30%) patients and 11 (91.6%) had permanent HP develop. In none of these patients was the parathyroid separated and implanted (fear of a tumor implant). Partial thyroidectomy (PT) (lobectomy and isthmus) was done in 25 (62.5%) patients, and permanent HP occurred in 11 (44%) patients. The thyroid was preserved in three patients, and none had HP develop. Of the 40 patients, 13 (32.5%) had no HP, five (12.5%) had temporary HP, and 22 (55%) had permanent HP. There was a correlation between the type of thyroidectomy, location of primary tumors, and development of HP. Only seven reports in the past 30 years have dealt with TPLEGT, thyroidectomy, and HP. HP occurred in 32.5% of the cases of TT and in 19.5% of the cases of PT. CONCLUSIONS: Permanent HP was very frequent (55%) in our series. In patients who underwent TPLEGT, HP was almost certain when TT was done (91.6%). PT was no guarantee that HP would not occur (44% permanent HP). The frequency of permanent HP based on primary index tumors was 47%, 59%, and 66.6% for esophageal, hypopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancer, respectively.


Subject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Hypoparathyroidism/prevention & control , Pharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Thyroidectomy , Adult , Aged , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hypoparathyroidism/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Survival Analysis , Thyroidectomy/methods
4.
Arq. ciênc. saúde ; 12(2)abr.-jun. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-431144

ABSTRACT

A adriamicina (ADR) encontra-se entre os mais importantes agentes antitumorais utilizados na prática oncológica, desempenhando importante papel no tratamento de diversas neoplasias humanas e animais. Seu valor clínico, porém, torna-se limitado diante de seu potencial cardiotóxico dose-dependente capaz de levar à insuficiência cardíaca congestiva irreversível. Por este motivo, estudos experimentais têm sido desenvolvidos em animais com o objetivo de minimizar tais efeitos por meio do melhor entendimento de seus mecanismos de ação, os quais constituem a chave para o estabelecimento de terapias coadjuvantes preventivas da doença cardíaca. Além disso, a adriamicina também tem sido utilizada em animais experimentais na obtenção de modelos de insuficiência cardíaca e cardiomiopatia dilatada, constituindo meio importante de indução e permitindo estudos fisiopatológicos detalhados de tais alterações. Métodos de monitoração de pacientes são fundamentais para a atenuação das graves complicações inerentes ao tratamento com adriamicina, por meio da associação de drogas cardioprotetoras e da adequação do tratamento de acordo com o risco do paciente em desenvolver sintomas de cardiotoxicidade, durante o tratamento. Nesta revisão, são mencionados conceitos básicos sobre a utilização da adriamicina bem como recentes estudos a respeito de seu mecanismo de ação e modulação, em modelos experimentais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dogs , Mice , Rabbits , Rats , Cardiomyopathies/chemically induced , Doxorubicin
5.
J Pediatr (Rio J) ; 81(2): 175-8, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15858681

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To report on the use of sildenafil for pulmonary hypertension treatment of a newborn patient after cardiac surgery. DESCRIPTION: A female, full term newborn infant with diagnosis of double outlet right ventricle, pulmonary hypoplasia and subaortic ventricular septal defect, was submitted to Blalock surgery in the first week of life. In postoperative the newborn had pulmonary hypertension and persistent hypoxia, without response to nitric oxide, but with improved oxygenation after continuous intravenous infusion of prostaglandin E1. After several failed attempts to discontinue prostaglandin E1, oral sildenafil was used. There was a decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance with consequent oxygenation improvement and 48 hours later it was possible to discontinue prostaglandin E1 infusion. COMMENTS: Sildenafil can be an alternative therapy for pulmonary hypertension, especially when there is no response to conventional therapy.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Postoperative Period , Purines , Sildenafil Citrate , Sulfones
6.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 81(2): 175-178, mar.-abr. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-406514

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Relatar o uso do Sildenafil no tratamento da hipertensão pulmonar em recém-nascido após cirurgia cardíaca. DESCRIÇAO: Recém-nascido de termo, feminino, com diagnóstico de dupla via de saída de ventrículo direito, hipoplasia de pulmonar e comunicação interventricular subaórtica, foi submetido à cirurgia de Blalock na primeira semana de vida. No pós-operatório, evoluiu com hipertensão pulmonar e hipoxemia persistente, não-responsiva ao óxido nítrico, porém com melhora da oxigenação após infusão endovenosa contínua de prostaglandina E1. Depois de várias tentativas malsucedidas de retirada da prostaglandina E1, optou-se pela introdução do Sildenafil via oral. Houve queda da resistência vascular pulmonar, com conseqüente melhora na oxigenação e, 48 horas após, foi possível suspender a infusão de prostaglandina E1. COMENTARIOS: O Sildenafil pode ser alternativa terapêutica na hipertensão pulmonar, especialmente quando não houver resposta à terapia convencional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Postoperative Period
7.
Ear Nose Throat J ; 84(12): 794-5, 799, 2005 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16408562

ABSTRACT

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is a malignant neoplasm of low aggressiveness that occurs almost exclusively in the minor salivary glands, primarily those in the palate. We report a case of PLGA that arose in the base of the tongue and subsequently metastasized to the neck. The tumor was resected through the oral cavity with wide margins and dissection. The neck metastasis was treated with radical neck dissection and radiotherapy. The patient recovered and remained disease-free at follow-up 30 months later. This case shows that PLGA, which has a variable morphologic appearance, can occur at sites other than the salivary glands.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Tongue Neoplasms/pathology , Aged , Humans , Male
8.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 19(3): 309-313, jul.-set. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-416946

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos na função ventricular esquerda do uso precoce e tardio de dopamina, em modelo experimental de coração isolado. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 60 coelhos em modelo de coração isolado mantido por animal suporte. Um balão intraventricular foi locado no ventrículo esquerdo. Três grupos foram constituídos: grupo controle (GC); grupo que recebeu dopamina precoce (Dopa P) e grupo que recebeu dopamina tardia (após 20 minutos) (Dopa T). Foram realizadas leituras hemodinâmicas diretas e indiretas. RESULTADOS: Fluxo sangüíneo coronariano: GC(7,196 mais ou menos 1,275ml/min); Dopa P (9,477 mais ou menos 1,160ml/min); Dopa T (14,316 mais ou menos 2,308ml/min), com GC=Dopa P, GC Dopa T e Dopa P Dopa T. Primeira derivada temporal da pressão intraventricular (dp/dt+): GC (719,61 mais ou menos 127,53ml/min); Dopa P (719,61 mais ou menos 127,53ml/min); Dopa T (1431,60 mais ou menos 230,87ml/min), p<0,05, Dopa P Dopa T, GC=Dopa P e GC Dopa T. Primeira derivada temporal da pressão intraventricular negativa (dp/dt-): GC (469,85 mais ou menos 107,16mmHg/s); Dopa P (716,07 mais ou menos 215,66mmHg/s); Dopa T (931,24 mais ou menos 181,46mmHg/s), p<0,05, Dopa P Dopa T GC. Delta V: GC (1,355 mais ou menos 0,2432ml); Dopa P (0,97 mais ou menos 0,3199ml); Dopa T (1,27 mais ou menos 0,2983ml), p>0,05, Dopa P=Dopa T=GC. Estresse sistólico desenvolvido: GC (27,273 ± 10,276g/cm²); Dopa P (55,219 ± 24,625g/cm²); Dopa T (79,152 ± 12,166g/cm²), Dopa P=Dopa T, Dopa P=GC e GC Dopa T.Dialdeído Malônico (MDA): GC (4,5 mais ou menos 0,527mmol/L); Dopa P (4,7 ± 1,16mmol/L); Dopa T (4,1 mais ou menos 0,7379mmol/L), p>0,05, Dopa P=Dopa T=GC. CONCLUSÕES: Concluiu-se que, no modelo experimental delineado, o uso precoce da dopamina foi deletério, segundo algumas variáveis hemodinâmicas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Myocardial Ischemia , Animal Experimentation , Dopamine/administration & dosage , Ventricular Function
9.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 19(2): 152-156, abr.-jun. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-383651

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar, comparativamente, a obtenção minimamente invasiva com o uso do MINI-HARVEST® e com instrumental tradicional adaptado. MÉTODO: De junho de 1996 a janeiro de 1999, 63 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio tiveram suas veias safenas retiradas segundo técnica minimamente invasiva. Nos 30 primeiros pacientes da série utilizou-se método de visão direta com auxílio de dois afastadores de Langenbeck, e nos 33 restantes utilizou-se o MINI-HARVEST®. RESULTADOS: A idade média dos pacientes era de 61 ± 8,75 anos, sendo 52 homens e 11 mulheres. Quarenta e cinco pacientes eram diabéticos, 45 apresentavam sobrepeso/obesidade, 25 eram tabagistas ativos, 32 apresentavam história pregressa de infarto do miocárdio. O tempo médio de retirada da veia safena com afastadores Langenbeck foi de 34,2 ± 8,14 minutos e com o MINI-HARVEST® de 39,20 ± 9,12 minutos. A extensão de veia retirada foi similar nos dois grupos, variando de 10 a 30 cm. Houve uma deiscência superficial no grupo com afastadores de Langenbeck. Houve necessidade de reversão para método tradicional de retirada em dois casos do grupo MINI-HARVEST® e um do grupo Langenbeck. A incidência de infarto transoperatório foi 4,5 por cento (três) no grupo Langenbeck e 3,1 por cento(dois) no grupo MINI-HARVEST®. CONCLUSÕES: Podemos concluir que o método de obtenção de veia safena minimamente invasivo sob visão direta é efetivo e seguro, tanto com o uso de instrumentos tradicionais adaptados para este fim, como com afastadores especialmente constituídos, ressaltando-se que o MINI-HARVEST® dispensa a presença de um auxiliar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Saphenous Vein/transplantation , Myocardial Revascularization , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/instrumentation
10.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 37(2): 107-13, abr.-jun. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-279424

ABSTRACT

Head and neck cancer has a high incidence in Brazil, with cancer of the oral cavity being one of the five most common cancers among Brazilians. Alcohol and tobacco consumption may contribute to synchronous or metachronous head and neck cancer and esophageal cancer. A prospective study involving 60 patients with head and neck cancer was carried out at the State University of Campinas--UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil to screen for superficial esophageal cancer and dysplasia using endoscopy and a 2 per cent lugol dye solution followed by biopsy of the suspicious areas. Five patients (8.3 per cent) had superficial esophageal cancer, which was diagnosed as intraepithelial carcinoma in three of them (5.0 per cent). In four patients, the superficial esophageal cancer was synchronous and in one it was metachronous to head and neck cancer. Five patients (8.3 per cent) had dysplasias in the esophageal epithelium (three were classified as mild and two as moderate). These results demonstrate the value of endoscopic screening of the esophagus using lugol dye in patients with head and neck cancer, particularly since superficial esophageal cancer is extremely difficult to detect by conventional methods in asymptomatic patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/complications , Esophagoscopy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Second Primary/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/complications , Coloring Agents , Esophageal Diseases/pathology , Esophageal Neoplasms/complications , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Prospective Studies , Neoplasms, Second Primary/complications , Sensitivity and Specificity , Staining and Labeling
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