Bishop Flap and Sigma Flap to Repair Surgical Defects in High-Tension Anatomical Regions. / Colgajo obispo y colgajo sigma para defectos quirúrgicos en zonas anatómicas de elevada tensión.

BACKGROUND: The reconstruction of surgical defects in high-tension anatomical regions is challenging due to the ischemia and subsequent necrosis associated with tension closure. Research on new flaps capable of closing these defects exerting less tension would be a tremendous advancement in dermatological surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study that used 2 new flaps-the bishop and the sigma ones-to repair surgical defects in high-tension regions such as the scalp, lower extremities, and the nasal pyramid. The bishop flap was used in 9 patients, 5 of whom exhibited their lesion in the nasal pyramid, 2 in the legs and another 2 in the scalp. The sigma flap was used in 6 patients, 5 of whom exhibited scalp lesions and 1 leg lesion. RESULTS: Uneventful and excellent results were obtained in all 15 patients due to infection, dehiscence, or necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Both the bishop and the sigma flaps are a good alternative to repair surgical defects in high-tension regions such as the scalp, lower extremities, or the nasal pyramid.

Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes diagnosticados de escabiosis en España: oportunidades de mejora. Estudio transversal multicéntrico CLINI-AEDV / Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Being Treated for Scabies in Spain: Opportunities for Improvement — A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CLINI-AEDV Study

Antecedentes Diversos trabajos apoyan la hipótesis de que en España se está produciendo un aumento de incidencia de la escabiosis, y existen dudas sobre el posible desarrollo de resistencias y el incremento de formas clínicas atípicas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron caracterizar el perfil demográfico y clínico de los pacientes de escabiosis atendidos por dermatólogos en España, identificar la posible aparición de escabiosis atípicas, así como describir la frecuencia y los posibles factores de riesgo de los fracasos terapéuticos previos. Métodos Realizamos un estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico con recogida de datos prospectiva, en abril y mayo de 2023 dentro de la plataforma CLINI-AEDVp de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología. Resultados Se reclutaron 186 casos de escabiosis activa (51% mujeres) en 31 centros participantes de 15 comunidades autónomas. Se requirió un nivel A, B o C de los criterios de consenso de la International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) para el diagnóstico. El 92% de los pacientes presentaron formas clínicas típicas de escabiosis y un 66% había recibido tratamiento escabicida previo para el episodio en curso. De los pacientes previamente tratados, solo un 36% había recibido y cumplimentado una pauta terapéutica adecuada que incluyera el tratamiento simultáneo de convivientes, y un 50% careció de un documento escrito y claro con las recomendaciones. Conclusiones Una elevada proporción de los casos de escabiosis atendidos actualmente ha recibido tratamiento previo. En estos se observan defectos corregibles que pueden justificar parte de los fracasos terapéuticos. Trabajar en la mejora de las deficiencias encontradas ayudará a un mejor control de la enfermedad y a evaluar la efectividad actual de los escabicidas disponibles (AU)

Background Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors. Methods We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). Results Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had typical scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations. Conclusions In a high proportion of the cases of scabies studied, the patient had already received treatment. In those cases, we observed several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments had failed. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides (AU)

[Translated article] Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Being Treated for Scabies in Spain: Opportunities for Improvement — A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CLINI-AEDV Study / Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes diagnosticados de escabiosis en España: oportunidades de mejora. Estudio transversal multicéntrico CLINI-AEDV

Background Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors. Methods We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). Results Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had typical scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations. Conclusions In a high proportion of the cases of scabies studied, the patient had already received treatment. In those cases, we observed several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments had failed. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides (AU)

Antecedentes Diversos trabajos apoyan la hipótesis de que en España se está produciendo un aumento de incidencia de la escabiosis, y existen dudas sobre el posible desarrollo de resistencias y el incremento de formas clínicas atípicas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron caracterizar el perfil demográfico y clínico de los pacientes de escabiosis atendidos por dermatólogos en España, identificar la posible aparición de escabiosis atípicas, así como describir la frecuencia y los posibles factores de riesgo de los fracasos terapéuticos previos. Métodos Realizamos un estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico con recogida de datos prospectiva, en abril y mayo de 2023 dentro de la plataforma CLINI-AEDVp de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología. Resultados Se reclutaron 186 casos de escabiosis activa (51% mujeres) en 31 centros participantes de 15 comunidades autónomas. Se requirió un nivel A, B o C de los criterios de consenso de la International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) para el diagnóstico. El 92% de los pacientes presentaron formas clínicas típicas de escabiosis y un 66% había recibido tratamiento escabicida previo para el episodio en curso. De los pacientes previamente tratados, solo un 36% había recibido y cumplimentado una pauta terapéutica adecuada que incluyera el tratamiento simultáneo de convivientes, y un 50% careció de un documento escrito y claro con las recomendaciones. Conclusiones Una elevada proporción de los casos de escabiosis atendidos actualmente ha recibido tratamiento previo. En estos se observan defectos corregibles que pueden justificar parte de los fracasos terapéuticos. Trabajar en la mejora de las deficiencias encontradas ayudará a un mejor control de la enfermedad y a evaluar la efectividad actual de los escabicidas disponibles (AU)

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Being Treated for Scabies in Spain: Opportunities for Improvement - A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CLINI-AEDV Study. / Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes diagnosticados de escabiosis en España: oportunidades de mejora. Estudio transversal multicéntrico CLINI-AEDV.

BACKGROUND: Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors. METHODS: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). RESULTS: Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had typical scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: In a high proportion of the cases of scabies studied, the patient had already received treatment. In those cases, we observed several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments had failed. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides.

[Translated article] Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Being Treated for Scabies in Spain: Opportunities for Improvement - A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CLINI-AEDV Study.

BACKGROUND: Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors. METHODS: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). RESULTS: Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had clinical features of classic scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: In a high proportion of scabies cases, the patient has already received treatment. In those cases, we observe several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments fail. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides.

Sonidegib as a Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma Therapy in Real-life Clinical Setting: A National Multicentre Study / Sonidegib para el tratamiento del carcinoma basocelular avanzado en práctica clínica real: estudio nacional multicéntrico

Background Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cancer. A minority of BCCs have an aggressive behaviour (laBCC) and may require hedgehog pathway inhibitors such as sonidegib as its treatment. Objective To describe the use of sonidegib in a large number of patients and provide more data on its real-life efficacy and safety profile. Methods We conducted a retrospective and multicentric study that included patients treated with sonidegib. Epidemiological, effectiveness and safety data were collected. Results A total of 82 patients with a mean age of 73.9 years were included. Ten patients had Gorlin syndrome. Median treatment duration was 6 months. Median follow-up duration was 34.2 months. Globally, 81.7% of the patients showed clinical improvement (52.4% partial response and 29.3% complete response), 12.2% clinical stability and 6.1% disease progression. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical improvement between the 24h and 48h sonidegib posology. After 6 months of treatment, 48.8% of the patients discontinued sonidegib. Prior vismodegib treatment and recurrent primary BCC were associated with a poorer response to sonidegib. At 6 months of treatment, 68.3% of the patients experienced at least one adverse effect. Conclusion Sonidegib shows good effectiveness and acceptable safety profile in usual clinical practice (AU)

Antecedentes El carcinoma de células basales (CBC) es el cáncer más prevalente. Una minoría de CBC tiene un comportamiento agresivo (laBCC) y puede requerir inhibidores de la vía del erizo, como sonidegib como tratamiento. Objetivo Describir el uso de sonidegib en un gran número de pacientes y aportar más datos sobre su perfil de eficacia y seguridad en la vida real. Métodos Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo y multicéntrico que incluyó pacientes tratados con sonidegib. Se recogieron datos epidemiológicos, de eficacia y de seguridad. Resultados Se incluyeron un total de 82 pacientes con una edad media de 73,9 años. Diez pacientes tenían síndrome de Gorlin. La mediana de duración del tratamiento fue de 6 meses. La mediana de duración del seguimiento fue de 34,2 meses. Globalmente, el 81,7% de los pacientes mostró mejoría clínica (52,4% respuesta parcial y 29,3% respuesta completa), el 12,2% estabilidad clínica y el 6,1% progresión de la enfermedad. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la mejoría clínica entre la posología de sonidegib de 24horas y de 48horas. Después de 6 meses de tratamiento, el 48,8% de los pacientes suspendió sonidegib. El tratamiento previo con vismodegib y el CBC primario recurrente se asociaron con una peor respuesta a sonidegib. A los 6 meses de tratamiento el 68,3% de los pacientes experimentó al menos un efecto adverso. Conclusión Sonidegib muestra un perfil de eficacia y seguridad mejor de lo esperado en la práctica clínica habitual (AU)

[Artículo traducido] Sonidegib para el tratamiento del carcinoma basocelular avanzado en práctica clínica real: estudio nacional multicéntrico / Sonidegib as a Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma Therapy in Real-life Clinical Setting: A National Multicentre Study

Antecedentes El carcinoma de células basales (CBC) es el cáncer más prevalente. Una minoría de CBC tiene un comportamiento agresivo (laBCC) y puede requerir inhibidores de la vía del erizo, como sonidegib como tratamiento. Objetivo Describir el uso de sonidegib en un gran número de pacientes y aportar más datos sobre su perfil de eficacia y seguridad en la vida real. Métodos Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo y multicéntrico que incluyó pacientes tratados con sonidegib. Se recogieron datos epidemiológicos, de eficacia y de seguridad. Resultados Se incluyeron un total de 82 pacientes con una edad media de 73,9 años. Diez pacientes tenían síndrome de Gorlin. La mediana de duración del tratamiento fue de 6 meses. La mediana de duración del seguimiento fue de 34,2 meses. Globalmente, el 81,7% de los pacientes mostró mejoría clínica (52,4% respuesta parcial y 29,3% respuesta completa), el 12,2% estabilidad clínica y el 6,1% progresión de la enfermedad. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la mejoría clínica entre la posología de sonidegib de 24horas y de 48horas. Después de 6 meses de tratamiento, el 48,8% de los pacientes suspendió sonidegib. El tratamiento previo con vismodegib y el CBC primario recurrente se asociaron con una peor respuesta a sonidegib. A los 6 meses de tratamiento el 68,3% de los pacientes experimentó al menos un efecto adverso. Conclusión Sonidegib muestra un perfil de eficacia y seguridad mejor de lo esperado en la práctica clínica habitual (AU)

Background Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cancer. A minority of BCCs have an aggressive behaviour (laBCC) and may require hedgehog pathway inhibitors such as sonidegib as its treatment. Objective To describe the use of sonidegib in a large number of patients and provide more data on its real-life efficacy and safety profile. Methods We conducted a retrospective and multicentric study that included patients treated with sonidegib. Epidemiological, effectiveness and safety data were collected. Results A total of 82 patients with a mean age of 73.9 years were included. Ten patients had Gorlin syndrome. Median treatment duration was 6 months. Median follow-up duration was 34.2 months. Globally, 81.7% of the patients showed clinical improvement (52.4% partial response and 29.3% complete response), 12.2% clinical stability and 6.1% disease progression. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical improvement between the 24h and 48h sonidegib posology. After 6 months of treatment, 48.8% of the patients discontinued sonidegib. Prior vismodegib treatment and recurrent primary BCC were associated with a poorer response to sonidegib. At 6 months of treatment, 68.3% of the patients experienced at least one adverse effect. Conclusion Sonidegib shows good effectiveness and acceptable safety profile in usual clinical practice (AU)

Sonidegib as a Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma Therapy in Real-life Clinical Setting: A National Multicentre Study. / [Artículo traducido] Sonidegib para el tratamiento del carcinoma basocelular avanzado en práctica clínica real: estudio nacional multicéntrico.

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cancer. A minority of BCCs have an aggressive behaviour (laBCC) and may require hedgehog pathway inhibitors such as sonidegib as its treatment. OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of sonidegib in a large number of patients and provide more data on its real-life efficacy and safety profile. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective and multicentric study that included patients treated with sonidegib. Epidemiological, effectiveness and safety data were collected. RESULTS: A total of 82 patients with a mean age of 73.9 years were included. Ten patients had Gorlin syndrome. Median treatment duration was 6 months. Median follow-up duration was 34.2 months. Globally, 81.7% of the patients showed clinical improvement (52.4% partial response and 29.3% complete response), 12.2% clinical stability and 6.1% disease progression. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical improvement between the 24 h and 48 h sonidegib posology. After 6 months of treatment, 48.8% of the patients discontinued sonidegib. Prior vismodegib treatment and recurrent primary BCC were associated with a poorer response to sonidegib. At 6 months of treatment, 68.3% of the patients experienced at least one adverse effect. CONCLUSION: Sonidegib shows good effectiveness and acceptable safety profile in usual clinical practice.

Sonidegib as a Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma Therapy in Real-life Clinical Setting: A National Multicentre Study.

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cancer. A minority of BCCs have an aggressive behaviour (laBCC) and may require hedgehog pathway inhibitors such as sonidegib as its treatment. OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of sonidegib in a large number of patients and provide more data on its real-life efficacy and safety profile. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective and multicentric study that included patients treated with sonidegib. Epidemiological, effectiveness and safety data were collected. RESULTS: A total of 82 patients with a mean age of 73.9 years were included. Ten patients had Gorlin syndrome. Median treatment duration was 6 months. Median follow-up duration was 34.2 months. Globally, 81.7% of the patients showed clinical improvement (52.4% partial response and 29.3% complete response), 12.2% clinical stability and 6.1% disease progression. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical improvement between the 24h and 48h sonidegib posology. After 6 months of treatment, 48.8% of the patients discontinued sonidegib. Prior vismodegib treatment and recurrent primary BCC were associated with a poorer response to sonidegib. At 6 months of treatment, 68.3% of the patients experienced at least one adverse effect. CONCLUSION: Sonidegib shows good effectiveness and acceptable safety profile in usual clinical practice.

Clinicopathological features, MCPyV status and outcomes of Merkel cell carcinoma in solid-organ transplant recipients: a retrospective, multicentre cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The proportion of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) in solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTR) harbouring Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is unknown, as are factors affecting their outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To describe clinicopathological features of MCC in SOTR, investigate the tumoral MCPyV-status and identify factors associated with tumour outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective, international, cohort-study. MCPyV-status was investigated by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: A total of 30 SOTR and 44 consecutive immunocompetent patients with MCC were enrolled. SOTR were younger at diagnosis (69 vs. 78 years, P < 0.001). Thirty-three percent of SOTR MCCs were MCPyV-positive vs. 91% of immunocompetent MCCs (P = 0.001). Solid-organ transplantation was associated with an increased cumulative incidence of progression (SHR: 3.35 [1.57-7.14], P = 0.002), MCC-specific mortality (SHR: 2.55 [1.07-6.06], P = 0.034) and overall mortality (HR: 3.26 [1.54-6.9], P = 0.002). MCPyV-positivity and switching to an mTOR inhibitor (mTORi) after MCC diagnosis were associated with an increased incidence of progression (SHR: 4.3 [1.5-13], P = 0.008 and SHR: 3.6 [1.1-12], P = 0.032 respectively) in SOTR. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective design and heterogeneity of SOTR cohort. CONCLUSIONS: MCPyV appears to play a less prominent role in the aetiopathogenesis of MCC in SOTR. SOTR have a worse prognosis than their immunocompetent counterparts and switching to an mTORi after the diagnosis of MCC does not improve progression.

La entrevista motivacional en dermatología / Motivational interviewing in dermatology

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Use of biological treatments in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.

INTRODUCTION: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disease which causes a great impact in the quality of life. Multiple therapeutic options have been proposed, and recently the potential use of biological drugs in severe cases has been postulated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study from seven tertiary Spanish centers reviewing the charts of patients with HS treated with biological drugs was performed. Retrieved information included epidemiological data, clinical features, pain intensity, Hurley stage, laboratory data and therapeutic outcomes. RESULTS: Nineteen patients were included in the study; 10 men (52.6%) and 9 women. Eight patients (42%) showed a Hurley severity stage II and 11 a stage III (57.8%). Adalimumab was prescribed as the first biological treatment in nine out of 19 cases (47.3%), whereas infliximab was prescribed in seven cases (36.8%), ustekinumab in two cases (10.5%) and etanercept in one (5.2%). A complete response was observed in three patients (two cases with infliximab and one case with ustekinumab), a partial improvement in 10 patients and in six patients no clinical improvement was noted. One patient referred worsening of the skin symptoms. In 6 cases, a second biological treatment was prescribed. In three of such cases, a partial improvement was noted, whereas in three cases no clinical improvement was observed. In two cases a switch to a third biological drug was indicated, with a partial improvement in one case. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Biological drugs could be a potential and effective therapeutic option for patients with severe HS. Complete and persistent clinical responses are rarely obtained (15%) and partial responses are achieved in approximately 50% of patients. No specific markers for a therapeutic response have been identified. No definitive conclusions regarding the most effective biological drug for HS could be drawn. Higher dosage schedules seem to be associated with higher response rates. The lack of response of one particular drug does not preclude a potential efficacy to another biological treatment.

Human beta papillomavirus DNA study in primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas and their corresponding metastases.

The association between beta human papillomavirus (HPV) types and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) is controversial. Several studies have found such an association, especially at early stages of carcinogenesis, but the presence of beta HPV types in aggressive cSCCs has only been reported in three patients previously. We aimed to search for beta HPV DNA in primary cSCCs and their corresponding lymph node metastases in a series of patients. The presence of DNA from 25 beta HPV types was determined using a multiplex PCR protocol in 35 primary cSCCs from 35 patients and their corresponding lymph node metastases. DNA from beta HPV types was detected in 9 % of primary cSCCs and in 13 % of metastases. No primary cutaneous SCC or lymphatic metastases were found to share the same HPV DNA. These data suggest that beta HPV types do not play an etiopathogenic role in advanced stages of squamous cell carcinogenesis.

Evaluation of MYC status in oral lichen planus in patients with progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus (OLP) to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is controversial. C-MYC is a proto-oncogene involved in various solid tumours, including OSCC. OBJECTIVES: To determine MYC status using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in OLP lesions from 10 patients with progression to OSCC (group I) and to compare this with OLP lesions from patients without progression to OSCC (group II). METHODS: We constructed two tissue microarrays with 11 OSCC samples (group IA), 17 OLP samples from the same patients (group IB) and 13 OLP specimens from 12 control patients (group II). FISH evaluation of the MYC gains was determined in 100 nonoverlapping nuclei per sample. IHC evaluation was determined by calculating the percentage C-MYC expression in the epithelial cells. RESULTS: OSCC samples showed MYC copy number gains and C-MYC overexpression in 91% and 73% of cases, respectively. MYC gains were detected in 47% of samples from group IB and were absent from all samples from group II. C-MYC was overexpressed in 87% of cases from group IB and in only 44% of control specimens (group II). The differences in MYC status between groups IB and II were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: OLP lesions in patients with progression to OSCC show MYC gains and C-MYC overexpression. In patients with severe OLP, determining MYC status may predict a subgroup of subjects with a higher risk of progression to OSCC.