A Predictive Model for Primary Care Providers to Identify Children at Greatest Risk for Early Childhood Caries.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to create an early childhood caries (ECC) risk-screening tool that fits into the primary care provider (PCP) well-child workflow. Methods: Integrated health records were employed to develop a predictive model for infants/toddlers at ECC risk; 2,009 patients with 12-, 15-, or 18-month well-child visits and at least one dental visit were used to develop a predictive model for ECC risk at the first dental visit. Independent model validation used 880 18- to 48-month-olds at their first dental appointment after at least one well-child visit. Results: Age at the first dental visit strongly predicted caries risk (odds ratio for one-year increase in age equals 2.11; 95 percent confidence interval equals 1.80 to 2.47). Three factors predicted high-caries risk: breast feeding status, preferred language not English, and no-show rates for pediatric clinic visits greater than 20 percent. All three non-age risk factors in well-child exams prior to 18 months predicted 42 percent probability of having caries if present for the first dental visit at 18 months. If that child was not seen until four years of age for the first dental visit, the probability of high caries risk increased to 83 percent. Model performance for independent validation was very close to expected performance. Conclusions: Existing clinical documentation plus a validated predictive model enables an effective caries risk assessment within well-child visits.

The CTSA External Reviewer Exchange Consortium (CEREC): Engagement and efficacy.

INTRODUCTION: Many institutions evaluate applications for local seed funding by recruiting peer reviewers from their own institutional community. Smaller institutions, however, often face difficulty locating qualified local reviewers who are not in conflict with the proposal. As a larger pool of reviewers may be accessed through a cross-institutional collaborative process, nine Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) hubs formed a consortium in 2016 to facilitate reviewer exchanges. Data were collected to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the consortium. METHODS: The CTSA External Reviewer Exchange Consortium (CEREC) has been supported by a custom-built web-based application that facilitates the process and tracks the efficiency and productivity of the exchange. RESULTS: All nine of the original CEREC members remain actively engaged in the exchange. Between January 2017 and May 2019, CEREC supported the review process for 23 individual calls for proposals. Out of the 412 reviews requested, 368 were received, for a fulfillment ratio of 89.3%. The yield on reviewer invitations has remained consistently high, with approximately one-third of invitations being accepted, and of the reviewers who agreed to provide a review, 88.3% submitted a complete review. Surveys of reviewers and pilot program administrators indicate high satisfaction with the process. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that a reviewer exchange consortium is feasible, adds value to participating partners, and is sustainable over time.

An evaluation of 10 percent and 20 percent benzocaine gels in patients with acute toothaches: efficacy, tolerability and compliance with label dose administration directions.

BACKGROUND: The authors evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of 10 percent and 20 percent benzocaine gels compared with those of a vehicle (placebo) gel for the temporary relief of toothache pain. They also assessed the compliance with the label dose administration directions on the part of participants with toothache pain. METHODS: Under double-masked conditions, 576 participants self-applied study gel to an open tooth cavity and surrounding oral tissues. Participants evaluated their pain intensity and pain relief for 120 minutes. The authors determined the amount of gel the participants applied. RESULTS: The responders' rates (the primary efficacy parameter), defined as the percentage of participants who had an improvement in pain intensity as exhibited by a pain score reduction of at least one unit on the dental pain scale from baseline for two consecutive assessments any time between the five- and 20-minute points, were 87.3 percent, 80.7 percent and 70.4 percent, respectively, for 20 percent benzocaine gel, 10 percent benzocaine gel and vehicle gel. Both benzocaine gels were significantly (P ≤ .05) better than vehicle gel; the 20 percent benzocaine gel also was significantly (P ≤ .05) better than the 10 percent benzocaine gel. The mean amount of gel applied was 235.6 milligrams, with 88.2 percent of participants applying 400 mg or less. CONCLUSIONS: Both 10 percent and 20 percent benzocaine gels were more efficacious than the vehicle gel, and the 20 percent benzocaine gel was more efficacious than the 10 percent benzocaine gel. All treatments were well tolerated by participants. Practical Implications. Patients can use 10 percent and 20 percent benzocaine gels to temporarily treat toothache pain safely.

Relationship between sports drinks and dental erosion in 304 university athletes in Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Acidic soft drinks, including sports drinks, have been implicated in dental erosion with limited supporting data in scarce erosion studies worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental erosion in a sample of athletes at a large Midwestern state university in the USA, and to evaluate whether regular consumption of sports drinks was associated with dental erosion. A cross-sectional, observational study was done using a convenience sample of 304 athletes, selected irrespective of sports drinks usage. The Lussi Index was used in a blinded clinical examination to grade the frequency and severity of erosion of all tooth surfaces excluding third molars and incisal surfaces of anterior teeth. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather details on sports drink usage, lifestyle, health problems, dietary and oral health habits. Intraoral color slides were taken of all teeth with erosion. Sports drinks usage was found in 91.8% athletes and the total prevalence of erosion was 36.5%. Nonparametric tests and stepwise regression analysis using history variables showed no association between dental erosion and the use of sports drinks, quantity and frequency of consumption, years of usage and nonsport usage of sports drinks. The most significant predictor of erosion was found to be not belonging to the African race (p < 0.0001). The results of this study reveal no relationship between consumption of sports drinks and dental erosion.