Subject(s)
Melanoma , Skin Neoplasms , Uveitis , Humans , Melanoma/drug therapy , Nivolumab/adverse effects , Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Uveitis/chemically induced , Uveitis/drug therapy , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacologyABSTRACT
A 60-year-old woman with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) underwent thorough coronary artery disease assessments. Intravascular imaging tests suggested fragmented and calcified elastic fibers in the internal elastic lamina, suggesting a possible pathophysiology of coronary artery disease in PXE. Our case report would allow clinicians to acknowledge the clinical picture of PXE. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.).
ABSTRACT
Uveitic glaucoma (UG) is sometimes intractable, including intricate interaction between intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation associated with inflammation and side effects of steroids. Based on the Tube Versus Trabeculectomy study in refractory glaucoma results in 2012, tube shunt surgeries have been performed for UG, but few reports have focused on UG. We retrospectively examined the surgical efficacy, complications, and risk factors in 62 eyes with UG that underwent Baerveldt glaucoma drainage device (BGD) implantation at Kumamoto University. The IOPs significantly dropped, and the mean number of glaucoma medications was reduced by more than two. KaplanâMeier survival curves were presented under 2 conditions: an IOP reduction of 20% and 6 ≤ IOP ≤ 18 mmHg (criterion A) or 6 ≤ IOP ≤ 15 mmHg (criterion B). In criterion A, the median survival times (MST) were 124 days (complete) and 997 days (qualified). In criterion B, the MST was 129 days (complete) and 867 days (qualified). The Cox hazard proportional model found that the hazard ratio was 0.170 for a history of cataract surgery (95% CI 0.0303-0.950) and 8.669 for systemic immunosuppressive therapy (95% CI 1.810-41.51). BGD implantation is effective for treating UG, but the presence of systemic treatment and the lens status should be considered.
Subject(s)
Glaucoma Drainage Implants , Glaucoma , Trabeculectomy , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Glaucoma/surgery , Glaucoma/etiology , Intraocular Pressure , Glaucoma Drainage Implants/adverse effects , Trabeculectomy/adverse effects , Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Follow-Up StudiesABSTRACT
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242626.].
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of substratum stiffness on the sensitivity of human conjunctival fibroblasts to transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß, and to explore the molecular mechanism of action. METHODS: Human conjunctival fibroblasts were cultured on collagen-coated plastic or silicone plates. The stiffness of the silicone plates was 0.2 or 64 kPa. Cells were treated by 2.5 ng/mL TGF-ß2 with or without fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 (0-100 ng/mL) for 24 h or 48 h. The protein expression levels were determined by Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was assessed using the WST-8 assay. RESULTS: FGF-2 suppressed the TGF-ß-induced expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and collagen type I (Col I), but not fibronectin (FN). Both FGF-2 and TGF-ß2 increased cell proliferation without an additive effect. The induction of α-SMA by TGF-ß2 was decreased on the soft substratum, without any change in the expression level or subcellular location of Yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ). FGF-2 suppressed TGF-ß-induced α-SMA expression even on the soft substratum. CONCLUSIONS: FGF-2 treatment and a soft substratum suppressed TGF-ß-induced transdifferentiation of conjunctival fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. FGF-2 attenuated the TGF-ß-induced expression of α-SMA, even on a soft substratum.