Subject(s)
Hepatic Encephalopathy/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/complications , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery , Female , Hepatic Encephalopathy/diagnosis , Hepatic Encephalopathy/etiology , Hepatitis C/complications , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Ophthalmoplegia/etiology , Postoperative ComplicationsABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Ophthalmoplegia , Postoperative Complications , Arnold-Chiari Malformation , Hepatitis C , Hepatic Encephalopathy , Liver Cirrhosis , Liver Cirrhosis, AlcoholicABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Epileptic crises are uncommon in patients with multiple sclerosis. However, epilepsy is commoner in these patients than in the general population. An epileptic crisis as the presenting feature of multiple sclerosis is even rarer. The lesions involved in the pathogenesis of these crises are plaques of demyelinization which affect the cortical or subcortical areas. Other factors, some of which are still not clearly understood, such as the fibre, electrolytic changes, size of the plaque, reactive gliosis and the enzyme (Na(+)-K+)ATPase, seem also to play a part in the production mechanism. Magnetic resonance is a very sensitive technique used in the detection of demyelinating lesions during the acute phase. The sensitivity is further increased by the use of gadolinium. CLINICAL CASES AND CONCLUSIONS: We present two cases of multiple sclerosis which presented as epileptic crises. In one there were generalized tonic-clonic crises and in the other partial sensitive crises. We mention the EEG findings, CSF analysis and neuroimaging diagnostic techniques.
Subject(s)
Epilepsy, Generalized/etiology , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Adult , Brain/physiopathology , Demyelinating Diseases , Epilepsy, Generalized/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology , Neural ConductionABSTRACT
We present a study of 165 patients with fits with normal brain computerized tomography (CT) scan or else who showed no evidence as to the etiology of such attacks. We analyzed the magnetic resonance (MR) results obtained. In 36.6% of cases MR was pathological, the most frequent finding in our series being cerebral atrophy (12.8%). We comment on the most important pathology groups, highlighting the contribution MR made in our patients.