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1.
Acta Clin Belg ; 76(6): 421-426, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32302266

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease requiring a multidimensional approach, given its varying appearance, presence of comorbidities and complex treatment regimens. Psoriasis care is however often performed fragmented and, in case of flares, reactive with little integrated information on and for the patient. Literature suggests a multileveled approach of psoriasis, but the effects of its implementation have not yet been validated. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of a multileveled psoriasis consultation format, named PsoPlus, which has been implemented since 2012 in the Department of Dermatology at Ghent University Hospital in Belgium.Methods: The patient population was divided into two groups: one following the regular consultation and one following the PsoPlus format. Demographic data, clinical outcome and treatment approach of psoriasis patients were compared.Results: Patients who opted for the specialized PsoPlus consultation were younger and had longer disease duration. Decision parameters such as disease severity and quality of life were reported more often in the PsoPlus group. In the latter, a higher rate of patients were started on systemic therapy compared to the regular consultation group, and reporting on adverse events was done more frequently.Conclusion: The implementation of a specialized consultation with comprehensive guidance facilitates documentation on disease-relevant parameters such as disease severity and quality of life. This format can be seen as a guidance for capturing data in a structured manner, with evidence showing that it significantly impacts treatment decision, treating not only psoriasis but the patient as a whole.


Subject(s)
Psoriasis , Quality of Life , Chronic Disease , Humans , Psoriasis/therapy , Referral and Consultation , Severity of Illness Index
2.
Front Immunol ; 9: 2366, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30429846

ABSTRACT

Background: Inherited CARD9 deficiency constitutes a primary immunodeficiency predisposing uniquely to chronic and invasive fungal infections. Certain mutations are shown to negatively impact CARD9 protein expression and/or NF-κB activation, but the underlying biochemical mechanism remains to be fully understood. Objectives: To investigate a possible founder origin of a known CARD9 R70W mutation in five families of Turkish origin. To explore the biochemical mechanism of immunodeficiency by R70W CARD9. Methods: We performed haplotype analysis using microsatellite markers and SNPs. We designed a model system exploiting a gain-of-function (GOF) CARD9 L213LI mutant that triggers constitutive NF-κB activation, analogous to an oncogenic CARD11 mutant, to study NF-κB signaling and signalosome formation. We performed reporter assays, immunoprecipitation and confocal imaging on HEK cells overexpressing different CARD9 variants. Results: We identified a common haplotype, thus providing evidence for a common Turkish founder. CARD9 R70W failed to activate NF-κB and abrogated NF-κB activation by WT CARD9 and by GOF CARD9. Notably, R70W CARD9 also exerted negative effects on NF-κB activation by CARD10, CARD11, and CARD14. Consistent with the NF-κB results, the R70W mutation prevented GOF CARD9 to pull down the signalosome partner proteins BCL10 and MALT1. This reflected into drastic reduction of BCL10 filamentous assemblies in a cellular context. Indeed, structural analysis revealed that position R70 in CARD9 maps at the putative interface between successive CARD domains in CARD9 filaments. Conclusions: The R70W mutation in CARD9 prevents NF-κB activation by inhibiting productive interactions with downstream BCL10 and MALT1, necessary for assembly of the filamentous CARD9-BCL10-MALT1 signalosome.


Subject(s)
B-Cell CLL-Lymphoma 10 Protein/metabolism , CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/genetics , Founder Effect , Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation 1 Protein/metabolism , Mutation , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Signal Transduction , CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/chemistry , Cell Line , Disease Susceptibility , Female , Gain of Function Mutation , Humans , Male , Models, Molecular , Pedigree , Protein Binding , Protein Conformation , Structure-Activity Relationship , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
3.
PLoS One ; 11(10): e0164080, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27711196

ABSTRACT

The recent interest and elucidation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway created new targets for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases (ISDs). JAK inhibitors in oral and topical formulations have shown beneficial results in psoriasis and alopecia areata. Patients suffering from other ISDs might also benefit from JAK inhibition. Given the development of specific JAK inhibitors, the expression patterns of JAKs in different ISDs needs to be clarified. We aimed to analyze the expression of JAK/STAT family members in a set of prevalent ISDs: psoriasis, lichen planus (LP), cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), atopic dermatitis (AD), pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) and alopecia areata (AA) versus healthy controls for (p)JAK1, (p)JAK2, (p)JAK3, (p)TYK2, pSTAT1, pSTAT2 and pSTAT3. The epidermis carried in all ISDs, except for CLE, a strong JAK3 signature. The dermal infiltrate showed a more diverse expression pattern. JAK1, JAK2 and JAK3 were significantly overexpressed in PG and AD suggesting the need for pan-JAK inhibitors. In contrast, psoriasis and LP showed only JAK1 and JAK3 upregulation, while AA and CLE were characterized by a single dermal JAK signal (pJAK3 and pJAK1, respectively). This indicates that the latter diseases may benefit from more targeted JAK inhibitors. Our in vitro keratinocyte psoriasis model displayed reversal of the psoriatic JAK profile following tofacitinib treatment. This direct interaction with keratinocytes may decrease the need for deep skin penetration of topical JAK inhibitors in order to exert its effects on dermal immune cells. In conclusion, these results point to the important contribution of the JAK/STAT pathway in several ISDs. Considering the epidermal JAK3 expression levels, great interest should go to the investigation of topical JAK3 inhibitors as therapeutic option of ISDs.


Subject(s)
Janus Kinase 3/metabolism , Molecular Targeted Therapy , Skin Diseases/drug therapy , Administration, Topical , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects , Humans , Infant , Inflammation/complications , Janus Kinase 3/antagonists & inhibitors , Janus Kinase 3/genetics , Male , Middle Aged , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , STAT Transcription Factors/genetics , STAT Transcription Factors/metabolism , Skin/drug effects , Skin/metabolism , Skin/pathology , Skin Diseases/complications , Skin Diseases/enzymology , Young Adult
6.
J Clin Immunol ; 36(3): 204-9, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26961233

ABSTRACT

Chronic mucocutaneous or invasive fungal infections are generally the result of primary or secondary immune dysfunction. Patients with autosomal recessive CARD9 mutations are also predisposed to recurrent mucocutaneous and invasive fungal infections with Candida spp., dermatophytes (e.g., Trichophyton spp.) and phaeohyphomycetes (Exophiala spp., Phialophora verrucosa). We study a consanguineous family of Turkish origin in which three members present with distinct clinical phenotypes of chronic mucocutaneous and invasive fungal infections, ranging from chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) in one patient, treatment-resistant cutaneous dermatophytosis and deep dermatophytosis in a second patient, to CMC with Candida encephalitis and endocrinopathy in a third patient. Two patients consented to genetic testing and were found to have a previously reported homozygous R70W CARD9 mutation. Circulating IL-17 and IL-22 producing T cells were decreased as was IL-6 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) secretion upon stimulation with Candida albicans. Patients with recurrent fungal infections in the absence of known immunodeficiencies should be analyzed for CARD9 gene mutations as the cause of fungal infection predisposition.


Subject(s)
CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/genetics , Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/genetics , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/genetics , Invasive Fungal Infections/genetics , Tinea/genetics , CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/deficiency , CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins/immunology , Candida/growth & development , Candida/pathogenicity , Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/immunology , Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/pathology , Child , Consanguinity , Female , Gene Expression , Genes, Recessive , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/immunology , Homozygote , Humans , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/pathology , Interleukin-17/genetics , Interleukin-17/immunology , Interleukin-6/genetics , Interleukin-6/immunology , Interleukins/genetics , Interleukins/immunology , Invasive Fungal Infections/immunology , Invasive Fungal Infections/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Mutation , Pedigree , T-Lymphocytes , Tinea/immunology , Tinea/pathology , Trichophyton/growth & development , Trichophyton/pathogenicity , Turkey , Interleukin-22
7.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 41(6): 200-210, jun. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-434664

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar os dados bibliométricos e as manifestações clínico-terapêuticas da osteomielite por fungos. Métodos: Revisão sistemática, com análise secundária de dados, por dois grupos de observadores, considerando os casos publicados e recuperados do banco de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE e LILACS. Resultados: Foram encontrados 783 casos de osteomielite fúngica. A maioria dos relatos ocorreu após 1990 (487/783 [62,2por cento]). Apenas 189/783 (24,1 por cento ) dos relatos foram publicados em periódicos com linha editorial direcionada à Ortopedia. O agente etiológico mais comum foi Candida sp. (280/783 [35,8 por cento ]). O sexo masculino suplantou o feminino (537/783 [68,6 por cento] vs. 245/783 [31,3 por cento]) - em uma descrição não foi relatado o sexo. O tempo compreendido entre o aparecimento dos sintomas e o diagnóstico variou de dois dias a 21 anos, com média de 37,6 ± 100,2 semanas. O segmento mais afetado foi o esqueleto axial (522/783 [66,7 por cento]), sendo a vértebra o osso mais acometido (318/522 [60,9 por cento ]). O tratamento cirúrgico foi realizado em 527/732 (72 por cento ) casos com clara notificação. A proporção da utilização de anfotericina B e compostos azólicos, no tratamento da infecção, foi de 152/28 (1966-1989) e 161/105 (1990-2004). Conclusões: A osteomielite por fungos é um evento mais freqüentemente publicado, a partir de 1990. A infecção por Candida esteve relacionada àprótese articular e ao consumo de drogas, enquanto Aspergillus, ao transplante de órgãos e à neoplasia. A tendência é substituir a anfotericina B pelos azólicos, no tratamento medicamentoso da osteomielite por fungos. É atribuição especial do ortopedista envidar a máxima atenção, com o microbiologista, para que o diagnóstico da infecção fúngica óssea não passe despercebido tanto tempo, por falta de solicitação de pesquisa micológica rotineira ao serviço de microbiologia geral


Subject(s)
Humans , Fungi/pathogenicity , Osteomyelitis , Bibliometrics
8.
J. bras. med ; 90(4): 25-28, abr. 2006. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-480216

ABSTRACT

A sinusite fúngica crônica invasiva é uma doença granulomatosa crônica com invasão tecidual de parede de seios paranasais. Apesar de ser engêmica no Sudão, é incomum na maioria dos países, inclusive nos EUA. Os fungos do gênero Aspergillus são o principal agente etiológico. Ocorre em pacientes imunocompetentes, não-atópicos, com história de rinossinusite crônica. Habitualmente se manifesta quando há invação de estruturas adjacentes (órbita e tecido retroorbitário). Seu diagnóstico requer suspeição clínica. Os autores relatam um caso de sinusite fúngica crônica invasiva por Aspergillus spp. em paciente com história de sinusite prolongada, não diagnosticada por médicos pelo desconhecimento desta afecção, cuja queixa principal era exoftalmia.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Sinusitis/surgery , Sinusitis/diagnosis , Sinusitis/etiology , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Aspergillus/pathogenicity , Diagnosis, Differential , Diagnostic Imaging , Exophthalmos/etiology , Itraconazole/therapeutic use
9.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 40(1/2): 11-23, jan.-fev. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-402739

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi proceder à revisão sistemática, com análise secundária de dados dos relatos de casos de artroplastia com infecção rúngica, levantados dos bancos de dados Medline, Embase e Lilacs, entre 1966 e março de 2004. O número de publicaçÒes teve linha de tendência ascendente (R2 = 0,3593) no período estudado, sendo 68,9 por cento (n = 40) a partir de 1992. Dos 58 relatos de caso, o agente etiológico mais comum foi o gênero Candida (n = 51; 87,9 por cento) e na maioria a infecção foi em artroplastia do joelho (n = 29; 50 por cento). O tempo compreendido entre o aparecimento dos sintomas até o diagnóstico foi longo (média de 1,2 ano). Após a verificação da presença do fungo na cultura, a mesma só foi considerada verdadeira na primeira pesquisa em apenas 60por cento (n = 30) dos casos que continham a informação. Os casos restantes, inicialmente considerados falsos-contaminantes, só foram validados na segunda pesquisa micológica em 24por cento (n = 12), após uma terceira pesquisa em 14 por cento (n = 7), e até após uma quarta pesquisa em um caso (2 por cento). As revistas com linha editorial restrita à Ortopedia publicaram apenas 27 (46,5 por cento) casos, pouco mais do que os 34,5por cento (n = 20) relatados nas revistas de Infectologia. É provável que a incredulidade da presença do fungo ou o pouco interesse em relatar os casos, por parte dos ortopedistas sejam as causas do viés de diagnóstico e o conceito pré-formado de que a artroplastia infectada por fungos seja um evento improvável e raro


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arthroplasty , Bibliometrics , Fungi , Infections
10.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 59(1/2): 47-53, jan.-fev. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-319170

ABSTRACT

A obesidade apresenta etiologia multifatorial, implicando em tratamento multidisciplinar. O objetivo do presente estudo é comparar a açäo da dietoterapia, estímulo de atividades físicas, a aplicaçäo da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) e a utilizaçäo do femproporex no tratamento da paciente obesa. Durante seis meses, 40 pacientes do sexo feminino com índice de massa corporal (IMC) maior que 30 foram orientadas quanto à dietoterapia com valor calórico total (VCT) de 1.200 kcal/dia, exercícios físicos e receberam femproporex, nas doses de 25 ou 50 mg diários. As pacientes foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: em um grupo foi aplicada a TCC (Grupo T) e no outro näo (Grupo M). Os dados antropométricos (peso, altura, índice de massa corporal e relaçäo cintura-quadril - RCQ) foram avaliados quinzenalmente, bem como a anamnese e o exame físico completo, sendo realizada avaliaçäo laboratorial no início e ao término do estudo. Ambos os grupos apresentavam valores basais semelhantes do peso corporal, IMC e RCQ. O grupo M apresentou apresentou reduçäo ponderal média do peso corporal de 13,1 (15,5 porcento) do peso inicial e reduçäo porcentual no IMC de 16,8 porcento. Ambos os grupos apresentaram reduçäo estatísticamente significante dos valores do colesterol total e triglicérides séricos. Os demais parâmetros laboratoriais näo apresentaram variaçäo nos dois grupos. O femproporex foi considerado pelas pacientes como eficaz em 100 porcento do grupo M e 92,7 porcento do grupo T, sendo a diminuíçäo do apetite o efeito positivo mais citados nos dois grupos. O femproporex demonstrou ser uma opçäo válida para o tratamento medicamentoso da obesidade, considerando sua boa tolerabilidade e seu baixo custo.(au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Appetite Depressants , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Obesity
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