ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe the antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution of pneumococcal strains. METHODS: In a 57-month period, a laboratory-based surveillance of invasive pneumococcal strains from patients aged < 20 years was conducted. Pneumococcus was identified by means of tests for solubility in bile and optochin. Pneumococcal resistance to penicillin was screened by 1 micro g oxacillin disc and minimal inhibitory concentration was determined for the strains not susceptible to penicillin. Disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used for surveillance of resistance to other antimicrobials. Pneumococci were serotyped by means of the Neufeld-Quellung reactions. RESULTS: Of 70 patients, 57.1% were males. The mean age was 1.92 yrs (mean 3.19 +/- 3.66 yrs, range 1 month to 19.5 yrs); 52.9% and 81.4% were < 2 yrs and < 5 yrs, respectively. The strains were isolated from blood (91.4%), CSF (2.9%), pleural (2.9%), peritoneal (1.4%) and abscess (1.4%) fluids from patients with pneumonia (77.1%), fever without localizing signs (10.0%), meningitis (4.3%), others (8.6%). Resistance was detected to penicillin (20.0%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (65.7%), tetracycline (21.4%), ofloxacin (6.3%), erythromycin (5.7%), clindamycin (2.9%). All tested strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol and vancomycin. Among penicillin-resistant strains, high resistance was detected in one, the same that showed intermediate resistance to cefotaxime. The most frequent serotypes were: 14 (22.9%), 5 and 6A (10.0% each), 6B and 19F (8.6% each), 9V, 18C and 23F (5.7% each). Resistance to penicillin was detected in serotypes 14 (71.4%), 6B and 19F (14.3% each). CONCLUSIONS: Of 70 strains, 67.2% were classified as serotypes included in the heptavalent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine, as were all penicillin-resistant strains.
Subject(s)
Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Adult , Brazil , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Serotyping , Streptococcus pneumoniae/classification , Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effectsABSTRACT
Objetivos: descrever resistencia antimicrobiana e sorotipos de cepas de pneumococo. Metodos: durante 57 meses, foi conduzida uma vigilancia de cepas invasivas de pneumococo de pacientes com idade maior de 20 anos. O pneumococo foi identificado pelos testes de solubilidade da bile e optoquina. A resistência a penicilina foi avaliada com o disco de oxacilina (I╡g) e, para as cepas não suscetiveis, foi determinada a concentração inibitariamonima. Provas de difusão de disco e de microdiluiτπo em placa foram utilizadas para avaliação da resistência a outros antimicrobianos...
