Work-related stress and quality of life in nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic

Introduction: Work-related stress is the physical and emotional manifestation triggered by an imbalance in coping with perceived demands. One of the workers most affected by work-related stress is the nursing staff, a situation that was exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic and could affect their quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the connection between quality of life and work-related stress in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Analytical, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were used for the present study. Results: A negative correlation was obtained between quality of life and stress level (r = -0,438, p < 0,01), and being a professional nurse was related to higher stress levels. On the other hand, being 31 years or older and having more than 12 months of work experience were associated with a higher quality of life score, while being female, single, divorced, or widowed and having higher acute stress scores indicated a significantly worse quality of life. Discussion: Acute stress negatively affects the quality of life of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic and this differs significantly according to age, sex, marital status, and work experience. Conclusion: It is recommended that the health sector authorities design policies that guarantee strategies to improve the mental health of nursing personnel, as well as to guarantee fair and dignified treatment.

Relationship between Dynamic and Isometric Strength, Power, Speed, and Average Propulsive Speed of Recreational Athletes.

The purpose of this study was to examine the type of relationship between measures of maximal force (dynamic and isometric), maximal power, and mean propulsive velocity. In total, 355 recreational athletes, 96 women (age 20.5 ± 2.5 years; height 158.2 ± 17.3 cm; weight 61.8 ± 48.4 kg) and 259 men (age 21.0 ± 2.6 years; height 170.5 ± 12.6 cm; weight 65.9 ± 9.2 kg) were evaluated in three sessions separated by 72 h each in isometric midthigh pull exercise (ISOS) (kg), bench press maximum strength (1RM MSBP) (kg), jump height (CMJ) (m), and maximum pedaling power (WT) the maximum squat strength (1RM MSS) (kg), the mean propulsive velocity in the bench press (MPVBP) (m·s-1), and the peak power (PPBP) (w), mean propulsive squat velocity (MPVS) (m·s-1), peak power (PP) (w), maximum handgrip force (ISOHG) (kg), and 30 m movement speed (V30) (s). Significant correlations (p ≤ 0.01) were identified between 95% of the various manifestations of force, and only 5% presented a significance of p ≤ 0.05; however, when the magnitude of these correlations is observed, there is great heterogeneity. In this sense, the dynamic strength tests present the best correlations with the other strength and power tests used in the present study, followed by PPBP and PP. The results of this study complement what is reported in the literature regarding the correlation between different types of force manifestations being heterogeneous and contradictory.

Bar Load-Velocity Profile of Full Squat and Bench Press Exercises in Young Recreational Athletes.

The purpose of this study was to determine the mean propulsive velocity (MVP) at various percentages of one repetition maximum (1RM) in the full squat and chest press exercises. A total of 96 young women and 256 young men (recreational athletes) performed an incremental test (50−60−70−80% 1RM) comprising the bench press and full squat exercises in two different sessions. The individual load and velocity ratios were established through the MPV. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0, with the significance level set at 5%. The following findings were revealed: highly linear load-velocity relationships in the group of women (r = 0.806 in the squat, and r = 0.872 in the bench press) and in the group of men (r = 0.832 and r = 0.880, respectively); significant differences (p < 0.001) in the MPV at 50−70−80% 1RM between the bench press and the full squat in men and at 70−80% 1RM in women; and a high variability in the MPV (11.49% to 22.63) in the bench press and full squat (11.58% to 25.15%) was observed in women and men (11.31% to 21.06%, and 9.26% to 24.2%) at the different percentages of 1RM evaluated. These results suggest that the load-velocity ratio in non-strength-trained subjects should be determined individually to more precisely establish the relative load to be used in a full squat and bench press training program.

Profiling Physical Fitness of Physical Education Majors Using Unsupervised Machine Learning.

The academic curriculum has shown to promote sedentary behavior in college students. This study aimed to profile the physical fitness of physical education majors using unsupervised machine learning and to identify the differences between sexes, academic years, socioeconomic strata, and the generated profiles. A total of 542 healthy and physically active students (445 males, 97 females; 19.8 [2.2] years; 66.0 [10.3] kg; 169.5 [7.8] cm) participated in this cross-sectional study. Their indirect VO2max (Cooper and Shuttle-Run 20 m tests), lower-limb power (horizontal jump), sprint (30 m), agility (shuttle run), and flexibility (sit-and-reach) were assessed. The participants were profiled using clustering algorithms after setting the optimal number of clusters through an internal validation using R packages. Non-parametric tests were used to identify the differences (p < 0.05). The higher percentage of the population were freshmen (51.4%) and middle-income (64.0%) students. Seniors and juniors showed a better physical fitness than first-year students. No significant differences were found between their socioeconomic strata (p > 0.05). Two profiles were identified using hierarchical clustering (Cluster 1 = 318 vs. Cluster 2 = 224). The matching analysis revealed that physical fitness explained the variation in the data, with Cluster 2 as a sex-independent and more physically fit group. All variables differed significantly between the sexes (except the body mass index [p = 0.218]) and the generated profiles (except stature [p = 0.559] and flexibility [p = 0.115]). A multidimensional analysis showed that the body mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, and agility contributed the most to the data variation so that they can be used as profiling variables. This profiling method accurately identified the relevant variables to reinforce exercise recommendations in a low physical performance and overweight majors.

Deferral due to low hemoglobin and predictors of permanence in the blood donation system of repeat female blood donors.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the deferral rate due to low hemoglobin (Hb) in repeat female blood donors and identify the factors affecting their permanence in the blood donation system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 8,368 repeat female blood donors who donated from January 2012 to December 2018 were included. Bivariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to identify the covariates possibly associated with developing low Hb, and Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to adjust for all confounders. RESULTS: The global deferral rate due to low Hb was 2.4 %. According to baseline Hb, the frequency of low Hb was 0.7-4.1 %, and it was higher in platelet donors (5.8-9.1 %) than in whole blood donors (1.9 %). The main predictors were baseline Hb (compared to the first quartile; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.487 for the second quartile; 0.234 for the third; and 0.095 for the fourth); change in Hb (HR = 2.689 for a >0.49 g/dL change, compared to smaller changes); the type of donation (compared to whole blood donors, HR = 2.317 for platelet donors); and donation interval (compared to >12.5 month intervals; HR = 2.220 for 8.0-12.5 months; HR = 5.658 for 5.4-8.0 months; and HR = 9.452 for <5.4 months). CONCLUSIONS: In female blood donors at moderate altitude, the probability of developing low Hb increases with a baseline Hb of 13.5-14.0 g/dL, with a change in Hb >0.49 g/dL, in platelet donors, and with donation intervals <12.5 months. These four predictive factors can be used together for early identification of donors at risk of developing low Hb, to institute appropriate measures.

Ángulo de fase como indicador de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes universitarios / Phase angle as an indicator of cardiovascular risk in university students

Resumen Introducción El ángulo de fase se utiliza actualmente como indicador del estado nutricional de los adultos y marcador pronóstico de presencia y progresión de enfermedades crónicas, como las cardiovasculares. Objetivo Determinar la asociación entre el ángulo de fase y los indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes universitarios. Método: Estudio correlacional de corte transversal, en el que se evalúo a 30 estudiantes universitarios (edad 22.1 ± 2 años, peso 65.6 ± 10,3 kg) a través de IPAQ (versión corta), glucometría basal, composición corporal mediante bioimpedancia eléctrica con el instrumento Inbody® de referencia 770, fuerza prensil, batería de Bosco (Optogait®) y consumo de oxígeno indirecto (test de Leger). Resultados Se encontró una media de ángulo de fase de 6.4 ± 0.66, y se halló correlación moderada entre masa magra en tronco (0.68; p = 0.05), tasa metabólica basal (0.64; p = 0.009), nivel de fitness (0.71; p = 0.003), Counter Movement Jump (0.56; p = 0.028) y ángulo de fase. Las mujeres presentan correlación entre relación de cintura y cadera (r = 0.74; p = 0.034). Conclusiones El ángulo demostró ser un indicador predictor de riesgo cardiovascular en población adulta joven; además, permitió una visión más exacta de la predisposición y la potencialidad para padecer enfermedad cardiovascular.

Abstract Introduction The phase angle is currently used as an indicator of the nutritional status of adults and a prognostic marker of the presence and progression of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. Objective To determine the association between phase angle and cardiovascular risk indicators in university students. Method Correlational cross-sectional study. Thirty university students (age 22.1 ± 2 years, weight 65.6 ± 10.3 kg) were evaluated through IPAQ (short version), baseline glucometry, body composition using electrical bioimpedance with the Inbody® reference instrument 770, prehensile force, Bosco battery (Optogait®), indirect oxygen consumption (Leger test). Results A mean phase angle 6.4 ± 0.66 was found, with a moderate correlation between lean trunk mass (0.68; p =0.05), basal metabolic rate (0.64; p = 0.009), fitness level (0.71; p = 0.003), Counter Movement Jump (0.56; p = 0.028) and phase angle. Women have a correlation between waist and hip ratio (r = 0.74; p = 0.034). Conclusions The angle proved to be a predictive indicator of cardiovascular risk in young adult population, also allowed a more accurate view of the predisposition and potential for cardiovascular disease.

Displasia broncopulmonar y su relación con los cuidados respiratorios en prematuros menores de 32 semanas en una unidad neonatal, Bogotá 2017 / Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and its relationship with respiratory care in premature infants under 32 weeks in a neonatal unit, Bogotá, 2017

RESUMEN Introducción: la displasia broncopulmonar es una enfermedad crónica que afecta al recién nacido prematuro que ha requerido ventilación mecánica y suplementación de oxígeno por su prematurez. La displasia está asociada a múltiples factores, entre los cuales se encuentran las medidas de cuidado respiratorio. Objetivo: describir la relación de presentación de displasia broncopulmonar con parámetros de atención respiratoria en prematuros menores de 32 semanas de edad gestacional en una unidad neonatal en Bogotá durante al año 2017. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional analítico transversal, desarrollado utilizando datos extraídos de una base secundaria de registro de recién nacidos prematuros atendidos en una unidad de cuidados neonatales de la ciudad de Bogotá. Resultados: se encontró una prevalencia del 30% de presentación de displasia broncopulmonar en este grupo y relaciones significativas (p<0,05) entre la presentación de displasia y la administración de surfactante pulmonar exógeno y de citrato de cafeína (como factores protectores), la ventilación mecánica y la ventilación mecánica no invasiva. Conclusiones: las guías y consensos internacionales dirigen sus recomendaciones hacia un manejo más conservador de los parámetros de cuidado respiratorio para el recién nacido prematuro. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(2): 41-7.

ABSTRACT Introduction: bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic disease that affects the premature newborn, which has required mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation because of its prematurity. Dysplasia is associated with multiple factors, among which are respiratory care measures. Objective: describe the relationship of bronchopulmonary dysplasia with parameters of respiratory care in premature infants under 32 weeks of gestational age in a neonatal unit in Bogotá during 2017. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional analytical observational study, developed using data extracted from a secondary registry database for preterm infants treated in a neonatal care unit in the city of Bogotá. Results: a 30% prevalence of dysplasia was found in this group and significant relationships (p <0.05) between the presentation of dysplasia and the administration of exogenous pulmonary surfactant and caffeine citrate (as protective factors), mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation Conclusions: international guidelines and consensus direct their recommendations towards a more conservative management of respiratory care parameters for the premature newborn. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(2): 41-7.

Validation of two field tests to determine maximum oxygen consumption in university students at high altitude / Validación de dos test de campo para determinar el consumo máximo de oxígeno en estudiantes universitarios en una altura elevada

Abstract Introduction: Various research has used field tests to establish cardiorespiratory fitness from VO.max obtained; however, under high altitude conditions there may be variations that influence the behavior of this variable untrained and untrained healthy subjects. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the VO.max obtained by means of two field tests: Cooper Run Test and Shuttle Run Test 20 meters (CRT and SRT-20m) and the values obtained by ergospirometry in trained university students above 2600 masl. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study;30 trained subjects (8 women 22 men) participated, with ± an average age of 19.0 to 2.2 years for women and 20.1 ± to 2.1 years for men. A one-way variance analysis was applied; a post hoc analysis was subsequently performed with the Games-Howell procedure which is most powerful in small samples (p<0.01). Results: No significant differences were founding the VO.max mean for SRT-20m and the direct method, however, with respect to the CRT, differences were presented (p <0.01), reflecting the higher accuracy of the SRT-20m test to estimate the VO.max in the sample evaluated. Conclusions: Our results suggested that SRT-20m predicted VO.max closely to data reported in ergospirometry in both men and women living at high altitude. Additional research with larger sample sizes is warranted. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(1): 19-26.

Resumen Introducción: Diversas investigaciones han empleado las pruebas de campo con la finalidad de establecer el fitness cardiorrespiratorio a partir del VO.máx obtenido; no obstante, en condiciones de gran altitud pueden existir variaciones que influencien el comportamiento de esta variable en sujetos sanos entrenados y no entrenados. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el VO.max obtenido mediante dos pruebas de campo: Cooper Run Test y Shuttle Run Test 20 metros (CRT y SRT-20m) y los valores obtenidos mediante ergoespirometría. Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal; participaron 30 sujetos entrenados (8 mujeres 22 hombres), con una edad promedio de 19,0 ± 2,2 años para las mujeres y 20,1 ± 2,1 años para los hombres. Se aplicó un análisis de varianza de una vía; posteriormente se realizó un análisis post hoc con el procedimiento de Games-Howell, que es más poderoso en muestras pequeñas (p<0.01). Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la media del VO.max para SRT-20m y el método directo, sin embargo, con respecto al CRT, se presentaron diferencias (p <0.01), reflejando la mayor precisión de la prueba SRT-20m para estimar el VO.max. en la muestra evaluada. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugirieron que SRT-20m predijo los valores de VO.máx de manera cercana a los datos reportados en ergoespirometría tanto en hombres como en mujeres que habitan a gran altitud. Se justifica la investigación adicional con tamaños de muestra más grandes. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(1): 19-26

Impact of smoking and physical inactivity on self-rated health in women in Colombia.

The aim of this study was to assess the association between poor and fair self-rested health, smoking, and leisure-time physical inactivity in Colombian women. A cross-sectional study using the data from the 2010 Colombian National Demographics and Health (ENDS) and Nutritional Situation (ENSIN) Surveys was conducted. Multivariate logistic analysis for self-perceived health status in 12,431 women aged 13-49 years old and 8224 women aged 18-64 years old were performed. Independent variables included smoking, leisure-time physical inactivity, anthropometric and socio-demographic information. Current smoking and leisure-time physical inactivity were associated with poor and fair self-rated health status (OR 1.78, CI 1.41, 2.25; OR 1.30, CI 1.03, 1.62; respectively). Other significantly associated variables were age (OR 1.68, CI 1.46, 1.92 for 30-49 years; OR 2.32, CI 1.96, 2.74 for 50-64 years), socio-economic strata (OR 7.24, CI 3.81, 13.76 for strata 1-3), educational level (OR 1.70 to 2.77 compared to technical or university), obesity (OR 0.81, CI 0.70, 0.93 for normal body mass index), geographical region (OR 0.67, CI 0.53, 0.85 for Bogotá, compared to Amazon and Orinoco regions), and no affiliation to health system (OR 1.22, CI 1.03, 1.44). Smoking and leisure-time physical inactivity were significantly associated with poor and fair self-rated health in Colombian women. Promoting leisure-time physical activity and implementing smoking cessation strategies specifically in female population, mainly from low to medium strata are suggested to improve their self-perceived health status and control chronic noncommunicable diseases.

Prevalencia y actitudes hacia el uso del tabaco en estudiantes de terapia respiratoria

Introducción: Esta investigación realiza una valoración de la prevalencia del uso de tabaco y actitudes relacionadas en estudiantes de terapia respiratoria. Métodos. Un diseño observacional descriptivo transversal fue utilizado con 127 estudiantes. La encuesta mundial de tabaquismo en estudiantes de profesiones de la salud (GHPSS) fue empleada en este estudio. Resultados. 20,47% de la muestra informó uso del cigarrillo en el último mes y 53,54% manifestó haberlo hecho en el último año. Las mujeres presentaron mayor consumo que los hombres (p=0,027). 60% de la muestra presenta exposición al humo de cigarrillo de segunda mano y 44% informó haber probado el cigarrillo antes de los 19 años. Conclusion. La prevalencia de tabaco en el último mes fue superior a la observada en Colombia. Se hace necesario reforzar las medidas de ambientes libres de tabaco en universidades e intervenir en estudiantes de terapia respiratoria con técnicas para la cesación del uso de tabaco, así como promover hábitos saludables.

Introduction. This research assesses the prevalence of the use of tobacco and related attitudes in respiratory therapy students. Methods. A transversal descriptive and observational study was carried out with 127 subjects. The global survey of smoking among students of health programs (GHPSS) was applied in this study. Results. 20.47% of the sample reported cigarette consumption in the last month and 53.54% reported have done it in the last year. Women showed higher consumption than men (p = 0.027). 60% of the sample subjects said they were passively exposed to cigarette smoke. and 44% reported having tried cigarettes before they were 19 years. Conclusion. The prevalence of tobacco in the last month was higher than that the observed in Colombia. It is necessary to reinforce measures of smoke-free environments in universities and make an intervention with respiratory therapy students with techniques to cease the tobacco consumption, as well as promoting healthy habits.

Introdução. Esta investigação faz uma avaliação da prevalência do uso do tabaco e as atitudes relacionadas em estudantes de terapia respiratória. Métodos. Utilizouse um desenho observacional descritivo transversal com 127 alunos. A pesquisa global sobre tabagismo entre estudantes universitários da área da saúde (Global Health Professional Students Survey, GHPSS) foi utilizada neste estudo. Resultados. 20,47% da amostra relataram uso de cigarro no último mês e 53,54% manifestaram fazer isso no ano passado. As mulheres apresentaram maior consumo do que os homens (p = 0,027). 60% da amostra apresenta exposição à fumaça de cigarro de segunda mão e 44% relataram ter experimentado com o cigarro antes dos 19 anos. Conclusão. A prevalência do tabaco no último mês foi superior à observada na Colômbia. É necessário reforçar as medidas de ambientes livres de tabaco em universidades e intervir em estudantes de terapia respiratória com técnicas para cessação do uso do tabaco, bem como promover hábitos saudáveis.

Inactividad física en el tiempo libre y auto percepción del estado de salud de colombianos entre los 18 y 64 años / Leisure time physical inactivity and self-perception of health status in colombian adults from 18 to 64 years old

Objetivo: Explorar la relación entre la inactividad física en el tiempo libre y la auto percepción del estado de salud en la población colombiana entre 18 y 64 años de edad reportados en la Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional (ENSIN) y Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud (ENDS) año 2010. Metodología: El diseño del estudio es analítico de corte transversal y pretende con los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Situación Nutricional en Colombia (ENSIN) y la Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y salud (ENDS) 2010, explorar la asociación entre inactividad física en el tiempo libre y auto percepción del estado de salud de los colombianos entre 18 y 64 años. Resultados: Para el 2010, en mujeres, la inactividad física explica una regular y mala auto percepción de la salud (OR=1,37; IC95% 1,10-1,70) después de haber ajustado por factores de confusión. Variables como edad, nivel escolar, afiliación al sistema de salud, estado civil, vivir en determinadas regiones como la oriental y Bogotá en mujeres también influyen en la auto percepción de la salud. En el grupo de los hombres no se observó que la inactividad física esté asociada con auto percepción regular o mala del estado de salud (OR=1,04; IC95% 0,85-1,29), pero sí la edad y la baja escolaridad. Conclusión: Niveles bajos de actividad física en el tiempo libre se asocian con regulares y pobres auto percepciones de salud en mujeres, mientras que en hombres no se observó esta relación, lo que hace necesario tener en cuenta otro tipo de variables que pueden modificar esta percepción

Objective: To explore the relationship between leisure time physical inactivity (PI) and self-perceived health status in the Colombian population between 18 and 64 years of age reported in the National Nutrition Situation Survey (ENSIN) and National Demography and Health Survey (ENDS) 2010. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study to explore the association between physical inactivity and self-perception of the health status of Colombians between 18 and 64 from the National Survey of Nutrition Situation in Colombia (ENSIN) and the National Demographic and Health Survey (ENDS) 2010. Results: PI explains a regular and poor self-perception of health (OR= 1.37; IC95% 1.10-1.70) in women after adjusting for confounding factors. Other associated variables included: age, educational level, affiliation to the health system, marital status, living in eastern region and Bogota. PI was not associated with self-perception of health status in men (OR=1.04; IC95% 0.85 - 1.29), but age and low educational level did show association. Conclusion: Low levels of leisure time physical activity were associated with regular and poor self-perceived health status in women, whereas in men this relationship was not observed

Efectos de un programa de promoción de actividad física sobre el fitness de mujeres adolescentes de dos colegios de Bogotá, D.C / Effects of a physical activity promotion program over adolescent women from two schools in Bogotá, D.C

Resumen Introducción. La inactividad física actualmente predomina en toda la población, en particular la adolescente, lo que genera consecuencias sobre la salud. A su vez, el ámbito escolar provee un ambiente propicio para intervenciones de promoción de hábitos de vida saludables. Este estudio propone implementar y evaluar el impacto de un modelo de promoción de actividad física, con el propósito de modificar comportamientos individuales y colectivos hacia la práctica regular de actividad física. Objetivo. Evaluar los efectos de un programa de promoción de actividad física sobre los componentes del fitness relacionado con la salud en mujeres adolescentes de dos colegios de Bogotá. Materiales y métodos. Este es un estudio longitudinal, descriptivo, exploratorio, con mediciones pre-post de los componentes del fitness relacionado con la salud. 49 mujeres sanas estudiantes de dos colegios de Bogotá (edad: 15.33±1.36 años) participaron en el programa de 12 semanas. El paquete estadístico SPSS 20 fue utilizado para el análisis. Resultados. Después de la intervención, se encontraron cambios significativos en la fuerza de abdominales y de miembros inferiores de las adolescentes participantes. Las demás variables medidas mostraron cambios positivos, pero no significativos. Conclusiones. El programa propuesto genera cambios positivos en la mayoría de componentes del fitness relacionado con la salud en mujeres adolescentes.

Abstract Introduction: Physical inactivity currently prevails throughout the population, particularly adolescents, generating health consequences. In turn, the school setting provides a conducive environment to promote healthy lifestyles. This study proposes the implementation and evaluation of the impact of a model for physical activity promotion, with the purpose of modifying individual and collective behaviors towards regular physical activity. Objective: To assess the effects of a physical activity promotion program on fitness components related to health in adolescent women from two schools in Bogotá. Materials and methods: This is a longitudinal, descriptive, exploratory study with pre-post fitness measurements related to health. 49 healthy female students from two schools in Bogota (aged15.33±1.36) participated in the program for 12 weeks. SPSS 20 was used for analysis. Results: After the intervention, significant changes were found in abdominal and lower limb strength. Other variables measured showed positive changes, but not significant. Conclusions: The proposed program generates positive changes in most fitness components regarding health in adolescent women.

Actividad física en el tiempo libre y autopercepción del estado de salud en Colombia / Leisure-time physical activity and self-perception of health status in Colombia

Introducción: La actividad física se considera un factor protector para el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas. Encuestas a poblaciones suministran información sobre su estado de salud y factores relacionados. El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar la asociación entre actividad física en el tiempo libre y autopercepción del estado de salud, según los datos de la encuesta nacional de la situación nutricional en Colombia de 2005. Material y métodos: Diseño observacional analítico de corte transversal. Un total de 14.601 sujetos colombianos (18-64 años), seleccionados mediante muestreo complejo, fueron incluidos en el estudio. Se seleccionaron variables relacionadas con autopercepción de la salud y se categorizó la actividad física según recomendaciones del cuestionario internacional de actividad física. Resultados: Mediante análisis de regresión logística se identificó mayor riesgo en las mujeres que reportaron bajo nivel de actividad física de percibir su salud como pobre, con respecto a las de alta actividad física (OR ajustado=1,92; IC95%, 1,19-3,10). En los hombres no se encontró tal evidencia (OR ajustado=0,80; IC95%, 0,62-1,03). Percepciones regulares y malas del estado de salud se relacionaron también con bajos niveles escolares en ambos sexos, y con falta de afiliación al sistema de salud en hombres(AU)

Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación entre un nivel vigoroso de actividad física en el tiempo libre y buena autopercepción del estado de salud en las mujeres, mientras que en los hombres no se encontró dicha asociación, siendo necesario contemplar en ellos otros hábitos y dominios. Buenas evaluaciones del estado de salud se asociaron a nivel educativo más elevado en ambos sexos y a la condición de afiliado al sistema de salud en hombres. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de direccionar políticas públicas hacia el fomento de la práctica de actividades físicas, garantizar el acceso a la educación y a la afiliación a un sistema de salud de la población(AU)

Introduction: Physical activity is a protective factor for developing chronic diseases. Population surveys provide information on its health status and related factors. The aim of this study was to explore the association between leisure-time physical activity and self-perceived health status, using data from the national survey of the nutritional situation in Colombia, 2005. Material and methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 14,601 subjects (18-64 years) from Colombia, selected through complex sampling. We selected variables related to self-perception of health and physical activity, and were categorized according to the international physical activity questionnaire's recommendations. Results: A logistic regression analysis identified increased risk in women who reported low levels of physical activity and perceived their health as poor, compared with high physical activity (adjusted OR=1.92; 95%CI, 1.19-3,10). In men no such evidence was found (adjusted OR=0.80; 95%CI, 0.62 to 1.03). Women and men with a low educational level, and men without access to the health system more often perceived their health as fair or poor. Conclusions: A vigorous level of leisure-time physical activity and good self-perceived health status were significantly associated in women, whereas in men this association was not found. Good health assessments were also associated with higher educational levels in both women and men, and with having access to the health system in men. These results suggest the need to address public policy towards promotion of physical activity, and ensuring access to education and the health system(AU)

Análisis de los componentes espectrales de la variabilidad cardíaca en hombres jóvenes entrenados: comparación del entrenamiento aeróbico y anaeróbico / Spectral analysis of heart rate variability in trained young men: comparison of endurance and resistance training

Introducción: La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) permite estudiar de forma no invasiva la modulación autonómica de la función cardiovascular. Según el principio de especificidad del entrenamiento, cada tipo de ejercicio produce adaptaciones específicas. Sin embargo, no se ha establecido si este concepto también es aplicable a la VFC. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comparar los componentes espectrales de la VFC en hombres jóvenes entrenados aeróbicamente y anaeróbicamente. Material y métodos: Estudio analítico descriptivo de corte transversal. Se analizaron los componentes espectrales de la VFC en reposo a partir de registros cortos en 12 corredores, 10 levantadores de peso y 11 sujetos control, no activos físicamente. Resultados: Los sujetos entrenados aeróbicamente presentaron los valores más bajos en el componente de baja frecuencia (BF) y los valores más altos en el de alta frecuencia (AF), pero estas diferencias no fueron estadísticamente significativas. El poder espectral total fue similar en todos los grupos (p=0,103), al igual que la relación del componente de BF dividido en el de AF (p=0,094). La frecuencia cardíaca en reposo en el grupo entrenado aeróbicamente fue significativamente menor con respecto al grupo entrenado anaeróbicamente (p<0,01) y al control (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Los resultados no mostraron efecto del entrenamiento físico regular a largo plazo, ya fuese aeróbico o anaeróbico, sobre los componentes espectrales de la VFC. La bradicardia en reposo observada en nuestros sujetos de estudio entrenados aeróbicamente, no se explica por cambios en el control autonómico de la función cardiovascular(AU)

Introduction: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive tool for studying autonomic modulation of cardiovascular function. According to the specificity principle of training, each type of exercise causes specific adaptations. However, whether this concept also applies to HRV has not been established. The aim of this study was to compare the spectral components of HRV between endurance-trained and strength-trained young men. Material and methods: Cross sectional analytical descriptive study. Spectral components of HRV at rest were analysed from short records in 12 runners, 10 weight lifters and 11 not physically active control subjects. Results: Endurance-trained subjects showed the lowest values in the low frequency component (LF) and the highest values at high frequency (HF), but these differences were not statistically significant. Total spectral power was similar in all groups (P=.103), as well as the ratio of low frequency components divided into high frequency (LF/HF) (P=.094). Heart rate at rest in aerobically trained group was significantly lower compared to strength-trained group (P<.01) and controls (P<.001). Conclusions: The results showed no effect of long-term regular aerobic or anaerobic physical training, on spectral components of HRV. In our aerobically trained subjects, rest bradycardia was not explained by changes in the autonomic control of cardiovascular function(AU)

Carrera en plano inclinado y entrenamiento de saltos múltiples para desarrollar la potencia en baloncesto / Cuphill running and multiple jump exercises for power training in basketball

Se comparó el efecto del entrenamiento de carrera inclinada con un método de entrenamiento con saltos múltiples sobre la potencia en el salto en jugadores universitarios de baloncesto. Para tal fin, se realizó un estudio aleatorio comparativo en 20 sujetos de 23 años, desviación estándar 2,2 y de 182 cm de talla, desviación estándar 9 cm, los cuales se dividieron en dos grupos, uno de entrenamiento pliométrico (n = 10) y el otro de entrenamiento de carrera inclinada (n = 10). Se aplicaron test de campo, salto largo, salto vertical (Detent), salto vertical con un paso de impulso y Abalakov, antes de empezar el entrenamiento, en la semana 8 y en la semana 12. En el grupo de entrenamiento de carrera inclinada se encontraron diferencias significativas en los promedios del salto largo de la semana 8 y 12 (p=0,09 y p=0,03, respectivamente) y después de 12 semanas en el Detent (p=0,0722). Los hallazgos de este estudio indican que el entrenamiento de carrera inclinada es efectivo para incrementar la fuerza explosiva de jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto.

Running uphill as a training method was compared to multiple jumps to improve jumping power in young male basketball players. We carried out a randomized comparative study with 20 male players (23 ± 2,2 years and 182 ± 9 cm) who were randomly assigned to tbe plyometric (n= 10) or running uphill (n= 10) training groups. Jumping ability was determinate through field test (standing long jump, vertical jump, vertical jump with step, and Abalakow´s tests) before training and after 8/12 week post-training. Standing long jump results were significantly higher in the group practicing running uphill compared to plyometrics after 8/12 weeks of training (p=0,09 and p=0,03, respectively). Moreover, vertical jump results were also significantly higher after 12 weeks (p=0.0722). These findings show that running uphill is at least as effective, and even better than the multiple jumps training method for improving explosive strength in young male basketball players.