Half-life determination of 111Ag.

111Ag is a radionuclide that can be generated by neutron capture on 110Pd and whose decay properties and production feasibility make it a potential therapeutic agent against arthritis. Due to the discrepancies of recent published values of the half-life of 111Ag with previous published works which are not thoroughly documented for detailed experiment procedures and uncertainty budgets evaluation, an independent redetermination of the 111Ag half-life value is required. In this work, a solid 111Ag source was prepared and repeatedly measured in a high purity Germanium (HPGe) detector to determine its half-life. In total, more than fifty measurements were performed over a period of 26.3 days, corresponding to ∼3.5 half-lives of 111Ag. The experimental method and corresponding uncertainty budget are presented. The result of 7.419(15) days is consistent with the recently published value, 7.423(13) days, by Collins et al. and deviates by 0.418% from the currently recommended value 7.45(1) days. A new recommend half-life value of 7.437(7) days was determined utilizing all available experimental values by a power-moderated mean (PMM) method.

Determination of the half-life of 161Tb.

161Tb has potential applications in targeted radionuclide therapy and nuclear forensic science. However, the half-lives of 161Tb in previous studies show a discrepancy. In this study, 161Tb samples were produced by irradiating 160Gd2O3 with thermal neutron flux. A series of procedures were applied to extract a pure 161Tb solution and three solid samples were prepared. The half-life of 161Tb has been measured with a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The time-dependency of the 161Tb activity was followed by assessing the count rate of their characteristic gamma-ray emissions at 48.9 keV and 74.6 keV over a period of 33-43 days. The experiment and uncertainty budget are discussed in detail. Different uncertainty propagation equations were applied for random uncertainties, medium-frequency deviations and potential systematic errors. The result for the 161Tb half-life of 6.967 (11) d was determined by the weighted mean of half-lives from three samples, which confirms that the half-life is longer than the of the current evaluated half-life of 6.89 (2) d. From all available quoted experimental values, a recommended half-life of 6.934 (14) d was determined by the power-moderated method (PMM). Based on recent four published half-life values, a half-life of 161Tb of 6.9582 (33) d was determined by the PMM analysis.

Dynamic Risk Measures for Anticipated Backward Doubly Stochastic Volterra Integral Equations.

Inspired by the consideration of some inside and future market information in financial market, a class of anticipated backward doubly stochastic Volterra integral equations (ABDSVIEs) are introduced to induce dynamic risk measures for risk quantification. The theory, including the existence, uniqueness and a comparison theorem for ABDSVIEs, is provided. Finally, dynamic convex risk measures by ABDSVIEs are discussed.

Dynamic Risk Measures for Processes via Backward Stochastic Differential Equations Associated with Lévy Processes.

In this paper, we study the dynamic risk measures for processes induced by backward stochastic differential equations driven by Teugel's martingales associated with Lévy processes (BSDELs). The representation theorem for generators of BSDELs is provided. Furthermore, the time consistency of the coherent and convex dynamic risk measures for processes is characterized by means of the generators of BSDELs. Moreover, the coherency and convexity of dynamic risk measures for processes are characterized by the generators of BSDELs. Finally, we provide two numerical examples to illustrate the proposed dynamic risk measures.