Electrical Conductivity Boost: In Situ Polypyrrole Polymerization in Monolithically Integrated Surface-Supported Metal-Organic Framework Templates.

Recent progress in synthesizing and integrating surface-supported metal-organic frameworks (SURMOFs) has highlighted their potential in developing hybrid electronic devices with exceptional mechanical flexibility, film processability, and cost-effectiveness. However, the low electrical conductivity of SURMOFs has limited their use in devices. To address this, researchers have utilized the porosity of SURMOFs to enhance electrical conductivity by incorporating conductive materials. This study introduces a method to improve the electrical conductivity of HKUST-1 templates by in situ polymerization of conductive polypyrrole (PPy) chains within the SURMOF pores (named as PPy@HKUST-1). Nanomembrane-origami technology is employed for integration, allowing a rolled-up metallic nanomembrane to contact the HKUST-1 films without causing damage. After a 24 h loading period, the electrical conductivity at room temperature reaches approximately 5.10-6 S m-1 . The nanomembrane-based contact enables reliable electrical characterization even at low temperatures. Key parameters of PPy@HKUST-1 films, such as trap barrier height, dielectric constant, and tunneling barrier height, are determined using established conduction mechanisms. These findings represent a significant advancement in real-time control of SURMOF conductivity, opening pathways for innovative electronic-optoelectronic device development. This study demonstrates the potential of SURMOFs to revolutionize hybrid electronic devices by enhancing electrical conductivity through intelligent integration strategies.

Palliative care strategies in the management of people with serious cases of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the assistance strategies in palliative care developed in the COVID-19 pandemic for critically ill patients and their families. METHODS: an integrative review carried out in August 2021 and updated in April 2022 in the Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science databases, and presented in the PRISMA flowchart. RESULTS: thirteen works were selected for reading and content analysis, from which emerged the two main themes that reflect the reality evidenced in this context: The sudden advent of COVID-19 with impacts on palliative care; and The strategies used in palliative care to mitigate these impacts. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: palliative care is the best strategy for providing health care, used as a comfort to bring relief and comfort to patients and families.

Screening for acetylcholinesterase inhibition, lipid peroxidation inhibition and antioxidant activity of medicinal plants from Morocco / Detección de inhibición de acetilcolinesterasa, inhibición de peroxidación de lípidos y actividad antioxidante de plantas medicinales de Marruecos

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), hydrolyzes acetylcholine to choline and acetate, thereby terminating this neurotransmitter effect at cholinergic synapses. Therefore, AChE inhibition is used for counterbalance the cholinergic deficit in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. In the present work, in order to find new plant acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, the hydroalcoholic extracts from seventeen medicinal plant species were screened for their acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity, as well as total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoids contents (TFC) and antioxidant activity using ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) assay, and their ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The results revealed that Rumex acetosa, Taraxacum officinale and Hypericum perforatum extracts possessing the highest TPC and TFC, were the most effective in terms of ORAC antioxidant activity, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition, in addition to their ability to inhibit liposomes peroxidation, suggesting that those plant species may provide a substantial source of secondary metabolites, which act as natural antioxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and may be beneficial in the treatment of AD.

La acetilcolinesterasa (AChE) hidroliza la acetilcolina se hidroliza en colina y acetato, terminando así este efecto neurotransmisor en las sinapsis colinérgicas. Por lo tanto, la inhibición de la AChE se utiliza para contrarrestar el déficit colinérgico en pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). En el presente trabajo, con el fin de encontrar nuevos inhibidores de la acetilcolinesterasa vegetal, se analizaron los extractos hidroalcohólicos de diecisiete especies de plantas medicinales para determinar su actividad inhibidora de la acetilcolinesterasa, así como el contenido total de fenólicos (TPC) y flavonoides (TFC) y la actividad antioxidante utilizando ORAC (Capacidad de absorbancia de radicales de oxígeno) y su capacidad para inhibir la peroxidación de lípidos. Los resultados revelaron que los extractos de Rumexacetosa, Taraxacum officinale e Hypericum perforatum que poseen los más altos TPC y TFC, fueron los más efectivos en términos de actividad antioxidante ORAC e inhibición de acetilcolinesterasa, además de su capacidad para inhibir la peroxidación de los liposomas, sugiriendo que esas especies de plantas puede proporcionar una fuente sustancial de metabolitos secundarios, que actúan como antioxidantes naturales e inhibidores de la acetilcolinesterasa, y puede ser beneficioso en el tratamiento de la EA.

Palliative care strategies in the management of people with serious cases of COVID-19 / Estrategias de cuidados paliativos en el manejo de personas con casos graves de COVID-19 / Estratégias de cuidados paliativos no manejo de pessoas com casos graves da COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the assistance strategies in palliative care developed in the COVID-19 pandemic for critically ill patients and their families. Methods: an integrative review carried out in August 2021 and updated in April 2022 in the Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science databases, and presented in the PRISMA flowchart. Results: thirteen works were selected for reading and content analysis, from which emerged the two main themes that reflect the reality evidenced in this context: The sudden advent of COVID-19 with impacts on palliative care; and The strategies used in palliative care to mitigate these impacts. Final Considerations: palliative care is the best strategy for providing health care, used as a comfort to bring relief and comfort to patients and families.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar las estrategias asistenciales en cuidados paliativos desarrolladas en la pandemia de COVID-19 para pacientes críticos y sus familias. Métodos: revisión integradora, realizada en agosto de 2021 y actualizada en abril de 2022, en las bases de datos Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science, y presentado en el diagrama de flujo PRISMA. Resultados: se seleccionaron trece obras para lectura y análisis de contenido, de las cuales surgieron dos temas principales que reflejan la realidad evidenciada en este contexto: El advenimiento repentino de la COVID-19 con impactos en los cuidados paliativos; y Las estrategias utilizadas en cuidados paliativos para mitigar estos impactos. Consideraciones Finales: los cuidados paliativos son la mejor estrategia para brindar atención en salud, utilizados como un consuelo para brindar alivio y comodidad a los pacientes y familiares".

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as estratégias assistenciais em cuidados paliativos desenvolvidas na pandemia de COVID-19 aos pacientes graves e familiares. Métodos: revisão integrativa, realizada em agosto de 2021 e atualizada em abril de 2022, nas bases de dados Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science, e apresentadas no fluxograma PRISMA. Resultados: foram selecionados treze trabalhos para leitura e análise de conteúdo, dos quais emergiram as duas principais temáticas que traduzem a realidade evidenciada neste contexto: O advento súbito da COVID-19 com impactos nos cuidados paliativos; e, As estratégias utilizadas em cuidados paliativos para amenizar esses impactos. Considerações Finais: os cuidados paliativos se convergem na melhor estratégia de prestação de atendimento à saúde, usados como um acalento para trazer alívio e conforto aos pacientes e às famílias.

A keystone mutualism promotes resistance to invasion.

It is not uncommon for one or a few species, and their interactions, to have disproportionate effects on other species in ecological communities. Such keystone interactions might affect how communities respond to the invasion of non-native species by preventing or inhibiting the establishment, spread or impact of non-native species. We explore whether a keystone mutualism among a hummingbird-mistletoe-marsupial promotes ecological resistance to an invasive pollinator, the bumblebee Bombus terrestris, by comparing data collected at sites prior to bumblebee invasion to data collected 11 years after the invasion in sites with and without the keystone mutualism. We built pollination networks and focused on network motifs, regarded as building blocks of networks, to identify the central pollinators and estimate the change in their interactions after invasion of B. terrestris. We also estimated the interaction rewiring across the season in post-invasion networks and tested it as a possible mechanism explaining how the keystone mutualism increased ecological resistance to invasion. We found two times more species in post-invasion sites with the keystone mutualism than in post-invasion sites without the keystone mutualism. Moreover, we found that invasive bumblebee reduced the strength and interaction niche of the five central pollinator species while increasing its own strength and interaction niche, suggesting a replacement of interactions. Also, we found that the keystone mutualism promoted resistance to B. terrestris invasion by reducing its negative impacts on central species. In the presence of the keystone mutualism, central species had three times more direct interactions than in sites without this keystone mutualism. The higher interaction rewiring, after invasion of B. terrestris, in sites with the keystone mutualism indicates greater chances of central pollinators to form new interactions and reduces their competence for resources with the non-native bumblebee. Our results demonstrate that a keystone mutualism can enhance community resistance against the impacts of a non-native invasive pollinator by increasing species diversity and promoting interaction rewiring in the community. This study suggests that the conservation of mutualisms, especially those considered keystone, could be essential for long-term preservation of natural communities under current and future impacts of global change.

Es común que una o unas pocas especies y sus interacciones tengan efectos desproporcionado sobre otras especies en las comunidades. Estas especies y sus interacciones claves podrían afectar el modo en que las comunidades responden a la invasión de especies no nativas al prevenir o disminuir su establecimiento, su propagación o el impacto de las mismas. En este estudio evaluamos si un mutualismo clave entre un colibrí, un muérdago y un marsupial promueve la resistencia de la comunidad frente a un polinizador invasor, el abejorro Bombus terrestris, mediante la comparación de datos colectados en sitios previos a la invasión del abejorro y datos colectados 11 años después de su invasión, en sitios con y sin el mutualismo clave. Construimos redes ecológicas planta-polinizador y nos centramos en los modos de interacción ("interaction motifs"), los cuales son usados como bloques en la construcción de las redes, para identificar los polinizadores centrales y estimar el cambio en sus interacciones después de la invasión de B. terrestris. Además, en las redes posteriores a la invasión estimamos la reconexión de interacciones a lo largo de la temporada y la evaluamos como un posible mecanismo mediante la cual el mutualismo clave aumentó la resistencia a la invasión. En sitios posteriores a la invasión con el mutualismo clave encontramos dos veces más especies que en sitios posteriores a la invasión ausentes de éste. Además, en los sitios ausentes del mutualismo clave, encontramos que el abejorro invasor redujo la fuerza y el nicho de interacción de los cinco polinizadores centrales mientras incrementó su propia fuerza y nicho de interacciones, sugiriendo un reemplazo de interacciones. Asimismo, encontramos que el mutualismo clave promovió la resistencia de la comunidad a la invasión de B. terrestris al reducir sus impactos negativos sobre las especies centrales. En presencia del mutualismo clave, las especies centrales presentaron tres veces más interacciones directas que en sitios ausentes de esta interacción. La gran reconexión de interacciones encontrada en sitios posteriores a la invasión con el mutualismo clave indica mayores probabilidades de que los polinizadores centrales formen nuevas interacciones y reduzcan la competencia por recursos con el abejorro no nativo. Nuestros resultados demuestran que un mutualismo clave puede mejorar la resistencia de la comunidad frente a los impactos de especies invasoras al incrementar la diversidad de especies y promover la reconexión de interacciones en la comunidad. Este estudio sugiere que la conservación de las interacciones mutualistas, principalmente aquellas consideradas claves, podría ser esencial para preservar las comunidades naturales frente a los impactos del cambio global.

Cuidados paliativos: percepção da equipe multiprofissional atuante em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva / Palliative care: perception of the multiprofessional team working in an Intensive Care Unit

Este trabalho objetiva compreender a percepção da equipe multiprofissional atuante na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva sobre os cuidados paliativos. Trata-se de estudo exploratório, qualitativo. Os participantes foram 14 profissionais da equipe multiprofissional, atuantes na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um Hospital Municipal. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre julho e agosto de 2019, por meio de entrevista individual, semiestruturada, gravada e transcrita. Os dados foram processados no software Iramuteq e submetidos à análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados obtidos foram apresentados em três categorias: Cuidado paliativo: promoção do conforto na integralidade do indivíduo cuidado; Insegurança e fragmentação do cuidado paliativo: dificuldades da equipe multiprofissional; O profissional de saúde e o outro: integração com o paciente e família. Diante disso, os profissionais compreendem o cuidado paliativo como estratégia de promover o conforto e amenizar o sofrimento, respeitando a dignidade do paciente e o tratando como um ser integral e complexo.

This study aims to understand the perception about palliative care of the multiprofessional team working in an Intensive Care Unit. It is an exploratory, qualitative study. Participants were 14 professionals of the multiprofessional team, working in the Intensive Care Unit at a Municipal Hospital. Data collection was carried out between July and August 2019, through an individual, semi-structured, recorded and transcribed interview. Data were processed using the software Iramuteq, and submitted to content analysis proposed by Bardin. The obtained results were presented in three categories: Palliative care: promoting comfort in the integrality of the patient; Insecurity and fragmentation of palliative care: difficulties of the multiprofessional team; The Healthcare professional and the other: integration with the patient and family. Therefore, the professionals understand palliative care as a strategy to promote comfort and alleviate suffering, respecting patients' dignity and treating them as an complete and complex being.

Microbial diversity and chemical characteristics of Coffea canephora grown in different environments and processed by dry method.

This study aimed to assess the microbial diversity in Coffea canephora grown in four different environments of Espirito Santo state, Brazil. Coffee cherries of two different altitudes (300 and 600 m) and two terrain aspects (Southeast-facing and Northwest-facing slopes) were processed by the dry method. Samples were collected during the drying/fermentation process. Microorganisms were counted, isolated, and identified by MALDI-TOF, followed by sequencing of the ribosomal region. Sugars and organic acids were quantified by HPLC and volatile compounds of the roasted coffees were evaluated by GC-MS. Bacteria population presented a significant number of isolates as well as higher counts during the drying/fermentation process with respect to the population of yeasts. The principal genera of microorganisms found were Bacillus, Pichia, Candida, and Meyerozyma. Meyerozyma guilliermondii was the most frequent yeast in all environments. On the other hand, Pichia kluyveri was found only in coffee cherries from the 600 m altitude. The highest concentration of acetic and succinic acids observed was 6.06 mg/g and 0.84 mg/g, respectively. Sucrose concentrations ranged from 0.68 to 5.30 mg/g, fructose from 1.30 to 4.60 mg/g, and glucose from 0.24 to 1.25 mg/g. Thirty-six volatile compounds, belonging to the groups of pyrazines, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and furans were identified in roasted coffee, with differences between altitude and terrain aspects. Information about microbial diversity is crucial to better understand the coffee quality and distinct characteristics of coffee produced in different environments.

Evidências científicas sobre hérnia de disco na pessoa idosa / Scientific evidence on disk hernia in elderly person / Evidencia científica sobre el disco hernia en persona mayor

Objetivo: identificar as produções científicas sobre hérnia de disco na pessoa idosa. Método: protocolo de scoping review segundo o método do Joanna Briggs Institute com artigos das bases de dados CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, MEDLINE e ScienceDirect. Analisaram-se 10 artigos cujos critérios de inclusão foram investigações primárias e/ou secundárias, qualitativas e quantitativas escritos em inglês, português e espanhol, formando 3 categorias temáticas. O recorte do estudo foi delimitado a partir da observação na prática profissional dos pesquisadores sobre o aumento de casos de idosos com hérnia de disco. Resultados: a cirurgia representa constante indicação médica para o tratamento da hérnia de disco. Conclusão:a lombalgia decorrente da hérnia de disco é uma frequente causa de incapacidade nos adultos e idosos com protocolos cirúrgicos constantes, principalmente quando há compressão neural. No entanto, estudos mostram a possibilidade de regressão quando os pacientes são submetidos aos tratamentos conservadores

Objective: to identify scientific productions about herniated discs in the elderly. Method: scoping review protocol according to the Joanna Briggs Institute method with articles from the CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases. Were analyzed 10 articles whose inclusion criteria were primary and / or secondary, qualitative and quantitative investigations written in English, Portuguese and Spanish, forming 3 thematic categories. The study was delimited based on the observation in the professional practice of researchers about the increase in cases of elderly people with herniated discs. Results:surgery is a constant medical indication for the treatment of herniated discs. Conclusion: low back pain due to herniated discs is a frequent cause of disability in adults and the elderly with constant surgical protocols, especially when there is neural compression. However, studies show the possibility of regression when patients are submitted to conservative treatments

Objetivo: identificar producciones científicas sobre hernias discales en ancianos. Método: protocolo de revisión del alcance según el método del Instituto Joanna Briggs con artículos de las bases de datos CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, MEDLINE y ScienceDirect. Se analizaron 10 artículos cuyos criterios de inclusión fueron investigaciones primarias y / o secundarias, cualitativas y cuantitativas escritas en inglés, portugués y español, formando 3 categorías temáticas. El estudio se delimitó en función de la observación en la práctica profesional de los investigadores sobre el aumento de casos de personas mayores con discos herniados. Resultados: la cirugía representa una indicación médica constante para el tratamiento de discos herniados. Conclusión:el dolor lumbar debido a discos herniados es una causa frecuente de discapacidad en adultos y ancianos con protocolos quirúrgicos constantes, especialmente cuando hay compresión neural. Sin embargo, los estudios muestran la posibilidad de regresión cuando los pacientes son sometidos a tratamientos conservadores

The use of mesophilic and lactic acid bacteria strains as starter cultures for improvement of coffee beans wet fermentation.

The use of starter cultures during food fermentation aims to standardize the process and to obtain a higher quality product. The objectives were to study mesophilic bacteria (MB) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from wet coffee processing and evaluate their performance in a pulped coffee medium. Eighty-six bacteria isolates (59 MB and 27 LAB) were assessed for pectinolytic activity, metabolite production, and pH value decrease in coffee-based culture (CPM). Seven bacteria strains (3 MB and 4 LAB) were selected and used as starter cultures in the wet fermentation of pulped coffee. The MB and LAB populations varied from 4.48 to 8.43 log CFU g-1 for MB and 3.54 to 8.72 log CFU g-1 for LAB during fermentation. Organic acid concentration (ranged from 0.01 to 0.53 for succinic acid; 0.71 to 8.14 for lactic acid and 0.06 to 0.29 for acetic acid), and volatile compounds (44 compounds were detected in green beans and 98 in roasted beans) were evaluated during fermentation. The most abundant compounds found in roasted beans belong to furans [15], ketones and esters [14], pyridines [13], and pyrazines [12]). Leuconostoc mesenteroides CCMA 1105 and Lactobacillus plantarum CCMA 1065 presented volatile compounds important for coffee aroma. Isovaleric acid; 2,3-butanediol; phenethyl alcohol; ß-linalool; ethyl linoleate; and ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate could improve cupping qualities.

Características epidemiológicas y diagnóstico de brucelosis en pacientes del instituto de medicina tropical, periodo 2017-2019 / Epidemiological characteristics and diagnosis of brucellosis in patients of the tropical medicine institute period 2017-2019

La brucelosis es una zoonosis que en humanos está relacionada íntimamente con la enfermedad en animales domésticos y de interés económico. Presenta 2 patrones: urbano-alimentario (consumo de leche y quesos no pasteurizados) y el rural-laboral (exposición profesional al ganado infectado). El objetivo consistió en conocer las características epidemiológicas y las técnicas que arriban al diagnóstico de Brucelosis, en un consultorio del Instituto de Medicina Tropical, del 2017 al 2019. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo y corte transverso. Se realizó el análisis de 44 pacientes con diagnóstico de Brucelosis. El 25 % de los pacientes requirieron internación. El rango de edad estuvo entre 7 a 61 años, con una media de 29 años, y una moda de 22. Las puertas de entrada fueron: por contacto con cabras positivas en el campo de práctica, faenadores, veterinarios, vacunadores, y por ingesta de leche sin pasteurizar. Las muestras serológicas por reacción de Huddleson fueron positivas a bajas diluciones; Aglutinación en tubo: 31 muestras positivas; aglutinación con 2 mercaptoetanol: 11 muestras positivas. Se llegó a la identificación de cepas Brucella melitensis biotipo 1: en 13 pacientes. Nuestro estudio indica la presencia de brucelosis humana, fundamentalmente por contacto directo debido a razones profesionales y /o laborales. La vigencia de Brucelosis deriva de una situación endémica en el ganado, y por tanto se deberán intensificar las medidas del saneamiento del ganado (vacunación) y la educación de la población de riesgo.

Brucellosis is a zoonosis in humans that is closely related to the disease in domestic and of economic interest- animals. It presents 2 main patterns: urban-alimentary (for consumption of unpasteurized milk and cheeses) and the rural-occupational (for professional exposure to infected cattle). The objective was to know the frequency of cases and the different laboratory techniques that arrives to the diagnosis of Brucellosis, in the Tropical Medicine Institute (IMT by its acronym in Spanish) during the period of 2017 to 2019. It has been made a descriptive and cross-sectional investigation. It was based on the analysis of 44 patients diagnosed with Brucellosis. 25% of the patients (11) required hospitalization. The age range was between 7 to 61 years, with a mean of 29 years old and a mode of 22. The portals of entry were: by contact with positive goats in the field of practice, slaughterhouses, veterinarians, vaccinators, and consume of unpasteurized milk. The serological samples by Huddleson reaction were positive with low dilutions; tube agglutination: 31 positive samples; agglutination with 2 mercaptoethanol: 11 positive samples. Biotype 1 of Brucella melitensis: identified in 13 patients. Our study indicates the existence of human brucellosis, mainly through direct contact due to professional and/or occupational reasons. This incidence must derive from an endemic situation in cattle, and therefore the measures of sanitation of cattle (vaccination) and education of the population at risk should be intensified

Conocimientos sobre Enfermedad de Chagas y Triatoma infestans en Pobladores del Departamento de San Pedro, Paraguay 2019 / Knowledge about Chagas disease and Triatoma infestans in inhabitants of the Department of San Pedro, Paraguay 2019

La tripanosomiasis americana o enfermedad de Chagas, producida por el protozoo hemoflagelado Trypanosoma cruzi. En Paraguay el principal vector Triatoma infestans ("vinchuca" o "chichã guasu") es considerado, en términos sociales y económicos, una de las enfermedades parasitarias más importantes que pueden desencadenar complicaciones graves cardiológicas. Durante el Periodo 2014 al 2017 en el Departamento de San Pedro se registraron 302 casos de Enfermedad de Chagas detectados por serología. El objetivo del estudio estuvo dirigido a investigar el nivel de conocimiento de la población que, por su forma de vida, presentan factores de riesgo. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa exploratoria, con enfoque hermenéutico. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 41 familias que residen en comunidades del Departamento de San Pedro, que se encuentran entre 15 km a 40 km de zonas urbanas, a quienes se le realizo una entrevista semi-estructurada en profundidad. Entre los resultados obtenidos se evidenció que: La mayoría de los pobladores de la zona conocen al triatoma y lo pudieron observar cuando eran niños y algunos afirman haber sido picados, pudiendo así describir la morfología y otras características del vector; la mayoría desconoce la sintomatología producida por el T. cruzi, pero tienen un conocimiento básico relacionado a la enfermedad.

The american trypanosomiasis, also known as Chagas disease, is caused by an hemophlagelated protozoo called Trypanosoma cruzi. In Paraguay, the most relevant vector is Triatoma infestans (vinchuca or "chichã guasu") is considered, in social and economic terms, one of the most important parasitic diseases which may cause severe cardiological complications. Since 2014 till 2017, in San Pedro´s department, have been registered 302 cases of Chagas disease, all detected by serology. The objective of this study was directed to investigate the degree of knowledge of the population that, because of their lifestyles, presents risk factors. It has been made a qualitative-exploratory investigation, with hermeneutic focus. The population studied was made up for 41 families which reside in communities of San Pedro´s department, that are located around 15/40 km of urban zones. They all had a deep semi-structured interview. The results showed that: most of the settlers know triatoma and could observe it when they were children and also some of them affirm have been chopped, being able to describe the morphology and other characteristics of the vector. Most of the interviewed unknown the symptomatology produced by T. cruzi, but have the basic knowledge related with this disease.

Coffee growing altitude influences the microbiota, chemical compounds and the quality of fermented coffees.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different altitudes on the epiphytic microbiota of coffee beans and on sensorial and chemical quality of coffees grown at 800, 1000, 1200, and 1400 m in Serra do Caparaó, Espírito Santo, Brazil. For microbiological analysis, the population counts of mesophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and yeasts were performed from the surface plating. The isolates were grouped and identified from the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and sequencing of the ribosomal region was used. The chemical composition of the green grains was evaluated by Raman spectroscopy, and the sensory analysis of the roasted grains was performed using temporal dominance of sensations (TDS). During fermentation, there was a decrease in the LAB in pulped coffee from 800 and 1000 m altitude, while an increase was observed at 1200 and 1400 m. In natural coffee, there was an increase of LAB population at all altitudes. The highest diversity of mesophilic bacteria and yeast were identified in natural 1400 m and 1000 m, respectively. However pulped coffee treatments it was at 1200 m and 800 m. The chlorogenic acid and fatty acids in the green bean changed with altitude variation and processing. The floral attribute was detected only at altitude 1400 m. Caramel, chocolate and almond attributes were most frequently detected in coffees at different altitudes and processing. Therefore, pulped coffee processing was most suitable at low altitude while at high altitudes, both processes can be conducted to obtain a beverage with unusual sensory profile.

The effectiveness of an online training program in a nursing unit: extraction of blood cultures. / Efectividad de un programa de formación online en una unidad de enfermería: extracción de hemocultivos.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of an online training platform for procedures among nurses in an internal medicine unit to reduce the number of contaminated blood cultures. METHOD: This was a quasi-experimental pre-post intervention parallel group study. The sample consisted of internal medicine nurses in a tertiary hospital who participated in an online training program about blood culture extraction technique. Knowledge about the technique was measured pre- and post-intervention. Additionally, the study compared the number of blood cultures taken 6 months before and 3 months after the intervention. RESULTS: Forty-eight nurses participated. Pre-intervention knowledge was homogeneous among both groups, improving significantly after the online training program (p=0.0001). The blood cultures taken prior to the training showed contamination levels above international standards; post-intervention, contamination levels fell by up to 3% in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: The educational intervention using the digital platform increased knowledge about the procedure and its application in clinical practice.

Percepção dos enfermeiros sobre estratificação de risco em saúde mental e as ações de enfermagem / Nurses' perception of the stratification of risk in mental health and the nursing actions

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer a percepção do enfermeiro sobre o instrumento de estratificação de risco em saúde mental e quais ações de enfermagem são ofertadas ao paciente classificado como baixo risco. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo-exploratório, realizado em quatorze Unidades Básicas, de município do Noroeste do Paraná. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se entrevista aberta, com vinte e cinco entrevistados. Foram elencadas três categorias: Ações em saúde mental realizadas pelos enfermeiros da ESF; Instrumento de estratificação de risco em saúde mental: potencialidades e fragilidades e Dificuldades das Equipes da ESF em saúde mental. Conclui-se que as ações desenvolvidas envolvem grupos de escuta e acolhimento, convivência, atividades de leitura e apoio matricial do NASF e como fragilidades destaca-se a dificuldade da aplicação do instrumento de estratificação de risco, excesso de encaminhamentos para especialistas e falta de tempo e afinidade em saúde mental. (AU)

The present study aimed to know the nurses' perception of the risk stratification instrument in mental health and which nursing actions are offered to the patient classified as low risk. It is a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study, carried out in fourteen Basic Units, in the municipality of the Northwest of Paraná. For data collection, an open interview was used, with twenty-five interviewees.Three categories were listed: Mental health actions performed by the Family Health Strategy (ESF) nurses; Mental health risk stratification instrument: strengths and weaknesses, and difficulties ESF teams have when dealing with mental health. It is concluded that the actions developed involve listening and embracement groups, coexistence, reading activities, and support from the Family Health Support Center (NASF), and the weaknesses include the difficulty of applying the risk stratification instrument, excessive referrals to specialists, and lack of time and affinity in mental health. (AU)

Production of coffee (Coffea arabica) inoculated with yeasts: impact on quality.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCMA 0200 and Torulaspora delbrueckii CCMA 0684 in Mundo Novo and Catuaí varieties processed by the wet method and the impact on sensory quality and compounds profile. The microbiota was evaluated by surface plating, and the compounds were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sensorial analysis was performed using the cupping test (Specialty Coffee Association). RESULTS: T. delbrueckii CCMA 0684 was better adapted to the process and remained for up to 72 h of drying. Eighteen volatile compounds were detected in green coffee and 75 in roasted coffee. 2-Furanmethanol propanoate and 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine were identified only in the inoculated treatments, and these are important contributors to the coffee aroma. All treatments received scores greater than 80 in the sensory analysis. CONCLUSION: T. delbrueckii CCMA 0684 presented better results in relation to the sensorial analysis and is preferable for the varieties and processing method studied. The use of starter cultures is a viable method with which to obtain high-quality coffees with a distinct flavor and thus add to value to the product. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cartilha para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas no domicílio / Booklet for prevention of falls in the elderly at home

A natureza complexa e multifatorial das quedas na pessoa idosa e seus determinantes podem ser atribuídos a fatores intrínsecos, que são próprios do indivíduo, e a fatores extrínsecos, que estão relacionados aos aspectos sociais e ambientais. Desta forma é de fundamental importância realizar modificações nos ambientes domésticos de forma a minimizar os perigos, além da necessidade de promover a saúde, prevenir doenças e incapacidades do idoso com o objetivo de diminuir os riscos que possam propiciar quedas. O presente estudo busca contribuir no campo da pesquisa e na assistência à pessoa idosa, fazendo um levantamento acerca da prevalência de quedas de pessoas idosas no ambiente domiciliar, apontando as possíveis causas e consequências, no intuito de elaborar uma cartilha educativa para a prevenção das quedas no domicílio. Diante disso, torna-se importante o estudo e intervenção fisioterapêutica na saúde do idoso. Assim, uma cartilha educativa a ser utilizada pelo idoso, familiares e/ou cuidador servirá como guia de orientação para prevenção

Acidentes por quedas domiciliares em pessoas idosas: uma revisão integrativa / Accidents caused by home falls in the elderly: an integrative review

Conhecer o local de ocorrência da queda é importante para identificar fatores extrínsecos que predispõem à ocorrência da mesma e elaborar medidas preventivas. No entanto, nem sempre os episódios de quedas entre os idosos são identificados, seja pela subnotificação no autorrelato dos 145 idosos por esquecimento, ou mesmo por não chegarem a procurar um serviço em saúde. É de extrema importância realizar modificações nos ambientes domésticos de forma a diminuir os perigos, além da necessidade de promover a saúde, prevenir doenças e incapacidades do idoso com o objetivo de minimizar os riscos que possam propiciar quedas

Xylose fermentation to ethanol by new Galactomyces geotrichum and Candida akabanensis strains.

The conversion of pentoses into ethanol remains a challenge and could increase the supply of second-generation biofuels. This study sought to isolate naturally occurring yeasts from plant biomass and determine their capabilities for transforming xylose into ethanol. Three yeast strains with the ability to ferment xylose were isolated from pepper, tomato and sugarcane bagasse. The strains selected were characterized by morphological and auxanographic assays, and they were identified by homology analysis of 5.8 S and 26 S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. The identities of two lineages of microrganism were associated with Galactomyces geotrichum, and the other was associated with Candida akabanensis. Fermentative processes were conducted with liquid media containing only xylose as the carbon source. YP/S values for the production of ethanol ranging between 0.29 and 0.35 g g-1 were observed under non-optimized conditions.

Microbial community and physicochemical dynamics during the production of 'Chicha', a traditional beverage of Indigenous people of Brazil.

The microbial community of artisanal corn fermentation called Chicha were isolated, purified and then identified using protein profile by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and confirmed by partial ribosomal gene sequencing. Samples from Chicha beverage were chemically characterized by gas and liquid chromatography (HPLC and GC-MS). Aerobic mesophilic bacteria (AMB) (35.8% of total of isolated microorganisms), lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (21.6%) and yeast (42.6%) were identified. Species of the genera Klebsiella, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Enterobacter, and Weissella were identified. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Candida metapsilosis, and C. bohicensis were the yeasts found. The LAB isolates detected were responsible for the high concentrations of lactic acid found during the fermentation process (1.2 g L- 1), which is directly related to the decrease in pH values (from 6.95 to 3.70). Maltose was the main carbohydrate detected during corn fermentation (7.02 g L- 1 with 36 h of fermentation). Ethanol was found in low concentrations (average 0.181 g L- 1), making it possible to characterize the beverage as non-alcoholic. Twelve volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography; belonging to the groups acids, alcohols aldehydes, acetate and others. MALDI-TOF was successfully used for identification of microbiota. Weissella confusa and W. cibaria were detected in the final product (after 36 h of fermentation), W. confusa is often classified as probiotic and deserve further application studies.