ABSTRACT
This paper aims to develop a Spanish version of the Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale (MFODS) and explore its psychometric properties. The MFODS includes eight independent subscales that measure specific aspects of fear of death. A total of 677 participants (Mage= 35.9, SD= 14.47), grouped into three samples (undergraduate students and adults from training and employment workshops, people with mental disorders, and social care providers), responded to the Spanish version of the MFODS and to two instruments to assess attitudes towards death. The factor structure obtained supported structural stability. A high order bi-factorial structure appeared. Both internal consistency and reliability indices were obtained. A moderated convergent validity was calculated. These results justify the usefulness of MFODS to assess attitudes towards death among Spaniards
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Attitude to Death , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Fear/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Sensitivity and Specificity , TranslationsABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to analyze sex and cohort differences in ranking-emphasis on values measured using the Rokeach Value Survey in two groups of 122 adult and 150 young participants. Results indicate differences between cohorts in two-thirds of the final values and half of the instrumental values, and sex differences in seven final values and four instrumental values, showing a change in relevant values mostly in females. The results are discussed from the perspective of socio-cultural change that has taken place in Spain in the last decades and from the perspective of change in values in postmodern western society (AU)
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Subject(s)
Humans , Social Values , Conduct Disorder/psychology , Postmodernism , Sex Distribution , Cohort StudiesABSTRACT
The study of the attitudes towards the oldness and the aging is important due to its repercussion in the behavior of the aged people and their physical and psychological health. In this study an instrument adapted to the old population is elaborated to measure the ageist attitudes that have the old people about their own process of the oldness and the aging. The sample composes 117 resident greater people in the island of Tenerife, with an average age of 68 years, without cognitive deterioration and with functional autonomy in their daily life. The results indicate a bifactorial structure for the Scale on the Prejudice Towards the Oldness and the Aging (PREJ-ENV), as well as a positive significant relation between the index of well-being and the factors of positive prejudice, and between the malaise and the negative factors of prejudice. The clinical utility for the evaluation of the ageist attitudes in its affective component is discussed (AU)
El estudio de las actitudes hacia la vejez y el envejecimiento es importante debido a su repercusión en la conducta de los ancianos y en su salud tanto física como psicológica. En este estudio se elabora un instrumento adaptado a la población anciana para medir el componente afectivo-emocional de las actitudes viejistas que poseen las personas ancianas acerca de la vejez y su propio proceso de envejecimiento. La muestra la componen 117 personas mayores residentes en la isla de Tenerife, con una edad media de 68 años, sin deterioro cognitivo y con autonomía funcional en su vida diaria. Los resultados indican una estructura bifactorial para la Escala sobre el Prejuicio hacia la Vejez y el Envejecimiento (PREJ-ENV), así como una relación positiva significativa entre los índices de bienestar y los factores positivos del prejuicio, y también relación positiva entre el malestar y los factores negativos del prejuicio. Se discute la utilidad clínica del instrumento para la evaluación de las actitudes viejistas en su componente afectivo (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ageism/psychology , Aged/psychology , Attitude , Intention , Aging/psychology , Prejudice/psychology , Psychometrics/instrumentation , AffectABSTRACT
This study ams to present the psychometric properties of the CONDUC-ENV questionnaire. It is a questionnaire that evaluates the perception of ageism behaviors by older persons. The sample consists of 117 people over the age of 52 years (107 women, 10 men) without health problems and with a high degree of autonomy. Factorial analysis results reflect the ageism behaviors are grouped into other negative and positive factors. The differential analysis indicates that the sample of this study does not perceive ageism negative discrimination by the rest of the population. Also, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire are acceptable and it is offered as a useful tool for research (AU)
Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario CONDUC-ENV. Se trata de un cuestionario que evalúa la percepción de conductas viejistas por parte de las personas mayores. La muestra está compuesta por 117 personas mayores de 52 años (107 mujeres, 10 hombres) sin problemas de salud y con alto grado de autonomía. Los resultados de los análisis factoriales reflejan que las conductas viejistas se agrupan en factores positivos y otros negativos. Los análisis diferenciales indican que la muestra de este estudio no percibe discriminación negativa viejista por parte del resto de la población. Asimismo, las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario resultan aceptables y se ofrece como un instrumento útil para la investigación (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Ageism/psychology , Self Concept , Aged/psychology , Middle Aged/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Today, ageism study doesn´t use test that assessed this attitude 30 years ago, and there is not any definition for this -ism. 112 older adults (94 female and 18 male), who were living in the community, were asked to complete two of these tests assessing aging perceptions. The present study shows real factor structures for both instruments, comparing them with original structures. Reliability, temporal stability and convergent validity data are included. Ageism have positive and negative cognitive factors, like Jano, with 63% of variance and Cronbachs alpha of 0.63 for positive atti- tude big factor and 0.46 for negative attitude big factor. Gender differences appeared for last factor (female scored higher than male). These results support the viability of two old instruments to assess real attitudes, and give evidence for duality and multifactorial composition of ageism (AU)
El estudio contemporáneo de las actitudes viejistas ha dejado de lado instrumentos que ya las evaluaban hace más de 30 años sin haber llegado a una delimitación unánime del viejismo. Dos de esos cuestionarios, que miden percepciones del envejecimiento y la vejez, han sido cumplimentados por 112 ancianos (94 mujeres y 18 hombres) que viven en la comunidad. Este estudio presenta las estructuras factoriales contemporáneas de ambos y se comparan con las estructuras originales, aportando además datos de consistencia interna, validez convergente y estabilidad transtemporal. Los factores cognitivos del viejismo se agrupan en torno a las dos caras de Jano explicando un 63% de la varianza y con alfas de Cronbach de 0.63 para el superfactor de actitudes positivas y 0.46 para el de actitudes negativas. Es en esta última gran área donde aparecen diferencias intergénero, puntuando más alto las mujeres. Estos resultados apoyan la viabilidad y vigencia de lo viejo para evaluar lo contemporáneo y proporcionan evidencia de la dualidad y multifactorialidad de los estereotipos viejistas (AU)