Association of Physical Educators' Socialization Experiences and Confidence with Respect to Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program Implementation.

Comprehensive school physical activity programs (CSPAPs) are recommended to support physical education (PE) and increase the amount of physical activity (PA) youth receive each day. However, adoption of CSPAPs in the United States is low. PE teachers are well positioned to lead the implementation of CSPAPs, but research is needed to better understand (a) PE teachers' confidence to assume the multiple roles involved with CSPAP implementation and (b) the factors that are associated with such confidence. This study examined PE teachers' role breadth self-efficacy (RBSE) as a measure of PE teachers' CSPAP-related confidence and its association with seminal life experiences as framed within teacher socialization theory. A survey was emailed to a stratified-random sample of 2976 PE teachers and distributed on social media, garnering a total of 259 responses. Exploratory structural equation modeling supported a three-factor solution for teacher socialization variables (acculturation, professional socialization and organizational socialization), in line with the theoretical framework, and a single factor solution for RBSE. Professional socialization and organizational socialization were significant predictors of RBSE, and qualitative data from open-ended survey questions supported these relationships. The results highlight the importance of preservice teacher education and current employment contexts in PE teachers' CSPAP-related confidence.

Establishment of Nurse Manager Leadership Competencies to Support Clinicians in Evidence-Based Practice.

OBJECTIVE: This 2-part study was conducted to validate nurse manager (NM) leadership competencies that support clinicians in using evidence-based practice (EBP). BACKGROUND: Numerous studies validate the critical need for NM support among clinicians seeking to engage in EBP. METHODS: In phase 1, a Delphi study was conducted to establish the validity of a set of NM leadership competencies that support EBP. In phase 2, descriptive analyses, tests of significance, and reliability coefficients were used to assess reliability. RESULTS: An expert panel achieved consensus on a set of 22 NM leadership competencies that constitute effective support for EBP. Further quantitative analyses demonstrated excellent levels of internal consistency and overall consistent outcomes across time. CONCLUSION: A valid set of 22 NM leadership competencies with evidence of reliability that successfully support clinicians to engage in EBP in clinical settings was established.