Promotion of Burn Wound Healing by Local Application of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An Experimental Study.

Background:The burn wound is one of the health problems in the world that affects physical and mental health. Today, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have received medical attention for their accessibility and the ability to reproduce and repair. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of ADSCs on burn wound healing. Methods : The present experimental study was performed on 36 male Wistar rats divided into 1 control group and 3 experimental groups. The second-degree burns with a radius of 10 mm were induced after anesthesia. ADSCs and Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) were injected into the dermis around the burn area in the ADSCs and DMEM groups, respectively. Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) ointment was applied topically once daily as the SSD group. The control group did not receive any treatment. The rats were evaluated for 21 days. Wound healing rate, histopathological parameters, and the number of fibroblasts were evaluated by the immunofluorescence technique and vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) gene expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The results were entered into SPSS software (SPSS Inc) and analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance and repeated measures analysis. Results: The number of fibroblasts, the number of vessels, TGF-ß, and VEGF gene expression in the burn area were significantly higher in the ADSCs group than in the SSD, DMEM, and control groups. The results also showed that the amount of inflammation was significantly lower in the ADSCs group compared with the control group (p<0.001). Moreover, the percentage of wound recovery was significantly higher in the ADSCs group compared with other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: ADSCs accelerate and improve burn wound healing by affecting fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and inflammatory cells as well as increasing the expression of the TGF-ß and VEGF genes, and thus increase in angiogenesis.

Comparison of the Effect of Adipocyte-derived Stem Cells and Curcumin Nanoliposomes with Phenytoin on Open Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats.

BACKGROUND: Reducing the healing time of wounds can decrease the patient's immobility time and their medical costs, leading a faster return of the patients to daily work. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to compare the effect of adipose-derived stem cells and curcumin- containing liposomal nanoparticles with phenytoin on wound healing. METHODS: After anesthesia of the rats, open skin ulcers were made by a bistoury blade. Subsequently, stem cells were removed from the adipose tissue of the upper border of the epididymis. The originality of stem cells was then confirmed by the flow cytometry. The fusion method was used to prepare the liposome; and also, nanoliposomal particles were confirmed by using the DLS microscope. The percentage of recovery and the cell count was measured with IMAGEJ. The expression of genes was assessed by PCR. The number of fibroblasts was counted by immunohistochemistry techniques. The amount of collagen was determined by Tri-chromosome staining, and the number of capillaries was enumerated by H & E staining. RESULTS: The expression of the TGF-β1 gene, vascular number, wound healing rate and the number of fibroblasts increased significantly in adipose tissue-derived stem cells and curcumin nanoliposome groups (p<0.05); the wound surface was also decreased significantly (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Based on the results of our research, adipose tissue-derived stem cells and curcumin nanoliposomes can heal wounds efficiently.

Assess the annual effective dose and contribute to risk of lung cancer caused by internal radon 222 in 22 regions of Tehran, Iran using geographic information system.

Radon gas is one of the most influential sources of indoor exposure. All its physical properties together make it a significant risk factor for lung cancer in the population. The research aims are outlined as (1) to measure the radon concentration in Tehran city and compare results with the international standards (2) to determine spatial distribution of radon gas concentration using Geographical Information System (GIS) software and (3) to estimate the annual effective dose and potential risk of lung cancer by radon-222 in Tehran city. In this study, 800 Alpha Track detectors were installed in houses in 22 regions of Tehran city and retrieved after 3 months. The measurements were repeated for spring and summer and autumn seasons. The annual effective dose and risk of lung cancer were assessed using standard equations. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Result showed the minimum and maximum radon concentration were observed in and Ghalee-kobra (0.13 Bq.m-3) and Charbagh-ponak district (661.11 Bq.m-3) respectively. There was no observed relationship between radon concentration and houses' model, cracking condition and constructionn materials. Expectedly, the storehouses and basements had significantly higher (P = 0.016) radon concentration than occupied rooms. The min and max of the estimated annual effective dose were 0.65 and 2.03 mSv, respectively. Result showed that around 5% of the sampling sites had higher level of radon than the maximum allowed by EPA. A rough estimation of the expected radon-attributed lung cancer incidences yielded approximately 5958 cases in the total population of Tehran every year. In view of the growing trend in cancer incidences, appropriate measures addressing radon should be undertaken in areas of increased exposure to this noble gas.

Evaluation of skeletal age based on Greulich-Pyle method in Tehran.

Although bone age plays a special role in determining the child's age, there are some variations in skeletal growth of different people. The aim of this study was to compare the bone age with chronological age of children aged 2-18 years old in order to recognize whether Greulich-Pyle (GP) method could be reliable for Iranian children? The standard radiograph of Left hand was taken in 40 healthy subjects, then the bone age was determined according to GP. Mean ±â€¯SD bone ages were delayed 1.12 ±â€¯0.65, 0.82 ±â€¯1.34 and 0.10 ±â€¯0.51 years than the mean chronological ages in 2.99-5.99, 10-13.99 and 14-17.99 age group, respectively; and advanced -0.33 ±â€¯3.12 years in the 6-9.99 age group. In BMI levels <18.5, 18.5-24.9, 25-29.9 and ≥30, Mean ±â€¯SD bone ages in males were delayed 2.25 ±â€¯0.21, 0.14 ±â€¯0.55, 0.87 ±â€¯0.41 and 4.05 ±â€¯0.70 years than the mean chronological ages, respectively. In BMI range of 18.5-24.9 and BMI ≥ 30, Mean ±â€¯SD bone age in females was delayed 0.50 ±â€¯0.49 and 0.45 ±â€¯0.63 years than the mean chronological ages, respectively. For BMI < 18.5, Mean ±â€¯SD bone age in females were advanced -0.40 ±â€¯2.69 years than mean chronological ages. Considering these differences, Iranian boys may have a different pattern of bone growth from GP standards.

Radioprotective effects of vitamin A against gamma radiation in mouse bone marrow cells.

Radioprotectors by neutralizing the effects of free radicals, reduce the destructive effects of radiation. In this protocol article, the radioprotectory effect of vitamin A on micronuclei induced by gamma radiation was evaluated using micronucleus test. Vitamin A was injected intraperitoneally at 100 and 400 mg/kg two hours before 2 Gray (Gy) of gamma radiation. Animals were sacrificed after 24 h, and then specimens of the bone marrow were smeared and stained. The number of micronuclei were counted in polychromatic cells. Both dosage of vitamin A reduced the micronucleus in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCE) level, which is statistically significant. The appropriate amount of vitamin A for protection in mice is 100 mg/kg, which protect the bone marrow of mice against clastogenic effects of radiation. The results of the study showed that vitamin A, possibly with an antioxidant mechanism, eliminates the effects of free radicals from ionizing radiation on bone marrow cells and reduces genetic damage. •The data of radioprotective effects of vitamin A showed that administration of 100 mg/kg vitamin A to mice prior to 2 Gy of gamma radiation has reduced the micronucleus levels in PCE cells by a factor of 2.62.•Administration of 100 mg/kg vitamin A, which is much smaller than LD50 of vitamin A (LD50 for intraperitoneal injection = 1510 ± 240 mg/kg) can protect mice.•Vitamin A reduces the harmful effects of ionizing radiation on DNA, due to the antioxidant activity and the trapping of free radicals produced by radiation, and diminish the genetic damage caused by radiation.•Vitamin A has no effect on the proliferation and differentiation rate of bone marrow cells.

Assessment of UV radiation emitted by linear fluorescent lamps in Iran.

The aim of the study was to evaluate ultraviolet (UV) radiation emitted from linear fluorescent lamps widely used in Iran. This study was conducted on 40 linear fluorescent lamps (15 different brands) with different wattages. The UV radiation was measured at 2, 5, 20, 50, 150 cm for one, 5, 30, 60 min in 2 spectral values i.e. UVC (100 ≤ wavelength ≤ 280) and UVA (300 ≤ wavelength ≤ 400). Data analysis was carried out by SPSS version 18. There is a significant relationship between measured values at 2, 5, 20, 50, 150 cm with measured values of UVA at 2, 5, 20, 50,150 cm (P < 0.05). There was no significant relationship at other measured amounts (P > 0.05). The results showed that the intensity of UVA emitted from the lamps was less than the permissible limit at all distances. However, this value is higher than the permissible limit for UVC at 150 cm.

Data on excessive risk of cancer from gamma radiation in residents of Bojnurd city.

The aim of the data was to measure the absorbed dose of gamma radiation in order to estimate the excessive risk of cancer-induced gamma radiation during the lifetime of Bojnurd residents. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, gamma radiations in 30 places was measured in Bojnurd City during four seasons in 2015. A dosimeter was stacked on a tripod at 1 m from the ground for 50 minutes, and then, the absorbed dose of gamma radiation was recorded in the checklist. Ultimately, the effective dose and the excessive lifetime risk of cancer were determined. The mean ± SE of absorbed dose of gamma radiation in spring, summer, autumn, winter was 134.25 ± 1.45; 139.89 ± 1.64; 134.40 ± 1.25; 143.80 ± 1.73 nGy, respectively. The average annual effective dose by residents in open space was estimated at an average of 0.167 mSv. Also, the excessive risk of cancer-induced gamma radiation was equal to 0.67 × 10-3. The annual effective dose and the excessive risk of cancer-induced gamma radiation during the lifetime of Bojnurd residents are higher than the global average.

Data on assessment excess lifetime cancer risk and risk of lung cancer from inhalation of Radon 222 in radiotherapy centers in Tehran, Iran.

The purpose of the data was to determine excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and risk of lung cancer from inhalation of radon in radiotherapy staff at Tehran radiotherapy Centers in 2015.The concentration of radon gas was extracted from a study done at Tehran radiotherapy centers, and then ELCR and risk of lung cancer were calculated in all centers by standard equations. The excess lifetime cancer risk and risk of lung cancer were 1.89 and 8.46 cases per 100,000 people in radiotherapy centers in Tehran City. The data indicate that the excess lifetime cancer risk and risk of lung cancer in radiotherapy centers are lower than the standard values which presented by UNSCEAR 2000.

Data on the estimating the risk of cancer due to some common radiographs in Tehran city.

The purpose of the data is to estimate the excessive risk of cancer due to some common radiographs in Tehran. The data were collected in 8 radiology centers in Tehran city and on 283 patients with eight radiographic views. To obtain the data, PCXMC 2.0 based on Monte Carlo calculations, has been used to calculate the effective dose of each organ, and annual effective dose. The effective dose, cumulative effective dose, number of radiographs per year and excessive cancer risk due to the type of radiographs calculated. The additional risk of lethal cancer resulting from these radiographs in the target population is about 14.81 cases of the total population of Tehran city in one year.

Measurement bone mineral density (BMD) of patients with beta thalassemia.

The aim of the study is determining bone mineral density (BMD) of Patients with beta thalassemia in order to find the prevalence and related factors on the conditions. Z-Score of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae were reported comparing normal matched subjects. Age and bone mineral density were significantly correlated. Moreover, the disease had significantly higher severity in men than in women. A negative significant correlation was detected between BMD and the mean of hematocrit in the last 5 years. There was significant differences between sex hormone and bone density. A significant correlation between hydroxy urea and BMD were found. A significant relationship between the use of bisphosphonates and bone density were found. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were highly prevalent in our participants. Therefore, regular tests are required to examine bone mineral density in these patients. Furthermore, the exact effect of age on bone mineral density need to be clarified.