ABSTRACT
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma, growing in the serous body cavities as a lymphomatous effusion. The endoscopic features of PEL can mimic Kaposi sarcoma (KS). We present a case where PEL presented as small intestinal masses which had a similar macroscopic appearance to KS. Endoscopic evaluation was used with biopsies which confirmed the diagnosis of PEL. PEL is a differential of gastrointestinal KS. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for prognostication in these patients. Our case emphasizes that PEL presenting as intestinal tumors can mimic KS macroscopically. Although treatment for PEL and KS includes standard chemotherapy with concurrent antiretroviral therapy, early detection of PEL can improve overall survival in these patients.
ABSTRACT
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom syndrome is a potentially fatal drug reaction that must be recognized quickly. Ipilimumab and nivolumab are both important agents in the treatment of melanoma and continue to be studied in other malignancies. We believe the mainstay of therapy for immunotherapy-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom syndrome is early recognition, discontinuation of the inciting agent, supportive care, and treatment with high dose corticosteroids with appropriate tapers that may reduce the length of internal organ injury in cases with liver or kidney involvement.