ABSTRACT
El artículo se refiere al control de las enfermedades de Malaria, Chagas, Leishmaniasis, Arenavirus, epidemias recurrentes del arbovirosis y multiples zoonosis, a raiz de los chaqueos en la gestión 2019 que se dio a nivel nacional, una gran perdida de hábitat, fauna y biodiversidad.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Biodiversity , Vector Borne DiseasesABSTRACT
Human infection with Fasciola hepatica leads to obstruction of the common bile duct by adult worms and disease characterized by biliary colic, epigastric pain, and nausea. Recommended treatment is a single dose of triclabendazole (TCBZ) (10 mg/kg). Because in the 1990s the Bolivian Altiplano bordering Lake Titicaca was thought to have the highest prevalence of human fascioliasis worldwide, the Bolivian Ministry of Health instituted TCBZ mass drug administration (MDA). From 2008 to 2016 (excepting 2015), one dose of 250 mg was administered, usually in September/October, to each resident of highly endemic regions willing to participate. This is apparently the first reported use of MDA for Fasciola. The proportion of persons in key regions receiving TCBZ MDA was 87% in 2016. In 2017, we resurveyed key regions, and found that the MDA program had been dramatically successful. Whereas Fasciola prevalence was reported as 26.9% in Huacullani/Tiahuanaco and 12.6% in Batallas in 1999, there was 0.7% prevalence in Huacullani/Tiahuanaco and 1% in Batallas in 2017. However, lessons from schistosomiasis control efforts suggest that for sustained control of Fasciola infection, Fasciola MDA needs to be maintained and coupled with measures to control infection in the intermediary snail and in the animal hosts of F. hepatica.
Subject(s)
Antiplatyhelmintic Agents/administration & dosage , Fasciola hepatica , Fascioliasis/epidemiology , Fascioliasis/prevention & control , Mass Drug Administration , Triclabendazole/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Antiplatyhelmintic Agents/therapeutic use , Bolivia/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Triclabendazole/therapeutic use , Young AdultABSTRACT
Males of two Bruchomyiinae species were collected during fieldwork in Central and South America. Boreofairchildia belti Jezek, Obona Le Pont sp. nov. and Notofairchildia motacuensis Jezek, Obona Le Pont sp. nov. are described from a rain forerst site in Nicaragua and a rocky ridge site in Bolivia, respectively. Differential diagnoses are included, and important diagnostic characters illustrated.
Subject(s)
Psychodidae , Animals , Bolivia , Male , Nicaragua , South AmericaABSTRACT
Se analiza la situación de las infecciones tracto urinario(ITU) en el trabajo de prestación de servicios de laboratorio a la Caja Integral de Corporaciones de Desarrollo(CORDES), durante cuatro años(Gestiones 1989 a 1993). Se realizaron un total de 19.179 exámenes en 6.694 pacientes, el UROANALISIS fue el segundo examen más solicitado, efectuándose en el 37 por ciento de pacientes(2.330 exámenes). En 198 pacientes (2,9 por ciento) se practicó UROCULTIVO(85,8 por ciento de estos fueron mujeres), el grupo etare o con mayor demanda de estos fue el de 26 a 49 años con el 43por ciento, se aislaron: 21 bacterias gram, 98 bacterias gram, 2 levaduras y en 777 muestras no se evidenció desarrrollo de bacterias comunes, por diversas causas. La bacteria más aislada en los urocultivos fue la Escherichia coli
Subject(s)
Female , Insurance, Health , Laboratories , Private Sector , Bolivia , Hospitals , Urinary Tract InfectionsABSTRACT
Na Bolívia, o cäo participa do ciclo da leishmaniose visceral (Leishmania (Le.) chagasi nas Yungas (alt. 1.000-2.000 m) e também do ciclo da leishmaniose tegumentar (Le. (V.) brasiliensis) no Alto Beni (alt. 400-600m). Entretanto, o animal tem funçöes diferentes nos dois ciclos. Constitui-se no reservatório principal de Le. (Le.) chagasi nas Yungas, podendo ser o único e ser a fonte de contaminacäo para o homem. No caso de Le. (V.) braziliensis no alto Beni, o cäo é como o homem, somente um hospedeiro "vítima"; o reservatório deste parasito é desconhecido, embora se desconfie de mamíferos selvagens