Thoracic lipoblastoma in a 6-year-old African male: a case report.

Lipoblastoma is a very infrequent tumor, characteristic of early childhood. The thoracic location is infrequent, with isolated reports to date. We present the case of a 6-year-old male patient with a right thoracic tumor of months of evolution that was surgically removed by right anterolateral thoracotomy and in which the diagnosis of classic well-differentiated lipoblastoma was histologically confirmed. The patient evolved favorably and was discharged. He is currently under follow-up and without recurrence 1 year after surgery. This is, to our knowledge, the first thoracic lipoblastoma reported in an African pediatric patient. The importance of knowing the clinical, semiological, and intraoperative characteristics of this tumor becomes even more important, as in our case, in the context of international cooperation, where in many cases, there is no possibility of performing pre-operative imaging studies or subsequent genetic studies.

El lipoblastoma es un tumor muy infrecuente, característico de la primera infancia. La localización torácica es infrecuente, con reportes aislados hasta la fecha. Presentamos el caso de un paciente varón de 6 años con una tumoración torácica derecha de meses de evolución que fue extirpada quirúrgicamente mediante toracotomía anterolateral derecha y en la que se confirmó histológicamente el diagnóstico de lipoblastoma clásico bien diferenciado. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente y fue dado de alta. Actualmente se encuentra en seguimiento y sin recidiva un año después de la cirugía. Este es, hasta donde sabemos, el primer lipoblastoma torácico reportado en un paciente pediátrico africano. La importancia de conocer las características clínicas, semiológicas e intraoperatorias de este tumor cobra aún más importancia, como en nuestro caso, en el contexto de la cooperación internacional, donde en muchos casos no existe la posibilidad de realizar estudios de imagen preoperatorios ni estudios genéticos posteriores.

Oral Health Status of Syrian Children in the Refugee Center of Melilla, Spain.

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the state of oral health among immigrants from conflict zones, such as the refugee children from the Syrian Civil War. AIM: To determine the oral health status of Syrian immigrant children refugee at the Center for Temporary Stay of Immigrants in Melilla to plan prevention and care programs. DESIGN: Using the criteria set by the World Health Organization, an exploration of the oral cavity of all Syrian children aged 5-13 living at that center was conducted in May 2015. All subjects were clinically evaluated by a calibrated and standardized examiner, accompanied by a dentist who registered the clinical variables, and translators. The sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed through a descriptive and analytical study, respectively. RESULTS: The prevalence of caries in both the permanent and deciduous dentition was 75% and 50% in 6- and 12-year-olds, respectively. The dft was 3.2 ± 2.9 in 6-year-old children. At 12 years old, the DMFT was 1.6 ± 2.6 teeth, the DMFM was 1.1 ± 1.7 teeth, the SiC was 3.2, and the IR was 5%. Eighty-six percent of the examined sextants were periodontally healthy. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of caries was high in the sample population studied, confirming the need for a comprehensive primary oral health care program.

Presentación de una paciente con síndrome de Morgagni-Stewart-Morel / Presentation of a Patient with Morgagni-Stewart-Morel Syndrome

El síndrome de Morgagni-Stewart-Morel es una rara enfermedad que se caracteriza por hiperostosis frontal interna bilateral asociada a alteraciones metabólicas, psiquiátricas, hipertensión arterial y disfunción de pares craneales de etiología no definida. Se presentó una paciente femenina de 73 años, hipertensa, diabética, obesa, con trastornos psiquiátricos; padeciendo de cefalea, hiposmia e hipoacusia y se constató tomográficamente el engrosamiento frontal interno en relación con el estadio A de la clasificación de Hershkovitz de dicha enfermedad.

Morgagni-Stewart-Morel Syndrome is a rare disease characterized by bilateral hyperostosis frontalis interna associated to metabolic and psychiatric disorders, with hypertension and cranial nerve dysfunction of undefined etiology. A female patient of 73 years, hypertensive, diabetic, obese, was presented with psychiatric disorders; suffering from headache, hyposmia and hearing loss. In the tomographic study a stage A of Hershkovitz classification of the disease was found.

Utilización de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos en el Hospital Vladimir Ilich Lenin / Use of Intensive Care Resource in Vladimir Ilich Lenin Hospital

Introducción: en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos los pacientes tienen alguna condición de salud que pone en riesgo su vida, motivo por el que requieren de una monitorización constante de sus signos vitales y otros parámetros. Objetivos: evaluar las características de los pacientes ingresados y la atención brindada en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Universitario Vladimir Ilich Lenin. Método: se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en dos fases marzo-julio de 2001 (controles) n=132 vs igual periodo de 2012 (casos) n=183. Se evaluó el nivel de correspondencia entre las necesidades de manejo de los pacientes que ingresaron y el nivel de vigilancia y cuidados que se les brindó. Resultados: El valor del APACHE II en el año 2001 y 2012 mostró diferencias estadísticas (t:0,15019; p=0,001). La edad promedio de los ingresados fue en el 2001 de 54,15 años (±20,53) y en el 2012 de 61,96 años (±19,55). Predominó el sexo femenino. Las causas de ingreso más frecuentes fueron: sepsis, trauma y insuficiencia respiratoria. En el 2012 las enfermedades cerebrovasculares aumentaron. La utilización de medios de diagnóstico se incrementó en el año 2012 respecto al 2001 (x²:21,5; p=0,001) y la disponibilidad de medios de monitorización se redujo en el 40%. Conclusiones: los pacientes ingresados en el año 2012 estaban más graves que los de igual periodo de 2001, con el doble de ingresos por accidentes cerebrovasculares. No se observó modificación en cuanto a la disponibilidad de cuidados de enfermería y se incrementó la utilización y disponibilidad de medios de diagnóstico, soporte y tratamiento farmacológico.

Introduction: in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), patients have a health condition that endangers their life that is why the patients require a constant monitoring of vital signs and other parameters. Objective: to evaluate the characteristics of hospitalized patients and the care provided in the ICU of the Vladimir Ilich Lenin University Hospital. Method: a case-control study was conducted in two stages from March to July 2001 (controls) n=132 vs the same period in 2012 (cases) n=183. The level of correspondence between the needs of management of patients admitted and the level of vigilance and care provided to them was evaluated. Results: the value of APACHE II in 2001 and 2012 showed statistical differences (p: 0.15019; p=0.001). The average age of those admitted patients was 2001: 54.15 years (± 20.53); 2012: 61.96 years (± 19.55). Females predominated. The most frequent causes of admission were sepsis, trauma and respiratory failure. In 2012, cerebrovascular diseases increased. The use of diagnosis tools increased in 2012 over 2001 (x²: 21.5, p = 0.001) and the availability of monitoring equipment was reduced in 40% of patients. Conclusions: patients admitted in 2012 were in more severe state than those of the same period of 2001, with two more admissions due to cerebrovascular accidents. No change was observed in the availability of nursing care, and the use and availability of diagnosis tools, support and drug treatment increased.

Presentación de una paciente con síndrome de Morgagni-Stewart-Morel / Presentation of a Patient with Morgagni-Stewart-Morel Syndrome

El síndrome de Morgagni-Stewart-Morel es una rara enfermedad que se caracteriza por hiperostosis frontal interna bilateral asociada a alteraciones metabólicas, psiquiátricas, hipertensión arterial y disfunción de pares craneales de etiología no definida. Se presentó una paciente femenina de 73 años, hipertensa, diabética, obesa, con trastornos psiquiátricos; padeciendo de cefalea, hiposmia e hipoacusia y se constató tomográficamente el engrosamiento frontal interno en relación con el estadio A de la clasificación de Hershkovitz de dicha enfermedad.(AU)

Morgagni-Stewart-Morel Syndrome is a rare disease characterized by bilateral hyperostosis frontalis interna associated to metabolic and psychiatric disorders, with hypertension and cranial nerve dysfunction of undefined etiology. A female patient of 73 years, hypertensive, diabetic, obese, was presented with psychiatric disorders; suffering from headache, hyposmia and hearing loss. In the tomographic study a stage A of Hershkovitz classification of the disease was found

Utilización de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos en el Hospital Vladimir Ilich Lenin / Use of Intensive Care Resource in Vladimir Ilich Lenin Hospital

Introducción: en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos los pacientes tienen alguna condición de salud que pone en riesgo su vida, motivo por el que requieren de una monitorización constante de sus signos vitales y otros parámetros.Objetivos: evaluar las características de los pacientes ingresados y la atención brindada en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Universitario Vladimir Ilich Lenin.Método: se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en dos fases marzo-julio de 2001 (controles) n=132 vs igual periodo de 2012 (casos) n=183. Se evaluó el nivel de correspondencia entre las necesidades de manejo de los pacientes que ingresaron y el nivel de vigilancia y cuidados que se les brindó.Resultados: El valor del APACHE II en el año 2001 y 2012 mostró diferencias estadísticas (t:0,15019; p=0,001). La edad promedio de los ingresados fue en el 2001 de 54,15 años (±20,53) y en el 2012 de 61,96 años (±19,55). Predominó el sexo femenino. Las causas de ingreso más frecuentes fueron: sepsis, trauma y insuficiencia respiratoria. En el 2012 las enfermedades cerebrovasculares aumentaron. La utilización de medios de diagnóstico se incrementó en el año 2012 respecto al 2001 (x2:21,5; p=0,001) y la disponibilidad de medios de monitorización se redujo en el 40%.Conclusiones: los pacientes ingresados en el año 2012 estaban más graves que los de igual periodo de 2001, con el doble de ingresos por accidentes cerebrovasculares. No se observó modificación en cuanto a la disponibilidad de cuidados de enfermería y se incrementó la utilización y disponibilidad de medios de diagnóstico, soporte y tratamiento farmacológico(AU)

Introduction: in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), patients have a health condition that endangers their life that is why the patients require a constant monitoring of vital signs and other parameters.Objective: to evaluate the characteristics of hospitalized patients and the care provided in the ICU of the Vladimir Ilich Lenin University Hospital.Method: a case-control study was conducted in two stages from March to July 2001 (controls) n=132 vs the same period in 2012 (cases) n=183. The level of correspondence between the needs of management of patients admitted and the level of vigilance and care provided to them was evaluated.Results: the value of APACHE II in 2001 and 2012 showed statistical differences (p: 0.15019; p=0.001). The average age of those admitted patients was 2001: 54.15 years (± 20.53); 2012: 61.96 years (± 19.55). Females predominated. The most frequent causes of admission were sepsis, trauma and respiratory failure. In 2012, cerebrovascular diseases increased. The use of diagnosis tools increased in 2012 over 2001 (x2: 21.5, p = 0.001) and the availability of monitoring equipment was reduced in 40 percent of patients.Conclusions: patients admitted in 2012 were in more severe state than those of the same period of 2001, with two more admissions due to cerebrovascular accidents. No change was observed in the availability of nursing care, and the use and availability of diagnosis tools, support and drug treatment increased(AU)

Accuracy in the legal age estimation according to the third molars mineralization among Mexicans and Columbians.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to assess the accuracy of age estimation according to two cut-off points of Demirjian's developmental stages (G and H) in the wisdom teeth, using panoramic radiographs from Colombian and Mexican teenagers. STUDY DESIGN: The degree of maturation of the third molars was classified according to Demirjian in 8 stages (from A to H) by a blinded trained assessor. The sensitivity, specificity and efficacy of two cut-off points (G and H) were calculated for both samples. RESULTS: The orthopantomographies of 316 subjects, 171 Colombians (54.1%) and 145 Mexicans (45.9%), were analyzed. The stage H was found to be the best threshold for detecting juveniles (because the high specificity) in all the third molars assessed. The specificity was higher for lower third molars than for upper third molars, but no asymmetrical discrepancy was noted. CONCLUSIONS: The stage H is the best cut-off point for detecting the adulthood when a high-specificity test is required.

Rabdomiólisis por ejercicio / Exercise-induced rhabdomyolisis

Las causas de rabdomiólisis suelen dividirse en traumáticas (por trauma directo o compresión) y no traumáticas; en este último grupo se engloban las relacionadas con el ejercicio.

[Rhabdomyolisis caused by spinning in nine patients]. / Rabdomiólisis por spinning en nueve pacientes.

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome that results from the destruction of the skeletal muscle. The one produced by exercise is observed after an intense physical effort. A form of high-intensity exercise called spinning or indoor cycling that involves using a stationary bicycle, has been exceptionally reported as a generating factor of muscular damage in the medical literature. A retrospective study was performed to assess the clinical presentation and the complications shown by nine patients who experienced rhabdomyolysis caused by indoor cycling. The prevailing symptoms were myalgias, asthenia, myoglobinuria and functional impotence of the lower limbs. All the patients showed significant muscular enzyme increases and the values of creatinephosphokinase ranged from 1650 to 165 000 IU/l. Only one of the patients showed kidney failure and another patient showed hypocalcemia; both parameters standardized with treatment. No relationship has been found between the increase of muscular enzymes and the development of complications. The aim of this study is to present a series of cases of rhabdomyolysis caused by indoor cycling and to warn about the risks that this activity may involve.

Rabdomiólisis por spinning en nueve pacientes / Rhabdomyolysis caused by spinning in nine patients

La rabdomiólisis es un síndrome que resulta de la destrucción del músculo esquelético. Aquella producida por ejercicio se observa luego de un esfuerzo físico intenso. Un tipo de actividad física basado en el pedaleo sobre bicicleta fija llamado spinning o indoor cycling, que trae consigo los fundamentos teóricos del ciclismo sobre una bicicleta estática, ha sido descrito excepcionalmente como factor precipitante de rabdomiólisis. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo que evaluó la presentación clínica y complicaciones ocurridas en 9 pacientes que desarrollaron rabdomiólisis por pedaleo sobre bicicleta fija. Los síntomas predominantes fueron mialgias, astenia, eliminación de orinas oscuras e impotencia funcional de miembros inferiores. Todos presentaron elevaciones significativas de las enzimas musculares y los valores de creatinfosfoquinasa variaron entre 1.650 y 165 000 UI/l. Sólo un paciente presentó insuficiencia renal y otro hipocalcemia; ambos parámetros se normalizaron con el tratamiento instaurado. No se halló relación entre el aumento de enzimas musculares y la aparición de complicaciones. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar una serie de casos de rabdomiólisis por este deporte y alertar sobre el posible riesgo de dicha actividad.

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome that results from the destruction of the skeletal muscle. The one produced by exercise is observed after an intense physical effort. A form of high-intensity exercise called spinning or indoor cycling that involves using a stationary bicycle, has been exceptionally reported as a generating factor of muscular damage in the medical literature. A retrospective study was performed to assess the clinical presentation and the complications shown by nine patients who experienced rhabdomyolysis caused by indoor cycling. The prevailing symptoms were myalgias, asthenia, myoglobinuria and functional impotence of the lower limbs. All the patients showed significant muscular enzyme increases and the values of creatinephosphokinase ranged from 1650 to 165 000 IU/l. Only one of the patients showed kidney failure and another patient showed hypocalcemia; both parameters standardized with treatment. No relationship has been found between the increase of muscular enzymes and the development of complications. The aim of this study is to present a series of cases of rhabdomyolysis caused by indoor cycling and to warn about the risks that this activity may involve.

Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes in highly myopic eyes after laser in situ keratomileusis.

The authors describe the management of subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes in highly myopic eyes after laser in situ keratomileusis with photodynamic therapy. Five cases of choroidal neovascular membrane after laser in situ keratomileusis for the correction of myopia (mean, 13.3 diopters; range, -8.00 to -16.25 diopters) treated with single or multiple sessions of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin are presented. Two cases had improved visual acuity (2 to 5 lines) after photodynamic therapy, two cases remained the same, and one case lost 4 lines of visual acuity. Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin seems to increase the chance of stabilizing or improving vision in patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascular membrane after laser in situ keratomileusis in highly myopic eyes.