ABSTRACT
The Adams-Oliver syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp, terminal transverse limb defects, and congenital telangiectatic cutis marmorata. It can occur through different inheritance patterns: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or de novo dominant mutations. Although the Adams-Oliver syndrome is a rare disease, it is essential to know its clinical characteristics and inheritance patterns, to establish a correct diagnosis and its possible complications during follow-up. In the present study, we describe the case of an adolescent with Adams-Oliver syndrome with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, pulmonary hypertension and plastic bronchitis, and several compromised family members.
El síndrome de Adams-Oliver es un trastorno congénito raro, caracterizado por aplasia cutis congénita en el cuero cabelludo, defectos terminales transversales de las extremidades y piel marmorata telangiectásica congénita. Este puede presentarse debido a diferentes patrones de herencia de tipo autosómico dominante o autosómico recesivo, o por mutaciones dominantes de novo. Aunque el síndrome de Adams-Oliver es una enfermedad poco frecuente, es importante conocer sus características clínicas y patrones de herencia, para así establecer un correcto diagnóstico y sus posibles complicaciones durante el seguimiento. En el presente estudio, se describe el caso de una adolescente con síndrome de Adams-Oliver con patrón de herencia autosómica dominante, hipertensión pulmonar y bronquitis plástica. Había varios miembros de su familia con el mismo compromiso.
Subject(s)
Retrospective Studies , ColombiaABSTRACT
Myosin Vb (MYO5B) is a motor protein that facilitates protein trafficking and recycling in polarized cells by RAB11- and RAB8-dependent mechanisms. Biallelic MYO5B mutations are identified in the majority of patients with microvillus inclusion disease (MVID). MVID is an intractable diarrhea of infantile onset with characteristic histopathologic findings that requires life-long parenteral nutrition or intestinal transplantation. A large number of such patients eventually develop cholestatic liver disease. Bi-allelic MYO5B mutations are also identified in a subset of patients with predominant early-onset cholestatic liver disease. We present here the compilation of 114 patients with disease-causing MYO5B genotypes, including 44 novel patients as well as 35 novel MYO5B mutations, and an analysis of MYO5B mutations with regard to functional consequences. Our data support the concept that (1) a complete lack of MYO5B protein or early MYO5B truncation causes predominant intestinal disease (MYO5B-MVID), (2) the expression of full-length mutant MYO5B proteins with residual function causes predominant cholestatic liver disease (MYO5B-PFIC), and (3) the expression of mutant MYO5B proteins without residual function causes both intestinal and hepatic disease (MYO5B-MIXED). Genotype-phenotype data are deposited in the existing open MYO5B database in order to improve disease diagnosis, prognosis, and genetic counseling.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: La atrofia muscular espinal (AME) es una enfermedad degenerativa que afecta las neuronas motoras del asta anterior de la médula espinal, se manifiesta por debilidad muscular progresiva de predominio proximal, hipotonía y arreflexia osteotendinosa, la etiología es una mutación en el gen de supervivencia neuronal SMN. Objetivo: determinar las características clínicas de los pacientes menores de 18 años con atrofia muscular espinal en de Medellín, durante el período 2008-2013. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes con AME que consultaron en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación y un consultorio privado de neuropediatría en Medellín durante el período 2008-2013, en total se recopilaron datos de 29 pacientes, se revisaron las características clínicas, las ayudas diagnósticas practicadas y los tratamientos realizados. Resultados: la AME tipo II resultó la forma clínica más frecuente (62%) seguida por la AME tipo I (24.13%), las principales manifestaciones fueron la hipotonía (100%) debilidad muscular (93.1%) y la arreflexia osteotendinosa (82.8%). Las fasciculaciones en la lengua se presentaron en el 48.3% de los pacientes. La prueba molecular fue realizada en 6 pacientes y en todos se encontró deleción del exón 7 del gen SMN1. Conclusión: la atrofia muscular espinal es una enfermedad degenerativa y de progresión variable de acuerdo a su clasificación. Clínicamente, se debe sospechar cuando exista síndrome motoneuronal y fasciculaciones linguales. El diagnóstico molecular es el método más acertado para confirmar la enfermedad.
Introduction: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a degenerative disease that affects motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, it is manifested by progressive muscle weakness predominantly proximal, hypotonia andosteotendinous arreflexia, the cause is a mutation in neuronal survival gene SMN1 Objective: Establish the clinical, electromyographics and genetics characteristics of patients younger than 18 years with spinal muscular atrophy in the Medellín city, during the period 2008-2013. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of patients with SMA seen in the Hospital Universitario San Vicente Foundation and private center of Neuro- pediatric of Medellín during the period 2008-2013 was performed. Data from 29 patientes were available, were reviewed clinical feature, diagnostic aids and treatments practiced. Results: SMA type II resulted the most frequent clinical presentation (62%) followed by SMA type I (24.13%), the main manifestations were hypotonia (100 %), muscle weakness (93.1%) and osteotendinous arreflexia (82.8%), tongue fasciculations occurred in 48.3% of patients. The molecular test was performed in 6 patients and in all the deletion of exon 7 of the SMN1 gene was found. Conclusion: spinal muscular atrophy is a degenerative and progressive disease according to their clinical classification. It should be suspected when there are motoneuronal syndrome and lingual twitches. Molecular diagnosis is the most accurate to confirm the disease.
ABSTRACT
La encefalopatía neurogastrointestinal mitocondrial (MNGIE) es una enfermedad genética que se manifiestadesde los primeros años de vida con episodios de íleo, obstrucción intestinal, trastorno de deglución, falla demedro, miopatía, neuropatía periférica y leucoencefalopatía. Sin embargo, las manifestaciones clínicas puedenser leves o incompletas. En la mayoría de los casos es producto de una mutación de novo, pero también puedeheredarse de forma autosómica recesiva. Específicamente, la mutación c.1416 se asocia a MNGIE con neuropatíaperiférica severa. A continuación se describe el debut, características clínicas, hallazgos bioquímicos,neuroimagen y confirmación de la mutación c.1416 de un paciente con MNGIE pero sin enfermedad demotoneurona inferior...
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE) is a genetic disease with onset from infancy andexpressed with bowel obstruction, swallowing disorder, growth retardation, myopathy, peripheral neuropathyand cerebral leukoencephalopathy. The majority of cases are produced by a novo mutation and sometimes byan autosomic reccessive inheretance. MNGIE produced by c.1416 mutation has been associated with severeperipheral neuropathy. In the following report, we describe the onset disease, clinical features, biochemicaldata, cerebral magnetic resonance image, genetic test and literature review of a patient with MNGIE withoutinferior motoneuron disease and c.1416 mutation...
Subject(s)
Humans , Brain Diseases , Genotype , PhenotypeABSTRACT
Introducción: el síndrome de Ellis van Creveld (EVC) es una entidad rara que se caracteriza por extremidades cortas, polidactilia y defectos cardíacos, que puede ser detectada prenatalmente por medio de ultrasonido. Se analiza un caso con el objetivo de discutir sus características, los posibles diagnósticos diferenciales y el pronóstico. Materiales y métodos: este artículo presenta un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de EVC por medio de ultrasonido, que se confirmó luego del nacimiento. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en la base de datos Medline vía PubMed en donde se encontraron 579 artículos, de los cuales se revisaron 15 debido a su pertinencia y actualidad. Conclusiones: el síndrome EVC es una condición susceptible de diagnóstico prenatal. Se debe sospechar en caso de mesomelia, polidactilia y defectos cardíacos. El pronóstico depende principalmente del tipo de malformación cardíaca.
Introduction: Ellis van Creveld (EVC) syndrome is a rare genetic disorder which is characterized by a person having short limbs, polydactylia and heart defects; it can be detected prenatally by ultrasound. A case is presented here so that its characteristics, possible differential diagnoses and prognosis can be discussed. Materials and methods: this article presents a case of prenatal diagnosis of EVC by ultrasound which was confirmed shortly after birth. A bibliographic search was made of the Medline via PubMed database; 15 of the 579 articles which were found were reviewed due to their pertinence and topicality. Conclusions: EVC syndrome is a condition which is susceptible to prenatal diagnosis. It should be suspected in cases of mesomelia, polydactyly and cardiac defects. Prognosis mainly depends on the type of cardiac malformation.
Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome , PolydactylyABSTRACT
Four cases of Jarcho-Levin's syndrome in the province of Antioquia, Colombia Jarcho-Levin's syndrome is a skeletal dysplasia with changes in the morphogenesis and costal vertebrae segmentation. It is manifested by hemivertebrae, fused vertebral bodies, absent vertebrae or fused ribs. This entity has also been called spondylo-costal or spondylo-thoracic dysplasia-dysostosis. This paper presents four cases evaluated at the Hospital University San Vicente de Paúl, Medellín, Colombia. Three had family origins in southwestern Antioquia and one in Medellin, indicating the possibility of a predisposing genetic allele with elevated frequency in this population. The clinical and radiological manifestations were described, a well as the most notable complications, such as restrictive lung disease with permanent oxygen requirement (all 4 patients) and portal hypertension etiology (1 patient). The latter has not been reported previously as a manifestation of this syndrome.
Subject(s)
Dysostoses/genetics , Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology , Ribs/abnormalities , Spine/abnormalities , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Colombia , Consanguinity , Dysostoses/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Hypertension, Portal/etiology , Hypoxia/etiology , Hypoxia/therapy , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Infant , Male , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Pedigree , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy , Ribs/diagnostic imaging , Spine/diagnostic imaging , Syndrome , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
El síndrome de Jarcho-Levin es una displasia esquelética con alteraciones en la morfogénesis vertebral y en la segmentación costal, que se manifiesta con hemivertebras, fusión vertebral o agenesia vertebral, y fusión costal. Esta entidad también se ha denominado displasia-disostosis espóndilo-costal o espóndilo-torácica. En este artículo se presentan cuatro casos evaluados en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, Medellín, Colombia. Tres tienen origen familiar en el suroeste del departamento de Antioquia y uno en Medellín, lo que podría estar relacionado con un alelo con acentuada frecuencia en esta población. En este artículo se describen las características clínicas y radiológicas, y las complicaciones más importantes, entre las cuales podemos citar la presencia de enfermedad pulmonar restrictiva, con necesidad permanente de oxígeno en todos los pacientes y, en uno, hipertensión portal de etiología por esclarecer, lo cual no se ha reportado como manifestación de este síndrome.
Jarcho-Levins syndrome is a skeletal dysplasia with changes in the morphogenesis and costal vertebrae segmentation. It is manifested by hemivertebrae, fused vertebral bodies, absent vertebrae or fused ribs. This entity has also been called spondylo-costal or spondylo-thoracic dysplasia-dysostosis. This paper presents four cases evaluated at the Hospital University San Vicente de Paúl, Medellín, Colombia. Three had family origins in southwestern Antioquia and one in Medellin, indicating the possibility of a predisposing genetic allele with elevated frequency in this population.The clinical and radiological manifestations were described, a well as the most notable complications, such as restrictive lung disease with permanent oxygen requirement (all 4 patients) and portal hypertension etiology (1 patient). The latter has not been reported previously as a manifestation of this syndrome.