ABSTRACT
Nematophagous fungi (NF) are a group of diverse fungal genera that benefit plants. The aim of this review is to increase comprehension about the importance of nematophagous fungi and their role in phosphorus solubilization to favor its uptake in agricultural ecosystems. They use different mechanisms, such as acidification in the medium, organic acids production, and the secretion of enzymes and metabolites that promote the bioavailability of phosphorus for plants. This study summarizes the processes of solubilization, in addition to the mechanisms of action and use of NF on crops, evidencing the need to include innovative alternatives for the implementation of microbial resources in management plans. In addition, it provides information to help understand the effect of NF to make phosphorus available for plants, showing how these biological means promote phosphorus uptake, thus improving productivity and yield.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is potentially fatal for vulnerable individuals. Disease management represents a challenge for many countries, given the shortage of medicines and hospital resources. The objective of this work was to review the medicinal plants, foods and natural products showing scientific evidence for host protection against various types of coronaviruses, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2. Natural products that mitigate the symptoms caused by various coronaviruses are also presented. Particular attention was placed on natural products that stabilize the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS), which has been associated with the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 into human cells.
Subject(s)
Biological Products/pharmacology , Coronavirus/drug effects , Phytotherapy/methods , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , SARS-CoV-2/drug effects , Antiviral Agents/metabolism , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Biological Products/metabolism , COVID-19/virology , Humans , Pandemics , Plant Extracts/metabolism , Plants/chemistry , Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects , COVID-19 Drug TreatmentSubject(s)
Dizziness/chemically induced , Fibromyalgia/drug therapy , Pregabalin , Adult , Analgesics/administration & dosage , Analgesics/adverse effects , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Fibromyalgia/physiopathology , Humans , Patient Acuity , Pregabalin/administration & dosage , Pregabalin/adverse effects , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Anaplastic thyroid cancer is an uncommon malignant tumor, usually fatal, primarily affecting older adults and doesn't have effective systemic therapy. The median survival is less than 6 months from diagnosis. Brain metastases are low frequency and reach 18 percent. We present the case of a patient with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid who takes an aggressive form, becoming anaplastic carcinoma, with involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) manifested by paralysis of the cranial nerve IV, which is rare clinical condition.
Subject(s)
Humans , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/diagnosis , Thyroidectomy , Biopsy , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Fatal Outcome , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/etiology , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/surgery , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/pathology , Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
The lingual thyroid carcinoma is very uncommon neoplasia with an incidence of less than 1 percent. The papillary variant is the most frequent. Cervical MRI helps differentiate muscle from thyroid tissue. The definitive diagnosis is given by histology. Management is similar to that of orthotopic thyroid cancer. We present the case of a 23-year-old woman with hypothyroidism undergoing treatment with dysphagia and sensation of pharyngeal foreign body and malodorous oral bleeding. Nasopharyngoscopy showed a rounded mass at the base of the tongue; the biopsy was compatible with thyroid neoplasia. Image study with ultrasound confirms empty thyroid bed with presence of lingual ectopic thyroid. The team of surgeons performed surgery with Trotter Technique, they removed a tumor of 4 centimeters of diameter. The definitive biopsy concludes minimally invasive follicular carcinoma. The treatment was completed with 100 mCi of radioiodine. Systemic screening at 7 days was negative, as the post-operative thyroglobulin (Tg)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Tongue Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tongue Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Tongue Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular/surgery , Lingual ThyroidABSTRACT
El dedo en gatillo es una tenosinovitis estenosante que compromete el funcionamiento de la mano al afectar los tendones flexores, poco conocida por el Médico general. Con el objetivo de determinar su frecuencia y presentación clínica en nuestro medio se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por el servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología del Hospital Eugenio Espejo. De 438 cirugías de mano el 9.8 por ciento obedecieron a un diagnóstico de dedo en gatillo. Los grupos etareos mas afectados fueron los comprometidos entre 11 a 20 años y de 41 a 50 años con predominio del sexo femenino (p mayor a 01). El dígito mas comprometido fue el pulgar (67,4 por ciento) y su etiología más frecuente fue de tipo adquirido...
Subject(s)
Finger Injuries , Tenosynovitis , Ecuador , Hospitals, TeachingABSTRACT
La metástasis linfática cervical de un tumor primario no detectado es una condición clínico-patológica infrecuente. El estudio del paciente debe iniciarse con una observación clínica minuciosa y completa. Tener presente los contextos clínicos de carcinoma de células escamosas y cáncer diferenciado del tiroides. No hacer una biopsia excisional como primer paso del diagnóstico. Iniciar el estudio complementario con punción con aguja fina para estudio citológico e histológico según sea la calidad de la muestra obtenida. Continuar con la búsqueda del tumor primario (estudios por imágenes y endoscopías). Si se encuentra el tumor primario, tomar biopsia para diseñar el tratamiento apropiado. Si no se encuentra el tumor primario, tratar el cuello siguiendo alguna de las opciones terapéuticas. Tener presente en esta elección el estado general del paciente, el estudio de N. y las características sociales-culturales-económicas y la ubicación geográfica del enfermo