Avaliação morfofuncional do enxerto de túnica albugínea suína na cistoplastia em ratos / Morpho-fuctional evaluation of porcine tunica albuginea as a graft for cystoplasty in rats

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o uso da túnica albugínea suína na cistoplastia em ratos, avaliando funcionalidade, capacidade de reparação do órgão e possibilidades de complicações. Foram selecionados 30 ratos Wistar, machos, de seis meses de idade, divididos em: um grupo teste (TA), em que os animais receberam o enxerto de túnica albugínea suína após a cistectomia parcial e um grupo controle (C), em que os animais sofreram somente a cistectomia parcial. Os animais pertencentes a ambos os grupos foram divididos igualmente em subgrupos de cinco animais cada, que sofreram eutanásia em sete, 28 e 42 dias de pós-operatório. Foi realizada uma análise macroscópica e, posteriormente, uma análise histopatológica da região da ferida cirúrgica. Aos sete e 28 dias, os animais pertencentes ao grupo C e ao grupo TA apresentaram urotelização, regeneração da lâmina própria e da musculatura, porém o grupo TA apresentou menores sinais inflamatórios e maior organização tecidual, principalmente com relação à formação das fibras musculares. Aos 42 dias de pós-operatório, ambos os grupos já apresentavam características histológicas normais. Concluiu-se que o enxerto de túnica albugínea suína obteve sucesso na regeneração da bexiga de ratos, mantendo a funcionalidade do órgão, sem rejeição, e favorecendo a migração celular.(AU)

The aim of this study is to evaluate porcine tunica albuginea as a graft for cystoplasty in rats, regarding bladder function, capacity and possible complications. 30 male Wistar rats with six monthes of age have been selected and separated into two different groups: A test group (TA) in which the animals received a tunica albuginea graft after partial cystectomy and a control group (C) in which partial cystectomy was performed, followed by bladder suture. In each group the animals were euthanized at seven, 28 and 42 days after surgery. Macroscopic and Histological analysis have been performed. At seven and 28 days after surgery the samples from both groups had urothelial lining upon a lamina propria and smooth muscle fibers in regeneration process. However, the TA group showed less inflammatory signs and more organized structure, mainly regarding the smooth muscle formation. At 42 days after surgery all groups showed a bladder wall structure qualitatively identical to the normal tissue. We could conclude that tunica albuginea graft is able to maintain bladder function and support cellular migration without any kind of rejection.(AU)

Ricinus communis treatment of denture stomatitis in institutionalised elderly.

This study compared the effectiveness of Ricinus communis (RC) with Nystatin (NYS) and Miconazole (MIC) in the treatment of institutionalised elderly with denture stomatitis (DS). They (n = 30) were randomly distributed into three groups: MIC, NYS or RC. Clinical and mycological evaluations were performed prior to the use of the antifungal (baseline) and repeated after 15 and 30 days of treatment. The sample was clinically examined for oral mucosal conditions. Standard photographs were taken of the palate, and the oral candidiasis was classified (Newton's criteria). Mycological investigation was performed by swabbing the palatal mucosa, and Candida spp. were quantified by counting the number of colony-forming units (cfu mL⁻¹). The clinical and mycological data were analysed, respectively by Wilcoxon and Student's t-test (α = 0.05). Significant improvement in the clinical appearance of DS in the MIC and RC groups was observed between the 1st and 3rd collections (MIC - P = 0.018; RC - P = 0.011) as well as between the 2nd and 3rd collections (MIC - P = 0.018; RC - P = 0.011). Neither groups showed a statistically significant reduction in cfu mL⁻¹ at any time. Although none of the treatments decreased the cfu mL⁻¹, it was concluded that Ricinus communis can improve the clinical condition of denture stomatitis in institutionalised elderly patients, showing similar results to Miconazole.

Efeito da adição de trolox e pentoxifilina na motilidade, integridade do acrossoma e do DNA de espermatozoides equinos após descongelação / Effect of trolox and pentoxifylline on motility and integrity of, acrossome and DNA of equine spermatozoa after thawing

Três garanhões foram utilizados para estudar o efeito da adição de trolox e pentoxifilina na motilidade, integridade do acrossoma e DNA de espermatozoides pós-descongelação. Para congelação, utilizou-se Tris-gema com glicerol (5 por cento) em máquina de congelação de sêmen. As amostras foram descongeladas a 37ºC durante 30 segundos e tratadas com: T1= 150µL de sêmen + 150µL de Tris; T2= 150µL de sêmen + 150µL de Tris + 120µM/mL de trolox; T3= 150µL de sêmen + 150µL de Tris + 3,5mM de pentoxifilina e T4= 150µL de sêmen + 150µL de Tris + 3,5mM de pentoxifilina + 120µM/mL de trolox. Após 0, 60 e 120 minutos de incubação (37ºC), as amostras foram analisadas quanto à motilidade, vigor, integridade de acrossoma e DNA. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre tratamentos após 0 e 60 minutos de incubação em todos os parâmetros estudados. Após 120 minutos de incubação, verificou-se maior porcentual (P<0,05) de células com motilidade total e progressiva nas amostras do T2. Conclui-se que a adição de trolox após descongelação do sêmen equino preserva a motilidade total e progressiva dos espermatozoides submetidos à incubação a 37ºC durante 120 minutos.

Three stallions were used to study the effect of trolox and pentoxifylline addition on the motility and integrity of acrossome and DNA equine spermatozoa after thawing. Tris-egg-yolg diluent with glycerol (5 percent) were used to freeze the semen samples in a freezing machine. The samples were thawed at 37ºC during 30 seconds and treated with: T1=150µL of semen + 150µL of Tris; T2= 150µL of semen + 150µL of Tris +150mM/mL of trolox; T3= 150µL of semen + 150µL Tris +3.5mM of pentoxifylline; and T4= 150µL of semen + 150µL of Tris + 3.5mM of pentoxifylline + 150mM of trolox. After 0, 60, and 120 minutes of incubation (37ºC), the samples were analyzed to motility, vigor, and integrity of acrossome and DNA. There was no difference (P>0.05) among treatments considering 0 and 60 minutes of incubation in all studied parameters. After 120 minutes of incubation, it was observed higher percentage (P<0.05) of cells with total and progressive motility in the samples of T2. It can be concluded that the trolox addition after thawing of equine semen preserved total and progressive motility of the sperm incubated at 37ºC during 120 minutes.

Efeito do uso de pentoxifilina no período neonatal sobre a produção espermática em ratos Wistar adultos / Effect of pentoxifylline during neonatal period on spermatic production in adult Wistar rats

Utilizaram-se doses crescentes de pentoxifilina em ratos Wistar neonatos visando aumentar a produção espermática em animais adultos. Trinta e sete animais foram distribuídos de acordo com os tratamentos: não tratados (n=10) e tratados com 1mg/kg (n=10), 5mg/kg (n=9) e 10mg/kg (n=8) de pentoxifilina (IP). Aos 90 dias, os animais foram anestesiados e perfundidos intracardiacamente com solução fixadora. Os testículos foram processados rotineiramente para inclusão em resina plástica à base de glicol metacrilato. Cortes histológicos de 4µm de espessura foram corados em azul de toluidina/borato de sódio a 1 por cento e analisados histometricamente. O número de células de Sertoli por secção transversal diminuiu nos grupos tratados com 5mg/kg e 10mg/kg em relação aos grupos controle e tratado com 1mg/kg. O índice de células de Sertoli aumentou nos animais tratados com 5mg/kg em comparação aos do grupo-controle. A utilização da pentoxifilina não foi capaz de induzir aumento na população das células de Sertoli e produção espermática em ratos adultos.

Increasing doses of pentoxifylline were administrated to newborn Wistar rats in order to augment Sertoli cell number and sperm production in the adult rats. Thirty-seven neonate Wistar rats were distributed in four groups: control (n=10) and treated with 1mg/kg (n=10), 5mg/kg (n=9), and 10mg/kg (n=8) of pentoxifylline. At 90 days, the animals were submitted to anesthesia and intracardiac perfusion. Testes were colleted and routinely processed for inclusion in plastic resin with glycol methacrylate. Histological sections (4µm) were stained in toluidine blue/sodium borate (1 percent) and analyzed. Number of Sertoli cell per transversal section of seminiferous tubule had significant reduction in the groups treated with 5mg/kg and 10mg/kg of pentoxifylline as compared to control and the group that received 1mg/kg (P<0.05). The Sertoli cell index significantly increased in the group treated with 5mg/kg compared to control group. Pentoxifylline did not cause increase in the number of Sertoli cells and daily sperm production in adult male rats.