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1.
PLoS One ; 9(11): e109790, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25386857

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) can affect the skin or mucosa (mucocutaneous leishmaniasis - MCL) including the oral cavity. MCL oral lesions are often confused with other oral diseases, delaying diagnosis and specific treatment, and increasing the likelihood of sequelae. Thus, increasing the knowledge of the evolution of ATL oral lesions can facilitate its early diagnosis improving the prognosis of healing. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the frequency of ATL oral lesion and describe its clinical, laboratory and therapeutic peculiarities. METHODS: A descriptive transversal study was carried out, using data from medical records of 206 patients with MCL examined at the outpatient clinics-IPEC-Fiocruz between 1989 and 2013. Proportions were calculated for the categorical variables and the association among them was assessed by the Pearson's chi-square test. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were used for the continuous variables and their differences were assessed by both parametric (t test) and non parametric (Mann-Whitney) tests. P-values <0.05 were considered as significant. RESULTS: The most affected site was the nose, followed by the mouth, pharynx and larynx. Seventy eight (37.9%) have oral lesions and the disease presented a lower median of the evolution time than in other mucous sites as well as an increased time to heal. The presence of oral lesion was associated with: the presence of lesions in the other three mucosal sites; a smaller median of the leishmanin skin test values; a longer healing time of the mucosal lesions; a higher recurrence frequency; and a smaller frequency of treatment finishing and healing. When the oral lesion was isolated, it was associated with an age 20 years lower than when the oral lesion was associated with other mucosal sites. CONCLUSION: Considering the worst therapy results associated with the presence of oral lesions, we suggest that lesions in this location represent a factor of worse prognosis for MCL.


Subject(s)
Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/parasitology , Mouth Diseases/pathology , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , Nose Diseases/pathology , Nose/pathology , Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Larynx/parasitology , Larynx/pathology , Leishmania braziliensis/pathogenicity , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/drug therapy , Male , Meglumine/therapeutic use , Meglumine Antimoniate , Middle Aged , Mouth Diseases/parasitology , Mouth Mucosa/parasitology , Nose/parasitology , Nose Diseases/parasitology , Organometallic Compounds/therapeutic use , Pharynx/parasitology , Pharynx/pathology , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies
2.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo ; 56(5): 439-42, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25229226

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Pentavalent antimonials are the first drug of choice in the treatment of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Data on ototoxicity related with such drugs is scarcely available in literature, leading us to develop a study on cochleovestibular functions. CASE REPORT: A case of a tegumentary leishmaniasis patient, a 78-year-old man who presented a substantial increase in auditory threshold with tinnitus and severe rotatory dizziness during the treatment with meglumine antimoniate, is reported. These symptoms worsened in two weeks after treatment was interrupted. CONCLUSION: Dizziness and tinnitus had already been related to meglumine antimoniate. However, this is the first well documented case of cochlear-vestibular toxicity related to meglumine antimoniate.


Subject(s)
Antiprotozoal Agents/adverse effects , Auditory Threshold/drug effects , Dizziness/chemically induced , Meglumine/adverse effects , Organometallic Compounds/adverse effects , Tinnitus/chemically induced , Aged , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Humans , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Male , Meglumine Antimoniate , Severity of Illness Index
3.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 56(5): 439-442, Sep-Oct/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-722321

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pentavalent antimonials are the first drug of choice in the treatment of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Data on ototoxicity related with such drugs is scarcely available in literature, leading us to develop a study on cochleovestibular functions. Case Report: A case of a tegumentary leishmaniasis patient, a 78-year-old man who presented a substantial increase in auditory threshold with tinnitus and severe rotatory dizziness during the treatment with meglumine antimoniate, is reported. These symptoms worsened in two weeks after treatment was interrupted. Conclusion: Dizziness and tinnitus had already been related to meglumine antimoniate. However, this is the first well documented case of cochlear-vestibular toxicity related to meglumine antimoniate.


Introdução: Antimoniais pentavalentes são os fármacos de primeira escolha no tratamento da leishmaniose tegumentar. Dados de ototoxicidade relacionados a tais fármacos são escassos na literatura, o que nos levou a desenvolver um estudo de funções cócleo-vestibulares. Relato de caso: Relatamos caso de paciente masculino de 78 anos com leishmaniose tegumentar, que apresentou aumento significativo dos limiares auditivos com zumbido e tontura rotatória grave durante o tratamento com antimoniato de meglumina. Os sintomas pioraram até duas semanas após a interrupção do tratamento. Conclusão: Tontura e zumbido já tinham sido associados ao antimoniato de meglumina. Entretanto, este é o primeiro caso bem documentado de toxicidade cócleo-vestibular relacionado ao antimoniato de meglumina.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Antiprotozoal Agents/adverse effects , Auditory Threshold/drug effects , Dizziness/chemically induced , Meglumine/adverse effects , Organometallic Compounds/adverse effects , Tinnitus/chemically induced , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index
4.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 87(2): 257-60, 2012 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22855754

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of intralesional meglumine antimoniate (MA) in 24 not submitted to previous treatment patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and with contraindication to systemic therapy. Each treatment consisted of one to four intralesional applications of MA at 15-day intervals. Patients' age ranged from 3 to 90 years; fourteen were females. Intralesional treatment in the absence of any relevant toxicity was successful in 20 (83.3%) patients. Three patients required additional treatment with amphotericin B and one required systemic MA. None of the patients developed mucosal lesions when followed up to 60 months. Intralesional MA is an effective and less toxic alternative treatment of patients with CL and contraindication to systemic therapy.


Subject(s)
Antiprotozoal Agents/administration & dosage , Leishmania/growth & development , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Meglumine/administration & dosage , Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Injections, Intralesional , Male , Meglumine Antimoniate , Middle Aged , Statistics, Nonparametric , Urban Population , Young Adult
5.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2011. xii,105 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-727983

ABSTRACT

Os antimoniais pentavalentes em doses de 10 a 20mg Sb5+/kg/dia continuam sendo o tratamento de escolha para a leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA), apesar dos relatos de baixa efetividade e de elevado número de efeitos adversos, inclusive óbito. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a efetividade e a segurança do antimoniato de meglumina 5mg Sb5+/Kg/dia no tratamento de pacientes com a forma mucosa ou mucocutânea (LM/LMC) da LTA, ao longo de dezesseis anos, no Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas (IPEC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, tipo série de casos acompanhados longitudinalmente. Os dados foram obtidos dos prontuários dos pacientes com LM/LMC atendidos no Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do IPEC entre 1º de janeiro de 1989 e 31 de dezembro de 2004 e tratados com baixa dose de antimoniato de meglumina, de forma contínua ou intermitente (em séries com intervalos de descanso). Dos 1667 pacientes com LTA tratados nesse período, 148 (8,9 porcento) apresentavam LM/LMC. Destes, 98 (66,2 porcento) tratados com antimoniato de meglumina 5mg Sb5+/Kg/dia foram incluídos neste estudoA maioria dos pacientes eram homens que desempenhavam atividades de risco para LTA na região Sudeste do Brasil. A apresentação clínica mais frequente foi a forma mucosa tardia com acometimento nasal. Os pacientes submetidos ao tratamento em séries eram na maioria mais velhos e, possivelmente, com mais co-morbidades. Ambos os esquemas terapêuticos apresentaram boa efetividade com reduzido número de efeitos adversos. Mesmo nos pacientes com necessidade de retratamento, estes esquemas se mantiveram bem tolerados e eficazes. Os pacientes que foram tratados com anfotericina B ou alta dose de antimoniato de meglumina após o tratamento com baixa dose, responderam adequadamente. O tratamento com antimoniato de meglumina 5mg Sb5+/Kg/dia se mostrou efetivo e bem tolerado no tratamento da LM/LMC, com 91,7 porcento de cura, mesmo que tendo sido necessário mais de um tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antimony , Leishmania , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology
6.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 71(5): 609-616, set.-out. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-423575

ABSTRACT

A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa de evolução crônica, causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae. Acomete com freqüência a mucosa das cavidades nasais, independentemente da forma clínica, antes mesmo do aparecimento de lesões na pele ou em outras partes do corpo, na presença ou não de queixas clínicas. OBJETIVO: Mostrar a eficácia da endoscopia nasal na identificação de lesões mucosas endonasais e a importância do especialista Otorrinolaringologista no diagnóstico e no acompanhamento dos pacientes com hanseníase. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Clínico retrospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo de 173 prontuários de pacientes, sem tratamento prévio, durante o período de 1990 a 2000, no Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica do Hospital Evandro Chagas Fiocruz. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes apresentaram lesões nasais, sendo 121 com e 52 sem queixas clínicas. DISCUSSÃO: O exame endoscópico das cavidades nasais não só permitiu identificar precocemente alterações da mucosa em pacientes com hanseníase como também permitiu identificar a evolução das lesões. Este tipo de exame também auxilia na instituição do tratamento local. CONCLUSÃO: Justificam-se a avaliação e o acompanhamento de todos os pacientes com hanseníase pelo Otorrinolaringologista junto à equipe multidisciplinar, oferecendo ao paciente a precocidade no diagnóstico e o tratamento específico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/pathology , Endoscopy/methods , Leprosy/pathology , Nasal Mucosa/pathology , Paranasal Sinuses/pathology , Biopsy , Follow-Up Studies , Leprosy/complications
7.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 38(3): 213-217, maio-jun. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-399910

ABSTRACT

Descrição de uma série retrospectiva de 151 casos de leishmaniose cutânea atendidos entre 1967 e 1982. Destes, 139 (92%) pacientes apresentavam lesões ativas e foram tratados com antimoniato de meglumina diariamente: 81 adultos receberam uma ampola de 5ml e 58 crianças receberam 1 a 5ml. Quarenta e cinco (32,4%) pacientes receberam tratamento antimonial contínuo durante 25 a 116 dias e 94 (67,6%) receberam tratamento intermitente com 2 a 5 séries de antimoniato de meglumina, cada uma delas com duração de 10 a 25 dias e cujos intervalos de descanso entre as séries variaram de 10 a 60 dias. A dose de antimônio, calculada retrospectivamente em 66 (47,5%) casos, variou entre 3,9 e 28,7mg Sb5+/kg/dia. Desses pacientes, 35 receberam >10mg e 31 receberam <10mg Sb5+/kg/dia. Não houve diferença significativa no tempo de cicatrização entre adultos e crianças, entre esquemas intermitentes e ininterrupto, nem entre doses altas e baixas. Entretanto, o tempo de cicatrização nas pernas e pés (67,5 dias) foi superior ao encontrado em outras localizações (48,7 dias) (p < 0,001). Cinqüenta e um pacientes foram reavaliados entre cinco e 14 anos após o tratamento e mantinham-se clinicamente curados. Essa série originou ensaios clínicos prospectivos utilizando doses baixas de antimônio no Rio de Janeiro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Antiprotozoal Agents/administration & dosage , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Meglumine/administration & dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
8.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 38(3): 213-7, 2005.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15895170

ABSTRACT

We retrospectively analyzed a series of 151 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis treated between 1967 and 1982. One-hundred-and-thirty-nine (92%) patients presented with active lesions and were treated with daily doses of meglumine antimoniate: 81 adults received a 5-ml vial IM and 58 children received 1 to 5 ml. Forty-five (32.4%) patients underwent continuous treatment with meglumine antimoniate for 25 to 116 days without rest intervals, and 94 (67.6%) intermittent treatment with 2 to 5 series of meglumine antimoniate. Intermittent series could include schedules of daily IM applications for 10 to 25 days each and intervals varying from 10 to 60 days. Antimony dose was calculated for 66 (47.5%) patients and ranged from 3.9 to 28.7 Sb5+/kg/day. Of these, 35 patients received > or =10 mg and 31 patients < 10 mg Sb5+/kg/day. Median time of healing was longer for lesions on the legs and feet -- 67.5 days versus 48.7 days (p < 0.001) for other sites. However, there were no significant differences in the median time of healing between adults and children, intermittent and continuous regimens or high and low antimony doses. Fifty-one patients were reassessed 5 to 14 years after treatment and showed no evidence of disease. These results support further investigation (clinical trials) on treatment using low doses of antimony.


Subject(s)
Antiprotozoal Agents/administration & dosage , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Meglumine/administration & dosage , Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Meglumine Antimoniate , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
9.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol ; 71(5): 609-15, 2005.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16612522

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: Leprosy is an infectious condition that has a chronic evolution caused by the Mycobacterium leprae. It very often attacks the nasal cavities mucosa independent of its clinical form, even before skin lesions or lesions to other parts of the body arise, in the presence or not of clinical complaints. AIM: To show the efficiency of nasal endoscopy to identify endonasal mucosa lesions and the importance of the Otorhinolaryngologist in the diagnosis and follow-up of Leprosy patients. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical history study. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A historic study was performed with 173 patient's records without previous treatment from 1990 to 2000 at the Otorhinolaryngology Services, Instituto de Pesquisas Clinicas Hospital Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz. RESULTS: All of the patients showed nasal lesions, 121 with and 52 without clinical complaints. DISCUSSION: Nasal cavities endoscopy exam enabled early identification of the mucosa alteration in Leprosy patients as well as how to identify the evolution of the lesions. This type of exam also helps to establish local treatment. CONCLUSION: The evaluation and follow-up of Leprosy patients by the Otorhinolaryngologist in a multidisciplinary team are justified and offer the patient early diagnosis and specific treatment.


Subject(s)
Endoscopy/methods , Leprosy/pathology , Nasal Mucosa/pathology , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/pathology , Paranasal Sinuses/pathology , Biopsy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Leprosy/complications , Male
11.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 37(5): 407-13, set.-out. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-165507

ABSTRACT

Foi realizado sistematicamente o exame das vias aereas-digestivas superiores (VADS) em grupo e 80 pacientes de paracoccidioidomicose (PCM) acompanhados apos o tratamento especifico por periodo que variou de 8 a 17 anos. A musoca das VADS estava comprometida antes do tratamento especifico em 74 pacientes, assim distribuidos: orofaringe, 50 (41 isoladamente, 7 em associacao com o laringe e 2 com a mucosa nasal); laringe, 30 (23 isoladamente e 7 em associacao) e nasal, 3 ( 1 isoladamente e 2 em associacao). Em todos os 50 que apresentavam lesoes inativas, 3 com cicatriz viciosa (1 com retracao de lingua e 2 diminuicao de orificio oral). Houve lesao destrutiva em 1 caso com perfuracao do palato. Nos 46 casos restantes, o exame mostrou cicatriz estriada branco nacarada em alguns quase iperceptivel e em outros com retracao parcial de estruturas anatomicos sem alteracoes de suas caracteristicas. Houve grande numero de falhas dentarias...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Endoscopy , Laryngoscopy , Larynx/injuries , Oropharynx/injuries , Respiratory System/injuries
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