ABSTRACT
Although polychaetes from the Bermuda Archipelago have been studied since the beginning of the twentieth century, syllids have been particularly neglected in this area, which is surprising considering this family is usually a dominant group in marine benthic ecosystems. To fill this knowledge gap, we have carried out an extensive analysis of Bermudan Syllidae, combining morphological and molecular data including four nuclear and mitochondrial markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 18S rRNA, 16S rRNA and 28S rRNA). We have identified and established the phylogenetic position of five new species, Haplosyllis anitae n. sp., Haplosyllis guillei n. sp., Haplosyllis larsi n. sp., Haplosyllis vassiae n. sp. and Syllis laiae n. sp., together with Haplosyllis cf. cephalata. Overall, our results extend the knowledge on the diversity of Syllidae in Bermuda, increasing the number of species present in the area to 25. Our results also recover Opisthosyllis and Syllis as non-monophyletic genera, for which traditional diagnostic morphological features do not accurately reflect their evolutionary histories, and thus we propose that these groups should be reorganized based on molecular characters.
Subject(s)
Fasciitis, Necrotizing , Immunocompromised Host , Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic/complications , Serratia Infections/immunology , Serratia Infections/pathology , Serratia marcescens/isolation & purification , Fasciitis, Necrotizing/immunology , Fasciitis, Necrotizing/microbiology , Fasciitis, Necrotizing/pathology , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Edema/pathology , Eyelid Diseases/pathology , Eyelids/pathology , Acute Disease , Aged , Diagnosis, Differential , Edema/etiology , Eyelid Diseases/etiology , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Conjunctival Neoplasms/diagnosis , Nevus, Pigmented/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Child , Conjunctival Neoplasms/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Melanoma/diagnosis , Nevus, Pigmented/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Skin Neoplasms/surgerySubject(s)
Facial Dermatoses/virology , Facial Pain/virology , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/diagnosis , Herpesvirus 3, Human/isolation & purification , Aged , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Diagnosis, Differential , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/drug therapy , Facial Pain/diagnosis , Facial Pain/drug therapy , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/drug therapy , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/virology , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous metastases can have variable clinical appearances and can mimic benign skin lesions. They are usually seen in patients with advanced disease, but they can be the presenting lesion. CASE PRESENTATION: A 48-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of progressive appearance of multiple asymptomatic nodular lesions on the chest. The recognition of cutaneous metastases often dramatically alters therapeutic plans, especially when metastases signify persistence of cancer originally thought to be cured. The most common tumor to metastasize to the skin is breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Every practitioner should be highly suspicious of acute-onset, persistent, firm papulonodules, especially when they develop on the chest.