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1.
IFMBE ; 101: 273-280, jan. 2024.
Article in Portuguese | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1527033

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Conducting a clinical study is a complex and challenging task, so using technology to facilitate the process is necessary for the medical and scientific community. Data digitization is needed to store and process it. Digitization speeds up data visualization techniques so scientists can analyze it most effectively depending on their goals. In this project, we developed two digital tools related to the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) data, one for digitizing PDF reports and the other for generating databases. The latter was a web-based database visualization dashboard. Users can select parameters of interest and check for differences among subgroups. Basic statistical tests are performed for each variable under analysis, and its results are presented in numerical and graphical formats. The initial statistical tests and the derived recommendation will guide the research team in deeper statistical analysis and robust analysis supporting more decisive conclusions. We ended up with the first version for both tools and validated it using patients' CPET data from the Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology. We conducted a pilot study to verify if the tools served their purpose and observed that both programs worked as planned. The tools can be further tailored to be clinically or research-oriented. On the analysis of CPET's results, the conclusions for our example study were in line with what is presented in the bibliography for cardiorespiratory physiology.


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care , Residence Characteristics
2.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 33(2B): 142-142, abr. 2023. ilus
Article in Portuguese | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1437989

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A Insuficiência Cardíaca com Fração de Ejeção Preservada (ICFEP) é uma doença de alta prevalência e de difícil diagnóstico devido ao fato que parte dos pacientes apresenta alterações apenas quando submetidos a determinadas condições de estresse hemodinâmico como elevação da pré-carga e da pós-carga do ventrículo esquerdo. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a efetividade de um setup para elevação da pós-carga em pacientes com ICFEP. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se medida da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) e frequência cardíaca (FC) em repouso no membro superior direito com o paciente em decúbito supino seguindo as diretrizes da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. Em seguida, realizou-se um teste de elevação de pós-carga através da contração isométrica da mão esquerda com 60% da força máxima com um dinamômetro combinada com compressão pneumática de ambos os membros inferiores 20 mmHg acima da pressão sistólica utilizando dois esfigmomanômetros. Uma nova medida da pressão e frequência cardíaca foi realizada após 30s de início da manobra. Para comparação das métricas entre repouso e estresse, utilizou-se o teste-t pareado com intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: A população do estudo foi de 37 pacientes: 17 controles e 20 com ICFEP. A idade foi 58 ± 15 anos e 19 (51%) eram do sexo feminino. Houve diferença significativa para PAS: 128,2 ± 17,7 mmHg e 146,7 ± 19,9 mmHg (p<0,001) e FC 66 ± 11 bpm x 77 ± 14 bpm (p<0,001) repouso e estresse, respectivamente (Figura 1). CONCLUSÃO: O setup utilizado foi efetivo em elevar a pós-carga na população estudada. Os dados desta pesquisa têm grande potencial de aplicação para protocolos alternativos ao exercício padrão em cicloergômetro como teste provocativo para diagnóstico de ICFEP. Palavras-chaves: Insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada, Aumento de pós-carga, Teste de Estresse.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure, Diastolic , Isolated Systolic Hypertension
3.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 32(supl.2B): 126-126, abr.-jun. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1377708

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O teste cardiopulmonar de exercício (TCPE) é o padrão ouro para função cardiorrespiratória de pacientes. Por conta disso, os dados obtidos por meio deste são extremamente relevantes em pesquisas clínicas. No entanto, há situações em que, por conta de limitações dos equipamentos, a obtenção e armazenamento dos resultados destes exames se torna um processo complicado e dispendioso. OBJETIVO: Desenvolver ferramentas capazes de: 1) Digitalizar os dados nos formatos disponibilizados pelos equipamentos e montar um banco de dados; 2) Permitam uma análise, visualização e comparação otimizadas desses dados. MÉTODOS: Inicialmente, os laudos obtidos diretamente do equipamento são lidos por um programa, os valores dos parâmetros são armazenados durante os tempos mais relevantes do teste (limiares aeróbico e anaeróbico, VO2 máximo etc.) em um arquivo que servirá como banco de dados relacional. Esta base de dados é então utilizada para montar um Dashboard onde se pode selecionar a variável e o intervalo de tempo que se deseja comparar entre os grupos. Nele são mostrados histogramas e gráficos violinos para se comparar visualmente os grupos (figuras 1 e 2) e estatísticas dos dados coletados junto a: 1) Resultado de um teste de normalidade para o parâmetro escolhido; 2) Resultado (p-valor) de um teste de hipótese (paramétrico caso a distribuição seja considerada normal, ou não paramétrico caso contrário); 3) Os tamanhos mínimos que as amostras devem possuir para que os resultados dos testes possam ser considerados estatisticamente significativos. Por fim, é possível analisar, em uma segunda página desta ferramenta os valores individuais de cada paciente, sendo possível filtrar e visualizar apenas os valores dentro de um intervalo desejado. (Figura 4) RESULTADOS: As ferramentas desenvolvidas foram utilizadas na base de dados dos pacientes do Ambulatório de Medicina Cardiovascular Personalizada com os resultados de 102 exames. O Dashboard foi utilizado para realizar um estudo comparativo entre os pacientes homens e mulheres do ambulatório com resultados coerentes com a literatura. CONCLUSÕES: Com estas ferramentas foi possível, rapidamente, digitalizar e armazenar os dados montando um arquivo com as informações de todos pacientes. Ademais, também permitiu realizar um estudo exemplo comparando todos pacientes gerando imagens que auxiliam a visualizar os resultados e os respectivos p-valores para cada comparação.


Subject(s)
Exercise Test , Process Optimization , Data Visualization
4.
IFMBE proceedings ; 83: 1673-1675, 2022. graf
Article in English | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1371319

ABSTRACT

The form of analysis of the cardiac signal most used today is the electrocardiogram (ECG). However, in addition to this form of data visualization, there is the vectorcardiogram (VCG), that allows a visualization of the signal in 3 dimensions. This study aims to compare the different ECG to VCG transformation matrices Kors and Inverse Dower (iDower), by analyzing some known parameters taken from VCG's mathematically synthesized from 12-lead ECG's of amyloidosis patients. The idea is also to compare that similarity for patients with different types of amyloidosis. The study was done through the analysis of electrocardiograms taken from a sample of 12 humans who have amyloidosis, either mutant or wild-type. The results indicated that there is not much similarity between the signals, although the similarity was higher for patients with mutant amyloidosis than for those with wild-type amyloidosis.


Subject(s)
Electrocardiography , Amyloidosis
5.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 31(supl. 2B): 135-135, abr-jun., 2021. ilus.
Article in Portuguese | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1284180

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O eletrocardiograma (ECG) é uma ferramenta diagnóstica primordial em cardiologia. Através de técnicas de pós-processamento do ECG digital é possível extrair dados do clássico vetorcardiograma (VCG) e ampliar as possibilidades do método. OBJETIVO: Comparar os dados matriciais do ECG entre os pacientes portadores de hipertrofia ventricular patológica (Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica e Amiloidose Cardíaca) e o grupo controle utilizando duas matrizes diferentes de transformação de ECG para VCG: a matriz inversa de Dower (iDower) e a matriz de Kors. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados VCGs sintetizados a partir das duas matrizes, iDower e Kors, e tais exames foram obtidos para o grupo hipertrófico, composto por 11 pacientes, e para o grupo controle, com cinco pacientes. O tempo de coleta do ECG foi de 10 minutos e, para cada paciente, foram analisados 10 VCGs, referentes a cada minuto da coleta. Foram analisados a amplitude cúbica (mV), por meio da análise da variação dos valores, e o ângulo do complexo QRS e da onda T, por meio da análise de dados circulares. RESULTADOS: Em relação aos ângulos, as médias dos ângulos de cada grupo tiveram maior proximidade no grupo controle e menor no grupo hipertrófico. A variação destes ângulos foi maior utilizando a matriz de Kors para o grupo controle (Figura.1); no entanto, no grupo hipertrófico a maior variação no observada na matriz iDower (Figura 2). Em relação à amplitude cúbica das ondas, a variação foi pequena para ambos os grupos, porém com proximidade maior na onda T, e não houve diferença notável em relação às matrizes. CONCLUSÃO: Analisando as variáveis angulares e de amplitude cúbica nas ondas QRS e T para o grupo controle e hipertrófico, não foi observada diferença significativa entre os grupos. Tal proximidade entre as variáveis também foi observada considerando as matrizes de transformação.


Subject(s)
Vectorcardiography , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/diagnostic imaging , Electrocardiography
6.
Physiol Meas ; 38(6): 992-1005, 2017 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28378711

ABSTRACT

Objective and approach: In this study, we estimated the constant phase model (CPM) parameters from the respiratory impedance of male BALB/c mice by performing the forced oscillation technique (FOT) in a control group (n = 8) and in a murine model of asthma (OVA) (n = 10). Then, we compared the results obtained by two different methods, using a commercial equipment (flexiVent-flexiWare 7.X; SCIREQ, Montreal, Canada) (FXV) and a wavetube method equipment (Sly et al 2003 J. Appl. Physiol. 94 1460-6) (WVT). We believe that the results from different methods may not be comparable. First, we compared the results performing a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the resistance, elastance and tissue damping. MAIN RESULTS: We found statistically significant differences in all CPM parameters, except for resistance, when comparing Control and OVA groups. When comparing devices, we found statistically significant differences in resistance, while differences in elastance were not observed. For tissue damping, the results from WVT were observed to be higher than those from FXV. Finally, when comparing the relative variation between the CPM parameters of the Control and OVA groups in both devices, no significant differences were observed for all parameters. SIGNIFICANCE: We then conclude that this assessment can compensate the effect of using different cannulas. Furthermore, tissue damping differences between groups can be compensated, since bronchoconstrictors were not used. Therefore, we believe that relative variations in the results between groups can be a comparing parameter when using different equipment without bronchoconstrictor administration.


Subject(s)
Electric Impedance , Respiratory Mechanics , Animals , Asthma/physiopathology , Bronchoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Models, Biological , Respiratory Mechanics/drug effects , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
7.
Eur Respir J ; 39(2): 254-64, 2012 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21700603

ABSTRACT

It has recently been suggested that regular exercise reduces lung function decline and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among active smokers; however, the mechanisms involved in this effect remain poorly understood. The present study evaluated the effects of regular exercise training in an experimental mouse model of chronic cigarette smoke exposure. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups (control, exercise, smoke and smoke+exercise). For 24 weeks, we measured respiratory mechanics, mean linear intercept, inflammatory cells and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, collagen deposition in alveolar walls, and the expression of antioxidant enzymes, matrix metalloproteinase 9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)1, interleukin (IL)-10 and 8-isoprostane in alveolar walls. Exercise attenuated the decrease in pulmonary elastance (p<0.01) and the increase in mean linear intercept (p=0.003) induced by cigarette smoke exposure. Exercise substantially inhibited the increase in ROS in BAL fluid and 8-isoprostane expression in lung tissue induced by cigarette smoke. In addition, exercise significantly inhibited the decreases in IL-10, TIMP1 and CuZn superoxide dismutase induced by exposure to cigarette smoke. Exercise also increased the number of cells expressing glutathione peroxidase. Our results suggest that regular aerobic physical training of moderate intensity attenuates the development of pulmonary disease induced by cigarette smoke exposure.


Subject(s)
Oxidative Stress/physiology , Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Respiratory Mechanics/physiology , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Animals , Antioxidants/metabolism , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunology , Dinoprost/analogs & derivatives , Dinoprost/metabolism , Emphysema/etiology , Emphysema/physiopathology , Emphysema/prevention & control , Interleukin-10/metabolism , Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism , Male , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Pulmonary Alveoli/metabolism , Pulmonary Alveoli/physiopathology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/etiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/prevention & control , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/metabolism
8.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 44(5): 460-468, May 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-586504

ABSTRACT

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with inflammatory cell reactions, tissue destruction and lung remodeling. Many signaling pathways for these phenomena are still to be identified. We developed a mouse model of COPD to evaluate some pathophysiological mechanisms acting during the initial stage of the disease. Forty-seven 6- to 8-week-old female C57/BL6 mice (approximately 22 g) were exposed for 2 months to cigarette smoke and/or residual oil fly ash (ROFA), a concentrate of air pollution. We measured lung mechanics, airspace enlargement, airway wall thickness, epithelial cell profile, elastic and collagen fiber deposition, and by immunohistochemistry transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), macrophage elastase (MMP12), neutrophils and macrophages. We observed regional airspace enlargements near terminal bronchioles associated with the exposure to smoke or ROFA. There were also increases in airway resistance and thickening of airway walls in animals exposed to smoke. In the epithelium, we noted a decrease in the ciliated cell area of animals exposed to smoke and an increase in the total cell area associated with exposure to both smoke and ROFA. There was also an increase in the expression of TGF-β1 both in the airways and parenchyma of animals exposed to smoke. However, we could not detect inflammatory cell recruitment, increases in MMP12 or elastic and collagen fiber deposition. After 2 months of exposure to cigarette smoke and/or ROFA, mice developed regional airspace enlargements and airway epithelium remodeling, although no inflammation or increases in fiber deposition were detected. Some of these phenomena may have been mediated by TGF-β1.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Airway Remodeling/physiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Respiratory Mucosa/physiopathology , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Arterioles/pathology , Collagen/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Immunohistochemistry , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/etiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/pathology , Respiratory Mucosa/pathology , Time Factors , Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
9.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 44(5): 460-8, 2011 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21445523

ABSTRACT

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with inflammatory cell reactions, tissue destruction and lung remodeling. Many signaling pathways for these phenomena are still to be identified. We developed a mouse model of COPD to evaluate some pathophysiological mechanisms acting during the initial stage of the disease. Forty-seven 6- to 8-week-old female C57/BL6 mice (approximately 22 g) were exposed for 2 months to cigarette smoke and/or residual oil fly ash (ROFA), a concentrate of air pollution. We measured lung mechanics, airspace enlargement, airway wall thickness, epithelial cell profile, elastic and collagen fiber deposition, and by immunohistochemistry transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1), macrophage elastase (MMP12), neutrophils and macrophages. We observed regional airspace enlargements near terminal bronchioles associated with the exposure to smoke or ROFA. There were also increases in airway resistance and thickening of airway walls in animals exposed to smoke. In the epithelium, we noted a decrease in the ciliated cell area of animals exposed to smoke and an increase in the total cell area associated with exposure to both smoke and ROFA. There was also an increase in the expression of TGF-ß1 both in the airways and parenchyma of animals exposed to smoke. However, we could not detect inflammatory cell recruitment, increases in MMP12 or elastic and collagen fiber deposition. After 2 months of exposure to cigarette smoke and/or ROFA, mice developed regional airspace enlargements and airway epithelium remodeling, although no inflammation or increases in fiber deposition were detected. Some of these phenomena may have been mediated by TGF-ß1.


Subject(s)
Airway Remodeling/physiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Respiratory Mucosa/physiopathology , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Animals , Arterioles/pathology , Collagen/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Immunohistochemistry , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/etiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/pathology , Respiratory Mucosa/pathology , Time Factors , Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
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