Screening of 20 species from Lamiaceae family based on phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity and HPLC profiling.

The Lamiaceae family encompasses numerous species highly valued for their applications in medicine, food, and cosmetics. In order to screen the Lamiaceae family and discover new sources of phytochemicals and antioxidants, we comprehensively evaluated 20 species from this family, including Phlomis herba-venti, P. tuberosa, P. olivieri, P. kurdica, Nepeta sp., N. cataria, N. saccharata, Stachys sp., S. inflata, Scutellaria albida, Marrubium parviflora, Mentha pulegium, Thymus kotschyanus, Lamium album, Salvia officinalis, S. multicaulis, S. macrochlamys, S. candidissima, S. verticillata, and S. nemorosa. The aerial parts of these species were analyzed to determine their total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents, total tannin content (TTC), ascorbic acid content (AAC), antioxidant capacity (assessed by FRAP and DPPH assays), and polyphenolic components (by HPLC). The phytochemical compounds and antioxidant properties varied widely among different species. The highest concentrations of TPC (70.93 mg GAE/g DW), TFC (17.89 mg Que/g DW), TTC (6.49 mg TAE/100 g), and AAC (1.15 mg AA/g DW), as well as the greatest antioxidant activity, were observed in different Salvia species. Additionally, chlorogenic and rosmarinic acids were the primary phenolic compounds identified in the extracts from the investigated Lamiaceae family. According to Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), three groups of species were identified, characterized by variations in phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity. The results obtained can provide new natural sources of phytochemicals and antioxidant agents, particularly from Salvia species, for the advancement of new products in the food, agricultural, cosmetics and health industries.

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Nepeta fissa - first report from Iran.

In recent years, scientific interest in natural products has burgeoned. The genus Nepeta is one of the most important medicinal plants belongs to family Lamiaceae. In this study, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant potential and distribution of individual phenolic compounds by HPLC-MS/MS were determined in native Nepeta fissa Benth species. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity (by DPPH and FRAP assays) values were measured in N. fissa as 43.07 mg GAE/g dw, 3.77 mg q/g dw, 197.85 µg/mL (IC50 value) and 1.15 µmol Fe++/g dw, respectively. The most abundant flavonoid, phenolic acid, and anthraquinone in the analyzed N. fissa extracts were rutin, ferulic acid, and chrysophanol, respectively. As a conclusion, results of present study showed that N. fissa was rich in some phenolic compounds and exhibited antioxidant activity. The obtained results can provide new safe resources to the development of new products for the pharmaceutical industries.