Comparison of cell casted and 3D-printed plastic scintillators for dosimetry applications.

Currently, the most used methods of plastic scintillator (PS) manufacturing are cell casting and bulk polymerisation, extrusion, injection molding, whereas digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technique has been recently introduced. For our research, we measured blue-emitting EJ-200, EJ-208, green-emitting EJ-260, EJ-262 cell cast and two types of blue-emitting DLP-printed PSs. The light output of the samples, with the same dimension of 10 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm, was compared. The light output of the samples, relative to the reference EJ-200 cell-cast scintillator, equals about 40-49 and 70-73% for two types of 3D-printed, and two green-emitting cell-casted PSs, respectively. Performance of the investigated scintillators is sufficient to use them in a plastic scintillation dosemeter operating in high fluence gamma radiation fields.

Degradation of the TBC system during the static oxidation test.

This study was done on the IN-738 type alloy with thermal barrier coatings. On the basic surface of the NiCoCrAlY superalloy, VPS-sprayed powder was applied as the bond-coat. In addition, ZrO(2)x 8%Y(2)O(3) powder was used for a deposition outside the top surface of a ceramic layer by the APS method. Appropriate control of the spraying process parameters permitted to obtain a gradient of porosity on the thickness of the ceramic coating. Then a static oxidation test at 1100 degrees C and for 1100 h was performed. The basic conclusions of that testing showed that main degradation modes of the gradient thermal barrier coating system were connected with formation of porous NiAl(2)O(4) oxides in the thermally grown oxide area and, consequently, formation of micro-cracks, delamination of a ceramic layer and final spallation of a ceramic top-coat.

Using of sonochemically prepared components for vapor phase growing of SbI3.3S8.

The using of sonochemically prepared components for growth of SbI(3).3S(8) single crystals from the vapor phase is presented for the first time. The good optical quality of the obtained crystals is important because this material is valuable for optoelectronics due to its non-linear optical properties. The products were characterized by using techniques such as X-ray crystallography, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, optical diffuse reflection spectroscopy and optical transmittance spectroscopy. The direct and indirect forbidden energy gaps of SbI(3).3S(8) illuminated with plane polarized light with electric field parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis of the crystal have been determined. The second harmonic generation of light in the grown crystals was observed.

Influence of the solvent on ultrasonically produced SbSI nanowires.

The influence of the substitution of methanol in place of ethanol during the ultrasonic production of antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) nanowires is presented. The new technology is faster and more efficient at temperatures greater than 314 K. The products were characterized by using techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), optical diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS) and IR spectroscopy. The coexistence of Pna2(1) (ferroelectric) and Pnam (paraelectric) phases at 298 K was observed in the SbSI nanowires produced in methanol. The methanol decomposes during the sonication or due to the adsorption process on SbSI nanowires.

Sonochemical preparation of SbSeI gel.

A novel sonochemical method for direct preparation of nanocrystalline antimony selenoiodide (SbSeI) has been established. The SbSeI gel was synthesized using elemental Sb, Se, and I in the presence of ethanol under ultrasonic irradiation (35 kHz, 2W/cm(2)) at 50 degrees C for 2h. The product was characterized by using techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and optical diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS). The SEM and HRTEM investigations exhibit that the as-prepared samples are made up of large quantity nanowires with lateral dimensions of about 20-50 nm and lengths reaching up to several micrometers and single crystalline in nature.

Sonochemical preparation of SbSI gel.

A novel sonochemical method for direct preparation of nanocrystalline antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) has been established. The SbSI gel was synthesized using elemental Sb, S and I in the presence of ethanol under ultrasonic irradiation (35 kHz, 2 W/cm2) at 50 degrees C for 2 h. The products were characterized by using techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and optical diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS). The SEM and HRTEM investigations exhibit that the as-prepared samples are made up of large quantity nanowires with diameters of about 10-50 nm and lengths reaching up to several micrometers and single-crystalline in nature.