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1.
Rev. cuba. salud pública ; 45(3): e1289, jul.-sep. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1058442

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En el Municipio de Popayán, departamento del Cauca, Colombia, hay más de 23 asentamientos, donde viven cerca de 4 mil personas desplazadas en condición de vulnerabilidad y pobreza, quienes, en su mayoría, no están protegidos por el del sistema de salud y carecen de atención odontológica. Objetivo: Aplicar los conocimientos sobre salud oral adquiridos en la carrera de odontología, para mejorar la salud bucodental en comunidades vulnerables y desplazadas que viven en condiciones de pobreza en Popayán, Cauca, Colombia. Método: Estudio cualitativo, tipo investigación acción. La población beneficiada se conformó por 1515 personas, a las que se le aplicaron procedimientos educativos, preventivos, curativos y restaurativos, durante 5 años. Resultados: La población más beneficiada fue la vulnerable; los más atendidos fueron: en cuanto a género. el femenino; rango de edad, niños entre 3 y 8 años y adultos, de 36 y más años. El procedimiento odontológico que más se realizó en niños fue la profilaxis dental y en adultos el raspaje supragingival. Conclusiones: Aplicar el currículo de la carrera de Odontología centrado en la promoción de salud y en el aprendizaje contextualizado a partir de su aplicación en virtud del desarrollo de la comunidad, lo convierte en un currículo con mayor compromiso social. Y la comunidad que recibe los beneficios se convierte en ente activo de los procesos de promoción de salud oral. La población vulnerable y la desplazada manifiestan receptividad ante los tratamientos clínicos orales que se le ofrecen(AU)


Introduction: In the municipality of Popayán, department of Cauca, Colombia, there are more than 23 settlements, where nearly 4000 displaced people live in conditions of vulnerability and poverty, most of whom are outside the health system and lack of dental care. Objective: To apply the knowledge on oral health according to the level of academic complexity acquired during Odontology major to improve dental health of vulnerable and displaced communities living in poverty conditions in Popayán, Cauca, Colombia. Methods: Qualitative study, research-action type. The beneficiary population was formed by 1,515 people who underwent educational, preventive, curative and restorative procedures during five years. Results: The most favored population was the vulnerable one; the most attended were: female gender; children in ages from 3 to 8 years old, and adults of 36 years old and over. The dental procedure that was carried out the most in children was dental prophylaxis, and supragingival scaling in adults. Conclusions: The appliance of Odontology major´s curriculum focused in health promotion and in the contextualized learning from its use towards the development of the community makes it an entity with bigger social commitment. The community that receives the benefits becomes an active body in the processes of dental health promotion. Vulnerable and displaced populations show receptiveness to the oral clinical treatments offered to them(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Refugees , Risk Groups , Oral Health/ethnology , Preventive Dentistry , Oral Medicine , Colombia
2.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiquiatr ; 35(125): 111-121, ene.-mar. 2015.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-131259

ABSTRACT

El DSM-5 salió a la luz en mayo de 2013, generando gran expectativa y controversia por sus cambios e inclusiones, como la eliminación de los ejes diagnósticos, la organización del manual en un modelo de “ciclo vital”, la aparición de nuevas entidades y el ajuste en los criterios de diagnóstico de muchos trastornos. El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar una aproximación al manual desde una perspectiva latinoamericana, exponiendo las opiniones personales de los autores respecto a los principales cambios (AU)


Since that DSM appeared on may of 2013, was generated an important expectative and controversy because of its changes in inclusions, the elimination of diagnostic axes, the manual’s organization in a model of “life cycle”, the emergence of new entities and the adjust in the criteria of diagnosis of many disorders. The aim of this paper is show an approach to manual from a Latin American perspective, and exposes the opinions of the authors regarding the major changes (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Psychiatry/education , Psychiatry/history , Psychiatry/organization & administration , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Neuropsychiatry/education , Neuropsychiatry/history , Neuropsychiatry/methods , Somatoform Disorders/epidemiology , Somatoform Disorders/history , Psychiatric Department, Hospital/organization & administration , Psychiatric Department, Hospital/standards , Personality Disorders/epidemiology , Intellectual Disability/epidemiology , Neuropsychiatry/classification , Neuropsychiatry/trends , Depression/epidemiology
3.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 42(supl.1): 12-18, oct.-dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-721222

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El suicidio es un problema mayor de salud pública. Se cree que los medios de comunicación desempeñan un papel importante en la aparición de la conducta suicida. Determinados subgrupos de la población (por ejemplo, los jóvenes, las personas que sufren de depresión) pueden ser especialmente vulnerables a involucrarse en conductas suicidas imitativas. Objetivos: Caracterizar las noticias publicadas sobre suicidio en los medios de comunicación impresos en Bogotá; identificar estrategias, modelos o estructuras utilizadas en los medios de comunicación escritos (periódicos) para informar sobre casos de suicidio; establecer si la manera de informar sobre casos de suicidio es adecuada a la luz de las recomendaciones señaladas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Material y métodos: Se efectuó una búsqueda de las noticias sobre suicidios o intentos de suicidio ocurridos en el país, que fueron publicadas en 3 periódicos de Colombia, 2 con circulación nacional (El Espectador y El Tiempo) y uno con circulación local (El Espacio), durante el periodo comprendido entre agosto de 2009 y agosto de 2011. Se comparó el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de la OMS en los 3 periódicos utilizando pruebas exactas de Fisher, se evaluó la frecuencia de publicación de noticias mediante gráficos de control estadístico y se analizaron los titulares de las noticias mediante análisis lexicométrico. Resultados: Durante el periodo estudiado, se encontró un total de 135 noticias correspondientes a casos ocurridos en Colombia. Aunque hubo diferencias entre los 3 periódicos, ninguno de ellos cumplió completamente las recomendaciones de la OMS. No se detectaron claras tendencias seculares en la frecuencia de presentación de noticias. Se encontraron 3 estilos en la presentación de las noticias (sugestivo, sensacionalista y revelador del impacto en los sobrevivientes) que se asocian con cada uno de los 3 periódicos evaluados.


Introduction: Suicide is a major public health problem. It is believed that the media plays an important role in the onset of suicidal behavior. Certain sub-groups of the population (for instance, young people or those suffering from depression) can be especially vulnerable to engage in imitative suicidal behaviors. Objectives: To characterize news reports on suicide published in the printed press in Bogotá. To identify strategies, models or structures used in the print media (newspapers) to report suicide cases. To establish whether the way of reporting suicide cases is appropriate according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). Materials and methods: A detailed search was performed to find news on suicide or suicide attempts published in three Colombian newspapers -2 of them with national circulation (El Espectador and El Tiempo), and one with local circulation (El Espacio)-, during the period between August 2009 and August 2011. Compliance with WHO recommendations by the 3 newspapers was compared using Fisher tests; the frequency of news release was assessed using statistical control charts, and headlines were evaluated by lexicometric analysis. Results: During the study period, a total of 135 items of news relating to cases occurring in Colombia were found. Although there were differences between the newspapers, none of them fully met the WHO recommendations. There was no clear trend in the way of presenting the news. Three styles were found in the presentation of news (suggestive, sensationalist, and revealing impact on survivors), which could be associated with each of the 3 newspapers evaluated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Suicide , News , Suicide/psychology , Risk Factors , Self-Injurious Behavior , Colombia , Communications Media
4.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr ; 43 Suppl 1: 12-8, 2013.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26574109

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Suicide is a major public health problem. It is believed that the media plays an important role in the onset of suicidal behavior. Certain sub-groups of the population (for instance, young people or those suffering from depression) can be especially vulnerable to engage in imitative suicidal behaviors. OBJECTIVES: To characterize news reports on suicide published in the printed press in Bogotá. To identify strategies, models or structures used in the print media (newspapers) to report suicide cases. To establish whether the way of reporting suicide cases is appropriate according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A detailed search was performed to find news on suicide or suicide attempts published in three Colombian newspapers -2 of them with national circulation (El Espectador and El Tiempo), and one with local circulation (El Espacio)-, during the period between August 2009 and August 2011. Compliance with WHO recommendations by the 3 newspapers was compared using Fisher tests; the frequency of news release was assessed using statistical control charts, and headlines were evaluated by lexicometric analysis. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 135 items of news relating to cases occurring in Colombia were found. Although there were differences between the newspapers, none of them fully met the WHO recommendations. There was no clear trend in the way of presenting the news. Three styles were found in the presentation of news (suggestive, sensationalist, and revealing impact on survivors), which could be associated with each of the 3 newspapers evaluated.

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