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1.
JACC Case Rep ; 29(13): 102392, 2024 Jul 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38912318

ABSTRACT

Despite advancements in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) technology, numerous complications continue to be associated with these devices. The interactions between LVADs and other electronic devices and the effects of electrostatic discharge (ESD) are not well established. This study reports a rare case of ESD causing pump malfunction in an implantable LVAD.

2.
J Intensive Care Med ; 38(3): 299-306, 2023 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35934953

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies suggest that ketamine stimulates breathing. We investigated whether adding a ketamine infusion at low and high doses to propofol sedation improves inspiratory flow and enhances sedation in spontaneously breathing critically ill patients. METHODS: In this prospective interventional study, twelve intubated, spontaneously breathing patients received ketamine infusions at 5 mcg/kg/min, followed by 10 mcg/kg/min for 1 h each. Airway flow, pressure, and esophageal pressure were recorded during a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) at baseline, and during the SBT conducted at the end of each ketamine infusion regimen. SBT consisted of one-minute breathing with zero end-expiratory pressure and no pressure support. Changes in inspiratory flow at the pre-specified time points were assessed as the primary outcome. Ketamine-induced change in beta-gamma electroencephalogram power was the key secondary endpoint. We also analyzed changes in other ventilatory parameters respiratory timing, and resistive and elastic inspiratory work of breathing. RESULTS: Ketamine infusion of 5 and 10 mcg/kg/min increased inspiratory flow (median, IQR) from 0.36 (0.29-0.46) L/s at baseline to 0.47 (0.32-0.57) L/s and 0.44 (0.33-0.58) L/s, respectively (p = .013). Resistive work of breathing decreased from 0.4 (0.1-0.6) J/l at baseline to 0.2 (0.1-0.3) J/l after ketamine 10 mcg/kg/min (p = .042), while elastic work of breathing remained unchanged. Electroencephalogram beta-gamma power (19-44 Hz) increased compared to baseline (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: In intubated, spontaneously breathing patients receiving a constant rate of propofol, ketamine increased inspiratory flow, reduced inspiratory work of breathing, and was associated with an "activated" electroencephalographic pattern. These characteristics might facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation.


Subject(s)
Ketamine , Propofol , Humans , Prospective Studies , Respiration, Artificial , Ventilator Weaning , Work of Breathing , Intensive Care Units
6.
Eur Heart J Case Rep ; 5(1): ytaa428, 2021 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33644639

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a complex condition that can be difficult to treat medically, and often surgical intervention is prohibited due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with this intervention. In patients who have failed maximal medical therapy and have progressive symptoms related to their severe TR, heterotopic caval valve implantation (CAVI) offers potential for symptom relief for these patients. CASE SUMMARY: We present two cases of patients with severe TR with symptoms of heart failure that were refractory to medical therapy. Due to extensive comorbidities in these patient's surgical intervention was deemed unsuitable and the decision was made to proceed with heterotopic CAVI in order to try and control their symptoms. Both patients successfully underwent the procedure and had an Edwards SAPIEN 3 valve (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) implanted in the inferior vena cava/right atrium junction. In both patients, there was improvement in the postoperative haemodynamics as measured by invasive and non-invasive methods. Successful discharge was achieved in both patients with improvement in their symptoms. DISCUSSION: Selective use of heterotopic CAVI to treat symptomatic severe TR that is refractory to medical therapy may be a viable option to improve symptoms in those patients that are unsuitable for surgical intervention.

7.
A A Pract ; 15(3): e01415, 2021 Mar 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33684090

ABSTRACT

This case describes a patient who underwent mitral valve replacement (MVR) surgery with preservation of the subvalvular apparatus who suffered anterolateral papillary muscle rupture (PMR) postseparation from cardiopulmonary bypass. This patient had no history of coronary artery disease (CAD); subsequent pathology of the papillary muscle showed evidence of amyloid deposition. Although most PMRs are caused by ischemia from CAD, cardiac amyloidosis must be considered in the absence of CAD and worked up appropriately as cardiac involvement of amyloidosis, especially the amyloid light-chain (AL) subtype, is prognostic of increased mortality that can be mitigated with therapy.


Subject(s)
Amyloidosis , Heart Valve Diseases , Mitral Valve Insufficiency , Amyloidosis/complications , Humans , Mitral Valve/surgery , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/etiology , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Papillary Muscles/diagnostic imaging , Papillary Muscles/surgery
8.
Anesth Analg ; 130(5): 1415-1424, 2020 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31283617

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We developed and implemented a perioperative guideline for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), comprising a preoperative screening tool (BOSTN) and clinical management pathways. OSA was suspected with 2 or more of the following: body mass index ≥30 kg/m, observed apnea, loud snoring, daytime tiredness, and neck circumference ≥16.5 inches in women or ≥ 17.5 inches in men. The primary objective of this study was to assess the association between high BOSTN scores and the requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation after surgery. METHODS: In this hospital registry study, 169,662 noncardiac surgical cases performed at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Boston, MA, between May 2008 and September 2017 were analyzed. We assessed the association between a high BOSTN Score (score ≥2) and the primary outcome of requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation within 7 days after surgery using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for patient-specific factors and case-specific surgical and anesthesiological confounders. Patients with a BOSTN Score ≥2 were assumed to have a high likelihood of suffering from OSA. Key secondary outcome was postoperative desaturation, defined as a peripheral oxygen saturation measurement <90% within 10 minutes of extubation. RESULTS: Invasive mechanical ventilation within 7 days of surgery was necessary in 3170 (2.3%) low-risk cases (BOSTN Score <2) and 664 (2.1%) high-risk cases (BOSTN Score ≥2). A score ≥2 was associated with significantly lower odds of requiring postoperative invasive ventilation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-0.98; P = .017), but with an increased risk of postextubation desaturation (aOR, 1.34; 99.3% CI, 1.21-1.48; P < .001). Patients with a score ≥2 were hospitalized for an average of 3.71 days after surgery, compared to 4.27 days with a score <2 (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 0.87; 99.3% CI, 0.84-0.91; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients at high risk of OSA required postoperative mechanical ventilation less frequently, had higher odds of postoperative desaturation, and were hospitalized for shorter periods of time.


Subject(s)
Disease Management , Mass Screening/methods , Perioperative Care/methods , Polysomnography/methods , Registries , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Female , Hospitals , Humans , Length of Stay/trends , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Retrospective Studies , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/surgery , Snoring/diagnosis , Snoring/physiopathology , Snoring/surgery
9.
Surg Endosc ; 34(10): 1-12, 2020 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31659507

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy provides a minimally invasive alternative to open abdominal surgery. Current data describing its association with hospital readmission and costs in relation to surgeon laparoscopic case volume is limited to smaller databases and subsets of operations. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study of 23,285 adult abdominal operations from 2007 to 2015 compares 30-day readmission rate and costs between laparoscopic and open abdominal operations and examines effect modification by surgeon laparoscopic case volume. Outcomes were all-cause hospital readmission within 30 days after discharge and index hospital admission cost. RESULTS: All-cause hospital readmission rates were significantly lower after laparoscopic abdominal operations compared with open operations (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.56, 95% CI 0.46-0.69, p < 0.001) with a difference in readmission risk attributable to laparoscopic approach of - 4.0% (95% CI - 5.4 to - 2.6%) in complete-case analysis. Among surgeons with a high laparoscopic case volume, the estimated difference in readmission risk through laparoscopy was magnified (- 5.8%, 95% CI - 7.5 to - 4.1%) compared to low surgeon laparoscopic case volume (- 2.9%, 95% CI - 4.8 to -1.1%, p for interaction = 0.005). The estimated difference in costs of the index hospital admission attributable to laparoscopic approach was - $3869 (95% CI - $4200 to - $3538; adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.75-0.79, p < 0.001). Laparoscopy was followed by significantly lower rates of readmissions related to gastrointestinal (aOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.55-0.85, p = 0.001), wound complications (infection: aOR 0.33, 95% CI 0.23-0.47, p < 0.001; non-infectious: aOR 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.74, p = 0.001), and malignancy (aOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.55-0.85, p < 0.001). The findings remain robust after multiple imputation and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy versus open abdominal surgery is associated with reduced hospital readmissions related to malignancy, gastrointestinal, and wound complications. Effect modification by higher laparoscopy case volume argues for continued proliferation of laparoscopy in abdominal surgeries.


Subject(s)
Abdomen/surgery , Hospital Costs , Laparoscopy/economics , Patient Readmission/economics , Surgeons , Aged , Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
10.
Acta méd. costarric ; 58(1): 38-40, ene.-mar. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-778051

ABSTRACT

La Kluyvera cryocrescens es una enterobacteria gram negativa que se ha aislado del esputo, orina, secreción biliar, líquido peritoneal y sangre en los seres humanos, raramente es causa de infección clínicamente significativa. Sin embargo hay varios casos descritos en la bibliografía, donde se ha manifestado con cuadros de sepsis severa y choque séptico, algunos con adecuada respuesta a diferentes terapias antibióticas. Se presenta un caso de sepsis severa, debido a bacteriemia por Kluyvera cryocrescens, en un masculino de 73 años, y se describe su diagnóstico, tratamiento y evolución. El paciente desarrolló la infección durante su estadía hospitalaria y recibió tratamiento 10 días con cefalosporinas de tercera generación, logrando una adecuada resolución de su cuadro.


Kluyvera cryocrescens is a gram-negative enterobacteria that has been isolated from sputum, urine, bile secretion, peritoneal fluid and blood in humans, but rarely causes clinically significant infections. However, there are several cases described in the literature that have presented with symptoms of severe sepsis and septic shock, some with adequate response to different antibiotic therapies. A case of severe sepsis due to Kluyvera cryocrescens bacteremia is described in a 73 year old male, regarding his diagnosis, treatment and outcome. He develops the infection while hospitalized and received a 10 day course of a third generation cephalosporin achieving adequate resolution of the infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Bacteremia , Cephalosporins , Cross Infection , Gram-Negative Bacteria , Kluyvera , Sepsis , Shock, Septic
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