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1.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 32(2): 70-75, 2018.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30182551

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid infiltrations for chronic shoulder pain as an alternative to the non-surgical and surgical treatments that are currently available. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a prospective study of 80 consecutive patients suffering from chronic shoulder pain followed for twelve months. Five subacromial hyaluronic acid injections on five consecutive weeks were administrated to all patients. RESULTS: A significant improvement within the whole group after six months was observed. Constant score improved by 7.7 points, DASH questionnaire decreased by 5 points and Visual Analog Scale for pain decreased by 1.6 points. Patients with history of less than 24 months of pain responded better to treatment. Females responded better. Patients with decreased subacromial space or cuff tear in the MRI improved but patients diagnosed by the MRI of acromioclavicular osteoarthritis worsened in all scales assessed. DISCUSSION: Subacromial hyaluronic acid injections are specially effective in patients with history of less than 24 months of pain, a decreased subacromial space or partial or total cuff tear but, in our experience, its result is not good in patients with acromioclavicular osteoarthritis.


OBJETIVO: Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la efectividad de las infiltraciones subacromiales de ácido hialurónico en el tratamiento del dolor crónico de hombro como alternativa a los tratamientos quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos actualmente disponibles. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo de 80 pacientes consecutivos con dolor crónico de hombro seguidos durante 12 meses. Se realizaron cinco infiltraciones subacromiales con ácido hialurónico durante cinco semanas consecutivas y se analizaron los resultados clínicos obtenidos. RESULTADOS: La puntuación en la escala de Constant mejoró en 7.7 puntos, el cuestionario DASH disminuyó en cinco puntos y la puntuación en la escala visual analógica para el dolor disminuyó 1.6 puntos por término medio. Los pacientes que presentaban dolor de menos de 24 meses de evolución respondieron mejor al tratamiento. Las mujeres respondieron mejor. Los pacientes con disminución del espacio subacromial o lesión del manguito rotador según la resonancia magnética mejoraron, pero los pacientes que mostraron signos de artrosis acromioclavicular en la resonancia empeoraron en todas las escalas evaluadas. DISCUSIÓN: Las infiltraciones subacromiales de ácido hialurónico son especialmente efectivas en el tratamiento del dolor crónico de hombro de menos de 24 meses de evolución, con disminución del espacio subacromial o lesión parcial o total del manguito rotador, pero en nuestra experiencia, su resultado no es bueno en pacientes con artrosis acromioclavicular.


Subject(s)
Hyaluronic Acid , Shoulder Pain , Viscosupplements , Female , Humans , Hyaluronic Acid/administration & dosage , Injections , Male , Prospective Studies , Shoulder Pain/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Viscosupplements/administration & dosage
2.
Acta ortop. mex ; 32(2): 70-75, mar.-abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019333

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la efectividad de las infiltraciones subacromiales de ácido hialurónico en el tratamiento del dolor crónico de hombro como alternativa a los tratamientos quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos actualmente disponibles. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo de 80 pacientes consecutivos con dolor crónico de hombro seguidos durante 12 meses. Se realizaron cinco infiltraciones subacromiales con ácido hialurónico durante cinco semanas consecutivas y se analizaron los resultados clínicos obtenidos. Resultados: La puntuación en la escala de Constant mejoró en 7.7 puntos, el cuestionario DASH disminuyó en cinco puntos y la puntuación en la escala visual analógica para el dolor disminuyó 1.6 puntos por término medio. Los pacientes que presentaban dolor de menos de 24 meses de evolución respondieron mejor al tratamiento. Las mujeres respondieron mejor. Los pacientes con disminución del espacio subacromial o lesión del manguito rotador según la resonancia magnética mejoraron, pero los pacientes que mostraron signos de artrosis acromioclavicular en la resonancia empeoraron en todas las escalas evaluadas. Discusión: Las infiltraciones subacromiales de ácido hialurónico son especialmente efectivas en el tratamiento del dolor crónico de hombro de menos de 24 meses de evolución, con disminución del espacio subacromial o lesión parcial o total del manguito rotador, pero en nuestra experiencia, su resultado no es bueno en pacientes con artrosis acromioclavicular.


Abstract: Objective: Our purpose was to assess the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid infiltrations for chronic shoulder pain as an alternative to the non-surgical and surgical treatments that are currently available. Material and methods: This is a prospective study of 80 consecutive patients suffering from chronic shoulder pain followed for twelve months. Five subacromial hyaluronic acid injections on five consecutive weeks were administrated to all patients. Results: A significant improvement within the whole group after six months was observed. Constant score improved by 7.7 points, DASH questionnaire decreased by 5 points and Visual Analog Scale for pain decreased by 1.6 points. Patients with history of less than 24 months of pain responded better to treatment. Females responded better. Patients with decreased subacromial space or cuff tear in the MRI improved but patients diagnosed by the MRI of acromioclavicular osteoarthritis worsened in all scales assessed. Discussion: Subacromial hyaluronic acid injections are specially effective in patients with history of less than 24 months of pain, a decreased subacromial space or partial or total cuff tear but, in our experience, its result is not good in patients with acromioclavicular osteoarthritis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Shoulder Pain/drug therapy , Viscosupplements/administration & dosage , Hyaluronic Acid/administration & dosage , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Injections
3.
Acta ortop. mex ; 30(6): 291-295, nov.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-949766

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Antecedentes: En el tratamiento de la inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior se han descrito multitud de técnicas quirúrgicas, todas ellas con ventajas e inconvenientes. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los resultados obtenidos a medio plazo en los pacientes que hemos intervenido mediante la técnica de Bristow-Latarjet teniendo en cuenta el valor del ISIS preoperatorio. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 33 pacientes intervenidos entre 2005 y 2012 con edad media de 33.2 años y seguimiento medio de 75 meses. Se recogió el resultado con las escalas de Rowe y Constant, cuestionario DASH y una encuesta de valoración subjetiva del resultado por parte de cada paciente. Resultados: No se presentaron recidivas. La puntuación media postoperatoria en la escala de Rowe fue de 74.6 puntos y de 70 puntos en la escala de Constant. En el cuestionario DASH el valor promedio fue 22.9 puntos. En 78.8% de los pacientes se valoró positivamente el resultado. Se produjo la migración del tornillo en un paciente, encontrándose asintomático. No se identificaron otras complicaciones. Conclusiones: La técnica de Bristow-Latarjet en el tratamiento de la inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior es una técnica fiable y con una mínima tasa de recidivas, por lo que debe emplearse como cirugía de elección en determinados casos y, para ello, la valoración preoperatoria con la escala ISIS es una buena guía a la hora de indicar el tipo de cirugía.


Abstract: Background: In treatment of anterior shoulder instability, many surgical techniques have been described, all of them with advantages and disadvantages. Our goal is to study the half term results on patients that underwent open Bristow-Latarjet surgery considering the preoperative ISIS value. Material and methods: This is a retrospective study of 33 patients which underwent open Bristow-Latarjet surgery in our center between 2005 and 2012. Average age of 33.2 years and follow up of 75 months. Results were taken by Rowe and Constant scores, DASH questionnaire and we also recorded a subjective assessment of the result by each patient. Results: No recurrence was reported. No reoperations. Mean Rowe score was 74.6 points and mean Constant score was 70 points. In the disability questionnaire (DASH), the mean value was 22.9 points. The outcome assessment by the patients was positive in 78.8%. The migration of a screw occurred in one patient but he still asymptomatic. No other complication was identified. Conclusions: The Bristow-Latarjet technique is a reliable technique, with few complications and with an excellent rate of recurrence in treatment of chronic shoulder instability as reported in literature; it should be used as primary surgery in some cases and the preoperative ISIS score is an excellent and simple guide to select correctly the surgical technique for each patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Shoulder Dislocation/surgery , Joint Instability/surgery , Recurrence , Shoulder Joint , Retrospective Studies , Range of Motion, Articular
4.
Rev. Esp. Cir. Ortop. Traumatol. (Ed. Impr.) ; 60(4): 215-220, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-153777

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la rigidez metacarpofalángica en extensión mediante tenoartrólisis dorsal en nuestro centro y revisar la literatura al respecto. Material y método. Estudio retrospectivo de 21 rigideces metacarpofalángicas intervenidas. En todos los pacientes se realizó tenoartrólisis dorsal de forma ambulatoria, comenzando la rehabilitación a los diez días postoperatorios. Se registró etiología, variación de la movilidad activa tras la cirugía, complicaciones, cuestionario DASH y una encuesta de satisfacción con el resultado. Resultados. El seguimiento medio fue de 6,5 años y la edad media de 36,5 años. La causa más frecuente fue la fractura de un metacarpiano (52,4%) seguida de los traumatismos complejos de antebrazo (19%). A final del seguimiento la mejoría en la movilidad activa fue de 30,5° pese a obtener una movilidad intraoperatoria de 0-90° en más del 80% de los casos. En el cuestionario DASH la puntuación media fue de 36,9, calificando el resultado como excelente el 10% de nuestros pacientes, bueno el 30%, regular el 40% y malo el 20% restante. En el 9,5% de los casos se produjo un síndrome de dolor regional complejo y en el 14,3% lesión de la musculatura intrínseca. Conclusión. Por su difícil abordaje y pobres resultados, el tratamiento quirúrgico de la rigidez metacarpofalángica en extensión es de gran dificultad mostrándose la tenoartrólisis dorsal como una técnica reproducible en relación con nuestros resultados y a los resultados publicados en la literatura (AU)


Objectives. The aim of this study is to analyse the outcomes of the surgical treatment of metacarpophalangeal stiffness by dorsal teno-arthrolysis in our centre, and present a review the literature. Material and methods. This is a retrospective study of 21 cases of metacarpophalangeal stiffness treated surgically. Dorsal teno-arthrolysis was carried out on all patients. A rehabilitation programme was started ten days after surgery. An evaluation was performed on the aetiology, variation in pre- and post-operative active mobility, complications, DASH questionnaire, and a subjective satisfaction questionnaire. Results. The mean age of the patients was 36.5 years and the mean follow-up was 6.5 years. Of the 21 cases, the most common cause was a metacarpal fracture (52.4%), followed by complex trauma of the forearm (19%). Improvement in active mobility was 30.5°, despite obtaining an intra-operative mobility 0-90° in 80% of cases. Mean DASH questionnaire score was 36.9 points. The outcome was described as excellent in 10% of our patients, good in 30%, poor in 40%, and bad in the remaining 20%. There was a complex regional pain syndrome in 9.5% of cases, and intrinsic muscle injury in 14.3%. Conclusion. Because of its difficult management and poor outcomes, surgical treatment of metacarpophalangeal stiffness in extension is highly complex, with dorsal teno-arthrolysis being a reproducible technique according to our results, and the results reported in the literature (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Muscle Rigidity/complications , Muscle Rigidity/physiopathology , Muscle Rigidity/rehabilitation , Metacarpus/injuries , Metacarpus/physiopathology , Metacarpus/surgery , Finger Phalanges/injuries , Finger Phalanges/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions , Surgical Flaps , Follow-Up Studies , Postoperative Care , Diaphyses/injuries , Diaphyses/surgery
5.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 60(4): 215-20, 2016.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27116924

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to analyse the outcomes of the surgical treatment of metacarpophalangeal stiffness by dorsal teno-arthrolysis in our centre, and present a review the literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 21 cases of metacarpophalangeal stiffness treated surgically. Dorsal teno-arthrolysis was carried out on all patients. A rehabilitation programme was started ten days after surgery. An evaluation was performed on the aetiology, variation in pre- and post-operative active mobility, complications, DASH questionnaire, and a subjective satisfaction questionnaire. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 36.5 years and the mean follow-up was 6.5 years. Of the 21 cases, the most common cause was a metacarpal fracture (52.4%), followed by complex trauma of the forearm (19%). Improvement in active mobility was 30.5°, despite obtaining an intra-operative mobility 0-90° in 80% of cases. Mean DASH questionnaire score was 36.9 points. The outcome was described as excellent in 10% of our patients, good in 30%, poor in 40%, and bad in the remaining 20%. There was a complex regional pain syndrome in 9.5% of cases, and intrinsic muscle injury in 14.3%. CONCLUSION: Because of its difficult management and poor outcomes, surgical treatment of metacarpophalangeal stiffness in extension is highly complex, with dorsal teno-arthrolysis being a reproducible technique according to our results, and the results reported in the literature.


Subject(s)
Joint Diseases/surgery , Metacarpophalangeal Joint/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Adult , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Joint Diseases/rehabilitation , Male , Middle Aged , Orthopedic Procedures/rehabilitation , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
6.
Rev. Esp. Cir. Ortop. Traumatol. (Ed. Impr.) ; 60(1): 38-43, ene.-feb. 2016. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148100

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo. La epicondilitis es una lesión muy frecuente en la población. La mayoría de los pacientes mejoran con el tratamiento conservador, pero en un pequeño porcentaje será necesaria la cirugía. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los resultados clínicos obtenidos mediante una intervención consistente en «4 gestos quirúrgicos». Material y método. Estudio retrospectivo de 35 codos intervenidos con un seguimiento medio de 5,3 años. En todos los casos se realizó denervación epicondílea, extirpación del núcleo de degeneración angiofibroblástica, epicondilectomía y liberación del nervio interóseo posterior. Se recogieron los resultados mediante Broberg and Morrey Rating System (BMRS), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), cuestionario DASH y una encuesta de valoración subjetiva por parte del paciente. Resultados. La puntuación media del BMRS fue de 97,2 puntos, MEPS de 95,71 puntos. La reducción media en la EVA fue de 8,12 puntos y la puntuación media en el DASH fue de 1,68 puntos. El 94,3% de los pacientes valoraron el resultado como excelente o muy bueno. Se produjo una recidiva que se solventó con una nueva cirugía y una neuroapraxia del nervio interóseo posterior en 2 casos, recuperados íntegramente en 10 semanas. Conclusiones. Con esta intervención basada en 4 gestos, se ha conseguido la resolución clínica en el 97,1% de los casos en la primera cirugía, por ello, consideramos esta técnica efectiva, reproducible y con una aceptable tasa de complicaciones en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la epicondilitis resistente a tratamiento conservador (AU)


Introduction and objectives. Lateral epicondylitis is a common injury in the population. Most patients improve with conservative treatment, but in a small percentage surgery is necessary. The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical results obtained by a «4 surgical tips» technique. Materials and method. This is a retrospective study of 35 operated elbows, with a mean follow-up of 5.3 years. In all cases epicondylar denervation, removal of the angiofibroblastic degeneration core, epicondylectomy, and release of posterior interosseous nerve, was performed. Each patient was evaluated using the Broberg and Morrey Rating System (BMRS), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), DASH questionnaire, and a survey of subjective assessment. Results. BMRS mean score was 97.2 points, with 95.71 points with the MEPS. The mean decrease in VAS was 8.12 points, and the mean score on the DASH was 1.68 points. The results were rated as excellent or very good by 94.3% of patients. There was one recurrence, which resolved with further surgery. Two neuropraxia of the posterior interosseous nerve occurred, which completely recovered in 10 weeks. Conclusions. Using the «4 surgical tips» technique, clinical resolution of symptoms in 97.1% was achieved at the first operation. Therefore, it appears to be an effective, reproducible technique with few complications, in the surgical treatment of lateral epicondylitis resistant to conservative treatment (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Middle Aged , Tennis Elbow/surgery , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Treatment Outcome , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies
7.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 60(1): 38-43, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26187524

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Lateral epicondylitis is a common injury in the population. Most patients improve with conservative treatment, but in a small percentage surgery is necessary. The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical results obtained by a «4 surgical tips¼ technique. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This is a retrospective study of 35 operated elbows, with a mean follow-up of 5.3 years. In all cases epicondylar denervation, removal of the angiofibroblastic degeneration core, epicondylectomy, and release of posterior interosseous nerve, was performed. Each patient was evaluated using the Broberg and Morrey Rating System (BMRS), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), DASH questionnaire, and a survey of subjective assessment. RESULTS: BMRS mean score was 97.2 points, with 95.71 points with the MEPS. The mean decrease in VAS was 8.12 points, and the mean score on the DASH was 1.68 points. The results were rated as excellent or very good by 94.3% of patients. There was one recurrence, which resolved with further surgery. Two neuropraxia of the posterior interosseous nerve occurred, which completely recovered in 10 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Using the «4 surgical tips¼ technique, clinical resolution of symptoms in 97.1% was achieved at the first operation. Therefore, it appears to be an effective, reproducible technique with few complications, in the surgical treatment of lateral epicondylitis resistant to conservative treatment.


Subject(s)
Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Tennis Elbow/surgery , Adult , Aged , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
8.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 30(6): 291-295, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28549359

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In treatment of anterior shoulder instability, many surgical techniques have been described, all of them with advantages and disadvantages. Our goal is to study the half term results on patients that underwent open Bristow-Latarjet surgery considering the preoperative ISIS value. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 33 patients which underwent open Bristow-Latarjet surgery in our center between 2005 and 2012. Average age of 33.2 years and follow up of 75 months. Results were taken by Rowe and Constant scores, DASH questionnaire and we also recorded a subjective assessment of the result by each patient. RESULTS: No recurrence was reported. No reoperations. Mean Rowe score was 74.6 points and mean Constant score was 70 points. In the disability questionnaire (DASH), the mean value was 22.9 points. The outcome assessment by the patients was positive in 78.8%. The migration of a screw occurred in one patient but he still asymptomatic. No other complication was identified. CONCLUSIONS: The Bristow-Latarjet technique is a reliable technique, with few complications and with an excellent rate of recurrence in treatment of chronic shoulder instability as reported in literature; it should be used as primary surgery in some cases and the preoperative ISIS score is an excellent and simple guide to select correctly the surgical technique for each patient.


ANTECEDENTES: En el tratamiento de la inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior se han descrito multitud de técnicas quirúrgicas, todas ellas con ventajas e inconvenientes. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los resultados obtenidos a medio plazo en los pacientes que hemos intervenido mediante la técnica de Bristow-Latarjet teniendo en cuenta el valor del ISIS preoperatorio. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de 33 pacientes intervenidos entre 2005 y 2012 con edad media de 33.2 años y seguimiento medio de 75 meses. Se recogió el resultado con las escalas de Rowe y Constant, cuestionario DASH y una encuesta de valoración subjetiva del resultado por parte de cada paciente. RESULTADOS: No se presentaron recidivas. La puntuación media postoperatoria en la escala de Rowe fue de 74.6 puntos y de 70 puntos en la escala de Constant. En el cuestionario DASH el valor promedio fue 22.9 puntos. En 78.8% de los pacientes se valoró positivamente el resultado. Se produjo la migración del tornillo en un paciente, encontrándose asintomático. No se identificaron otras complicaciones. CONCLUSIONES: La técnica de Bristow-Latarjet en el tratamiento de la inestabilidad glenohumeral anterior es una técnica fiable y con una mínima tasa de recidivas, por lo que debe emplearse como cirugía de elección en determinados casos y, para ello, la valoración preoperatoria con la escala ISIS es una buena guía a la hora de indicar el tipo de cirugía.


Subject(s)
Joint Instability , Shoulder Dislocation , Adult , Female , Humans , Joint Instability/surgery , Male , Range of Motion, Articular , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Shoulder Dislocation/surgery , Shoulder Joint
10.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 56(1): 59-62, 2012.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23177945

ABSTRACT

Elbow dislocation is second in frequency, after the shoulder, whereas bilateral dislocation is uncommon, even less than dislocations with concurrent associated fractures. One of the least frequent associations is the Essex-Lopresti injury which consists of a fracture of the radial head affecting the distal radioulnar joint with injury to the interosseous membrane. This is a case of bilateral elbow dislocation, one of the elbows associated with the Essex-Lopresti injury. During treatment, the premature closed reduction prevails, previously making sure the elbow is stable, the premise which will determine the orthopedic or surgical treatment of the injury.


Subject(s)
Elbow Injuries , Joint Dislocations/etiology , Radius Fractures/complications , Wrist Injuries/complications , Adult , Elbow Joint/diagnostic imaging , Elbow Joint/surgery , Humans , Joint Dislocations/diagnostic imaging , Joint Dislocations/surgery , Male , Radiography , Radius Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Radius Fractures/surgery , Wrist Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Wrist Injuries/surgery
11.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 56(1): 59-62, ene.-feb. 2012.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-96537

ABSTRACT

La luxación de codo es la segunda en frecuencia, tras la de hombro; en cambio, la luxación bilateral es poco común, siéndolo aún menos las que presentan fracturas concomitantes asociadas. Una de las asociaciones menos frecuentes es la lesión de Essex-Lopresti, la cual consiste en fractura de cabeza radial más afección de articulación radiocubital distal con lesión de la membrana interósea. Se presenta un caso de luxación bilateral de codo, presentando uno de los codos asociada una lesión de Essex-Lopresti. En el tratamiento de la luxación de codo aislada prima la reducción cerrada precoz, comprobando posteriormente la estabilidad del codo; premisa que decidirá el tratamiento ortopédico versus quirúrgico de la lesión (AU)


Elbow dislocation is second in frequency, after the shoulder, whereas bilateral dislocation is uncommon, even less than dislocations with concurrent associated fractures. One of the least frequent associations is the Essex-Lopresti injury which consists of a fracture of the radial head affecting the distal radioulnar joint with injury to the interosseous membrane. This is a case of bilateral elbow dislocation, one of the elbows associated with the Essex-Lopresti injury. During treatment, the premature closed reduction prevails, previously making sure the elbow is stable, the premise which will determine the orthopedic or surgical treatment of the injury (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Elbow Joint/pathology , Elbow Joint , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Elbow/methods , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Elbow , Elbow/injuries , Elbow/pathology , Elbow , Orthopedics/methods , Radius/injuries , Radius
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