The Importance of Emotional Intelligence in Social Work Students and Its Relation to Perceived Efficacy.

Social workers have a greater than average risk of suffering burnout syndrome. In the same way as the professionals, students too can suffer academic burnout. However, few empirical studies have studied burnout and protective factors in social work students exclusively. Emotional intelligence (EI) has been described as a protective factor for burnout both in the professional and the academic context. The present study aims to explore which components of EI predict the burnout domains in students studying a degree in social work, in Spain. To this end, 87 social work students completed a questionnaire in which information was gathered on EI, burnout, average grade in the degree, and sociodemographic variables. The regression analysis results indicate that the students with poorer academic success and from higher years reported greater symptoms of burnout. Regarding the components of EI, emotional clarity and emotional repair predict the academic efficacy perceived by the students. These results highlight the importance of including EI in academic policies to promote the design of EI training programs aimed at developing EI skills, particularly emotional clarity and emotional repair, as a way of improving the perception of efficacy in social work students.

Psychosocial Care Needs of Women with Breast Cancer: Body Image, Self-Esteem, Optimism, and Sexual Performance and Satisfaction.

As breast cancer is on the rise, it is essential to understand the consequences of the diagnosis for patients. This article investigates whether there are differences in different psychosocial variables in Spanish women with breast cancer according to the type of surgery the patients underwent and in comparison with a control group. A study was carried out in the north of Spain in which 54 women participated (27 women were the control group, and 27 women who had been diagnosed with breast cancer). The results of the study indicate that women with breast cancer have lower self-esteem and worse body image, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction than women in the control group. No differences were found in optimism. These variables do not differ according to the type of surgery the patients underwent. The findings confirm the need to work on these variables in women diagnosed with breast cancer in psychosocial intervention programs.

Occupational depression in a Spanish-speaking sample: associations with cognitive performance and work-life characteristics / Depresión ocupacional en una muestra hispanohablante: asociaciones con el rendimiento cognitivo y características de la vida laboral

This 386-participant study investigated the structural and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI). Exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analysis revealed that the ODI meets the requirements for essential unidimensionality. Measurement invariance held across our sample and the English- and French-speaking samples used in the ODI's initial validation study. Mokken scale analysis indicated that (a) the scalability of the instrument was strong, (b) no violations of monotonicity or local independence were present, and (c) invariant item ordering was sufficiently accurate. The ODI's reliability was optimal. The ODI exhibited both convergent validity and discriminant validity vis-à-vis a job-unrelated measure of depression. Furthermore, occupational depression correlated substantially, and in the expected direction, with objective cognitive performance and 10 widely studied work-life characteristics. This study suggests that the ODI's Spanish version has excellent structural and psychometric properties and can be confidently employed by occupational health specialists.(AU)

El presente estudio, realizado con 386 participantes, ha indagado en las propiedades estructurales y psicométricas de la versión española del Inventario de Depresión Ocupacional (ODI, según sus siglas en inglés). Un análisis bifactorial de un modelo exploratorio de ecuaciones estructurales mostró que el ODI reúne los requisitos de unidimensionalidad esencial. La invarianza de la medida se mantuvo en nuestra muestra y en las muestras anglo y francoparlantes utilizadas en el estudio de validación inicial. Un análisis Mokken de la escala indica que: a) el instrumento tenía un fuerte carácter escalar, b) no hubo violación de la monotonicidad o independencia local y c) el orden invariante de los ítems fue lo suficientemente preciso. La fiabilidad ha sido óptima. El ODI presentó tanto validez convergente como discriminante en relación con una medida de depresión no relacionada con el trabajo. Además, la depresión laboral correlacionó en gran medida, en la dirección esperada, con el desempeño cognitivo objetivo y 10 características muy estudiadas de la vida laboral. El estudio destaca que la versión española del ODI tiene unas propiedades estructurales y psicométricas excelentes, por lo que puede utilizarse con toda confianza por los especialistas en salud ocupacional.(AU)

Spanish Validation of the Emotional Reactions to Challenging Behaviours Scale in Employees Working with People Exhibiting Intellectual Disabilities.

The Emotional Reactions to Challenging Behaviours Scale (ERCBS) was designed to evaluate the emotional states of support staff facing challenging behaviours from recipients. Employees working with People Exhibiting Intellectual Disability (PEIDs) are exposed to challenging behaviours. Exposure to challenging behaviours can affect the occupational well-being of these employees. It is thus important for investigators to have instruments assessing employees' emotional reactions to challenging behaviours reliably and validly. In this study, we translated the ERCBS into Spanish and inquired into the psychometric and structural properties of the adapted instrument. We relied on a sample of 232 employees working with PEIDs. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the ERCBS was best modelled as a two-factor measure involving a negative emotion factor and a positive emotion factor. The two factors were highly correlated (0.547), suggesting that a distinction between "emotional" and "non-emotional" individuals might be relevant when using the ERCBS. Alpha and omega reliabilities were satisfactory. ERCBS scores did not differ between men and women. ERCBS scores correlated negatively with participants' age and years of service with PEIDs. Our study suggests that the Spanish version of the ERCBS can be used to assess emotional reactions to challenging behaviours among employees working with PEIDs.

Measure of clinical improvement in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders: an evaluation of multiple perspectives with HoNOSCA. / Valoración de la mejoría clínica en niños y adolescentes con trastornos psiquiátricos: una evaluación de múltiples perspectivas con HoNOSCA.

INTRODUCTION: Routine outcome assessment is helpful to inform decision-making, resource allocation, and health policy design. Routine outcome assessment in the hospital setting for children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders remains limited. The clinical instrument HoNOSCA (Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents), which has recently become available in Spanish and Catalan, allows outcome assessment in this population from the perspective of patients, their parents or legal guardians, and clinicians. HoNOSCA measures 13 areas of health and psychosocial functioning. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess mental health outcomes in psychiatric day hospital pediatric patients from three perspectives (patient, par-ent/legal guardian, clinician), using the Spanish and Catalan versions of HoNOSCA. METHODS: We recruited patients up to 18 years old with any psychiatric disorder at the day unit of the Salut Mental Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari (Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain). We obtained admission and discharge HoNOSCA scores for the patients, their parents or legal guardians, and their clinicians. RESULTS: We recruited 99 patients over the study period (January 2015 to December 2017), 11 of which were lost to follow-up. Among the remaining 88, we found significant improvement in HoNOSCA scores from admission to discharge. Agreement between the HoNOSCA scores for the three different groups of evaluators (patients, parents/legal guardians, and clinicians) was weak at admission but better at discharge. In general, evaluations from patients and their parents or legal guardians had lower HoNOSCA scores (indicating a better mental health status) at admis-sion compared to those from clinicians. At discharge, however, the scores were more homogenous across the three groups of stakeholders. CONCLUSIONS: Use of HoNOSCA allows for routine evaluation of mental health outcomes in the psychiatric day hospital setting from the perspective of pa-tients, their parents or legal guardians, and clinicians.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La evaluación rutinaria de variables de resultado ayuda en la toma de decisiones, la asignación de recursos y el diseño de políticas en salud. La evaluación rutinaria de variables de resultado en el entorno hospitalario para niños y adolescentes con trastornos psiquiátricos sigue siendo limitada. La Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents, HoNOSCA, que recientemente se ha traducido al español y al catalán, permite la evaluación de resultados en esta población desde la perspectiva de pacientes, padres o tutores legales y clínicos. Este instrumento mide 13 áreas de salud y funcionamiento psicosocial. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar variables de resultado en salud mental entre pacientes jóvenes de hospital de día de psiquiatría desde estas tres perspectivas usando Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents. MÉTODOS: Reclutamos pacientes pediátricos (18 años o menos) con cualquier trastorno psiquiátrico en el hospital de día de la unidad de psiquiatría y psicología juvenil del Hospital Salut Mental Parc Taulí (Sabadell, Cataluña, España). Obtuvimos puntuaciones de Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents desde la perspectiva de pacientes, sus padres o tutores legales y clínicos, al ingreso y al alta. RESULTADOS: Reclutamos 99 pacientes entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2017; once se perdieron durante el seguimiento. Entre los 88 restantes, encontramos una mejora significativa en las puntuaciones de Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents desde el ingreso hasta el alta. El acuerdo en las puntuaciones de esta escala entre los diferentes evaluadores fue débil al inicio, pero mejor al alta. En general, los pacientes y los padres o tutores legales reportaron puntuaciones más bajas de Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents (mejor estado de salud) al ingreso en comparación con los profesionales de la salud. Al alta, las puntuaciones fueron homogéneas desde las tres perspectivas. CONCLUSIONES: La Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents permite la evaluación rutinaria de variables de resultado en salud mental en el entorno de hospital de día de psiquiatría desde la perspectiva de los pacientes, sus padres o tutores legales y los profesionales de la salud.

Valoración de la mejoría clínica en niños y adolescentes con trastornos psiquiátricos: una evaluación de múltiples perspectivas con HoNOSCA / Measure of clinical improvement in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders: an evaluation of multiple perspectives with HoNOSCA

INTRODUCCIÓN La evaluación rutinaria de variables de resultado ayuda en la toma de decisiones, la asignación de recursos y el diseño de políticas en salud. La evaluación rutinaria de variables de resultado en el entorno hospitalario para niños y adolescentes con trastornos psiquiátricos sigue siendo limitada. La Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents, HoNOSCA, que recientemente se ha traducido al español y al catalán, permite la evaluación de resultados en esta población desde la perspectiva de pacientes, padres o tutores legales y clínicos. Este instrumento mide 13 áreas de salud y funcionamiento psicosocial. OBJETIVOS Evaluar variables de resultado en salud mental entre pacientes jóvenes de hospital de día de psiquiatría desde estas tres perspectivas usando Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents. MÉTODOS Reclutamos pacientes pediátricos (18 años o menos) con cualquier trastorno psiquiátrico en el hospital de día de la unidad de psiquiatría y psicología juvenil del Hospital Salut Mental Parc Taulí (Sabadell, Cataluña, España). Obtuvimos puntuaciones de Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents desde la perspectiva de pacientes, sus padres o tutores legales y clínicos, al ingreso y al alta. RESULTADOS Reclutamos 99 pacientes entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2017; once se perdieron durante el seguimiento. Entre los 88 restantes, encontramos una mejora significativa en las puntuaciones de Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents desde el ingreso hasta el alta. El acuerdo en las puntuaciones de esta escala entre los diferentes evaluadores fue débil al inicio, pero mejor al alta. En general, los pacientes y los padres o tutores legales reportaron puntuaciones más bajas de Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents (mejor estado de salud) al ingreso en comparación con los profesionales de la salud. Al alta, las puntuaciones fueron homogéneas desde las tres perspectivas. CONCLUSIONES La Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents permite la evaluación rutinaria de variables de resultado en salud mental en el entorno de hospital de día de psiquiatría desde la perspectiva de los pacientes, sus padres o tutores legales y los profesionales de la salud.

INTRODUCTION Routine outcome assessment is helpful to inform decision-making, resource allocation, and health policy design. Routine outcome assessment in the hospital setting for children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders remains limited. The clinical instrument HoNOSCA (Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents), which has recently become available in Spanish and Catalan, allows outcome assessment in this population from the perspective of patients, their parents or legal guardians, and clinicians. HoNOSCA measures 13 areas of health and psychosocial functioning. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess mental health outcomes in psychiatric day hospital pediatric patients from three perspectives (patient, par-ent/legal guardian, clinician), using the Spanish and Catalan versions of HoNOSCA. METHODS We recruited patients up to 18 years old with any psychiatric disorder at the day unit of the Salut Mental Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari (Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain). We obtained admission and discharge HoNOSCA scores for the patients, their parents or legal guardians, and their clinicians. RESULTS We recruited 99 patients over the study period (January 2015 to December 2017), 11 of which were lost to follow-up. Among the remaining 88, we found significant improvement in HoNOSCA scores from admission to discharge. Agreement between the HoNOSCA scores for the three different groups of evaluators (patients, parents/legal guardians, and clinicians) was weak at admission but better at discharge. In general, evaluations from patients and their parents or legal guardians had lower HoNOSCA scores (indicating a better mental health status) at admis-sion compared to those from clinicians. At discharge, however, the scores were more homogenous across the three groups of stakeholders. CONCLUSIONS Use of HoNOSCA allows for routine evaluation of mental health outcomes in the psychiatric day hospital setting from the perspective of pa-tients, their parents or legal guardians, and clinicians.

Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Moos Coping Response Inventory For Youth.

The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of Moos's Coping Responses Inventory-Youth form in a sample of 1,401 adolescent secondary students (45% boys and 55% girls) ages 12 and 16 years (M = 14.1, SD = 1.4). Basic information as descriptive data and internal consistency reliabilities were given, and intercorrelations for the coping strategies criterion and factorial validity estimated. As in previous reports, the internal consistency was low to moderate. The correlations between scales ranged from .06 to .40. Exploratory factor analysis performed on the coping strategies, with oblimin rotation yielded two factors accounting for 49.6% of variance, which broadly reproduced the Approach-Avoidance dichotomy, with alpha values of .81 and .64, respectively. Finally, the analysis of criterion validity corroborated the relationship between the use of avoidance strategies and higher psychological symptoms.