ABSTRACT
A Piscirickettsia salmonis infection was diagnosed in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) juveniles held in a marine research facility on the west coast of Ireland. The main clinical signs and pathology included marked ascites, severe multifocal liver necrosis and severe diffuse inflammation and necrosis of the exocrine pancreas and peri-pancreatic adipose tissue. Numerous Piscirickettsia-like organisms were observed by histopathology in the affected organs, and the bacterial species was characterized by molecular analysis. Sequencing of the partial 16S rDNA gene and internal transcribed spacer region showed the lumpfish sequences to be closely related to previously identified Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) sequences from Ireland. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first detection of P. salmonis in lumpfish worldwide. The infection is considered potentially significant in terms of lumpfish health and biosecurity.
Subject(s)
Fish Diseases/pathology , Fishes , Piscirickettsia/isolation & purification , Piscirickettsiaceae Infections/veterinary , Animals , Aquaculture , Base Sequence , DNA, Intergenic/genetics , Fish Diseases/microbiology , Ireland , Phylogeny , Piscirickettsia/classification , Piscirickettsia/genetics , Piscirickettsiaceae Infections/microbiology , Piscirickettsiaceae Infections/pathologyABSTRACT
A microsporidian species with 98.3-98.4% nucleotide identity to Tetramicra brevifilum (Journal of Fish Diseases, 3, 1980, 495) was diagnosed in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus, L.) broodstock held at a breeding and rearing facility in western Ireland. The fish were wild-caught from the west coast of Ireland, and the first case was diagnosed one year after capture. Clinical signs included severe bloating, lethargy, exophthalmos, anorexia, white patches on the cornea and externally visible parasitic cysts on skin and fins. Necropsy revealed severe ascites, white nodules and vacuoles in all the internal organs and partial liquefaction of the skeletal muscle. On histological examination, microsporidian xenomas were observed in all internal organs, the skin, skeletal muscle, gills and the eyes. The microsporidian species was identified by molecular analysis and transmission electron microscopy. This is the first record of T. brevifilum infecting lumpfish, and the disease is considered to be of potential significance to the rising aquaculture industry of this species.