[A case of Crohn's disease complicated by Guillain-Barrè syndrome during ustekinumab therapy].

We herein report a case involving a 23-year-old male patient with active Crohn's disease complicated by Guillain-Barrè syndrome during ustekinumab therapy. At age 11, the patient developed an anal fistula and was found to have multiple aphthae on the rectosigmoid colon, for which he was diagnosed with Crohn's disease. At age 12, he underwent gastrojejunal anastomosis for pyrolic stenosis. At age 20, a longitudinal ulcer was found on the ascending colon, and at age 21, aphthae were found on the stomach and efferent jejunum. At age 22, adalimumab was started, but the patient noted abdominal pain and diarrhea 4 months later. Hence, adalimumab was switched to ustekinumab (2017 June). Though ustekinumab was effective, the patient noted anorexia, weakness, and bilateral lower extremity numbness 1 year later (2018 June) and was admitted to the hospital. He was then diagnosed with Guillain-Barrè syndrome after spinal tap, neurological, and hematological examinations. Immunoglobulin therapy was provided but was less effective. The patient has since been receiving physical therapy. This has been the first report regarding Guillain-Barrè syndrome as a complication during ustekinumab therapy.

[A case of giant hemorrhagic adrenal pseudocystectomy with a flank incision].

The patient was a 43-year-old woman who underwent detailed examinations for a retroperitoneal cystic lesion that was incidentally found during orthopedic treatment. Although the tumor was a non-functioning tumor, and diagnostic imaging was negative for malignancy, the tumor was surgically resected with a flank incision. The histopathological diagnosis was adrenal pseudocyst.

Clinical evaluation of urolithiasis in Crohn's disease.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the characteristics of urolithiasis associated with Crohn's disease in a Japanese population. METHODS: We studied 98 patients with Crohn's disease: 39 with urolithiasis and 59 without urolithiasis. Patients were treated at the Social Insurance Central General Hospital, or at the Toho University Omori, Ohashi, or Sakura Medical Centers. RESULTS: Calculi were more frequent in men (n = 30) than women (n = 9). Mean time from diagnosis of Crohn's disease to diagnosis of calculi was 8.8 years (range 0 to 22 years). Calculi were present on the right side in 19 patients and the left side in 19 patients. Stone were composed of calcium oxalate in nine patients, calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate in two patients, and ammonium urate in five patients. The rate of concurrent calculi was significantly higher in ileostomates. The probability of developing calculi was approximately eight times higher for patients with a urine pH of or=6.5. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of concurrent urolithiasis was higher in patients with a urine pH of

Cushing syndrome associated with prostatic tumor adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) expression after maximal androgen blockade therapy.

We report a patient with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, who eventually developed Cushing syndrome due to ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from the tumor. At first, maximal androgen blockade (MAB) therapy was effective for the prostate carcinoma, which was positive for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and negative for ACTH on the biopsy specimen. However, 3 years later, the patient complained of bilateral leg edema. A chest computed tomographic (CT) scan showed bilateral pleural effusion and inflammatory changes, focused on the right upper-lobe. While his PSA was not elevated, and there were no obvious tumor metastases, his serum cortisol and ACTH levels were elevated, without any evidence of lesions that could release ectopic ACTH. Two weeks later, the patient complained of dyspnea and bilateral pleural effusion, and inflammatory changes were worse. Although the patient was administered inhibitors of adrenocorticoid synthesis-metyrapone, they did not have enough clinical efficiency. Steroid pulse therapy was also administered but the patient's severe pneumonia and pleural effusion did not improve and he finally died of respiratory failure. In contrast to the initial biopsy specimen findings, on autopsy, the tumor was negative for PSA but positive for ACTH. Thus, it would appear that the tumor began to produce and release ectopic ACTH after therapy, which resulted in the development of Cushing syndrome in this patient with prostate carcinoma.

High en bloc resection rate achieved by endoscopic mucosal resection with IT knife for early gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Circumferential endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) around lesions performed by an insulation-tipped diathermic knife (IT knife) increases en bloc resection rates, suggesting the possibility of expanding indications for EMR. METHODOLOGY: Clinical outcome of EMR performed by IT knife under general anesthesia was evaluated for 26 patients with 29 early gastric cancer. RESULTS: Successful en bloc resection rates obtained by the IT knife were 100, 87.5, 90.0 and 100% for lesions < or =10 mm in size, 11-20 mm, 21-30 mm, and > or =31 mm, respectively. They were significantly higher with the IT knife than those obtained by the conventional method (IT knife method: 93.1% vs. conventional method: 28.5%, p<0.0001). Two lesions were lateral margin positive, and in three cases invasion of lesions was observed as deep as the submucosa. Distal, total, and proximal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy, respectively, was provided in 3 cases; however, no lymph node involvement was found in any of the resected specimens. Bleeding and perforation were observed in 3 cases, respectively, however, no additional surgical treatment was required for these patients. CONCLUSIONS: EMR by means of the IT knife under general anesthesia can be performed safely and adequately. It is a useful treatment modality for early gastric cancer.