In Situ Growth of CuBi2O4/Bi2O3 Z-Scheme Heterostructures for Bifunctional Photocatalytic Applications.

In this study, we present an in situ solvothermal approach for synthesizing a highly efficient bifunctional CuBi2O4/Bi2O3 composite catalyst for applications in H2 production and the removal of organic pollutants. Various characterization techniques, including XRD, UV-vis DRS, SEM, TEM, and EIS, were used to characterize the prepared catalyst. Density functional theory calculations confirmed a Z-scheme mechanism, revealing the charge transfer mechanism from the Bi2O3 surface to the CuBi2O4 surface. The composite exhibited a photocurrent of 2.83 × 104 A/cm2 and a hydrogen production rate of 526 µmolg-1h-1 under natural sunlight. Moreover, the catalyst demonstrated efficient degradation of RhB up to 58% in 120 min under 50 W LED illumination. Additionally, multiple recycling tests confirmed its high stability and recyclability, making it a promising candidate for various applications in the field of photocatalysis.

An advanced Ru-based alkaline HER electrocatalyst benefiting from Volmer-step promoting 5d and 3d co-catalysts.

In this study, a trimetallic catalyst, NiWRu@NF, is electrodeposited onto nickel foam using chronoamperometry to enhance the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline water electrolysis. The catalyst combines nickel, tungsten, and ruthenium components, strategically designed for efficiency and cost-effectiveness, hydroxyl transfer and water dissociation, and acceleration of hydrogen combination, respectively. Evaluation of NiWRu@NF reveals exceptional performance, with a low overpotential of -50 mV and high current density of -10 mA cm-2, signifying its efficiency in promoting HER. Tafel values further corroborate the catalyst's effectiveness, indicating a rapid reaction rate of hydrogen evolution in such a highly alkaline medium compared to other controls studied along with it. This study underscores the significance of NiWRu@NF in advancing alkaline HER kinetics, paving the way for more efficient electrolysis processes.

Leveraging the photocatalytic Cr (VI) reduction by an IRMOF-3@NH2-MIL-101 (Fe) heterostructure based on interfacial Lewis acid-base interaction.

A strategy to enhance the photocatalytic performance of metal-organic framework (MOF) based systems for the efficient elimination of Cr(VI) ions from polluted water under visible light irradiation has been developed by constructing MOF@MOF heterojunctions. Specifically, IRMOF-3 was grown in situ around NH2-MIL-101(Fe) based on interfacial Lewis acid-base interaction using 2-aminoterephthalic acid (ATA) as a linker, resulting in the formation of a MOF@MOF heterojunction, designated as IRMOF-3@NH2-MIL-101(Fe). In comparison to individual MOFs, the IRMOF-3@NH2-MIL-101(Fe) heterojunction exhibited a significantly higher photocatalytic reduction efficiency for Cr(VI), achieving a reduction of 95.98% within 120 min under visible-light irradiation. This performance surpasses that of individual MOFs and most reported photocatalysts. Additionally, the mechanism underlying Cr(VI) reduction by IRMOF-3@NH2-MIL-101(Fe) was comprehensively elucidated by analyzing optoelectronic properties, energy band structure, and structural results. It is worth noting that this study represents the first documented instance of photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction utilizing IRMOF-3 and its interaction with NH2-MIL-101(Fe). The MOF@MOF photocatalyst, leveraging the synergistic effects of its various components, holds great promise for efficiently removing harmful pollutants from water and finds significant potential applications in environmental remediation.

Turning trash to treasure: Innovative use of exhausted desiccant waste supported zinc indium sulphide for sustainable photocatalytic abatement of tetracycline.

Employing an affordable and sustainable visible-light-driven system is crucial for organic pollutant abatement, in the field of photocatalysis. In the present investigation, a pioneering photocatalyst zinc indium sulphide, ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) supported on a silica gel matrix, SiO2 (SG) which is the leftover material after multiple rounds of dehumidification processes, was synthesized. The fabrication of the heterojunction facilitated enhancement in light absorption and charge separation efficiency. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated through the degradation of tetracycline (TC) under light irradiation. The nano-photocatalyst experienced detailed analysis using spectroscopic and microscopic methods. The ZIS/SG catalyst exhibited remarkable efficiency in degrading TC under visible light conditions, achieving a nearly 98-99% degradation. This performance surpassed the degradation rates of the original ZIS and SG catalysts by 3.6 and 4.45 times, respectively. Additionally, the catalyst was effectively used to control TC levels in real-time within pharmaceutical plant effluent, resulting in a degradation efficiency of 78.2%. With affordability, enhanced TC mineralization, and recyclability for up to six runs (efficiency ∼ 85%), the ZIS/SG photocatalyst exhibits desirable qualities of an ideal one. This innovative nano-photocatalyst introduces new possibilities for improving the process of photocatalytic decontamination of tenacious emerging pollutants by providing satisfactory reusability and stability.

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline using NiCo-BiVO4 nanocomposite under visible light irradiation: A noble-metal-free approach for water remediation.

The increasing pollution of water bodies with organic contaminants, including antibiotics, has become a significant environmental concern. In this study, a noble-metal-free alternative, NiCo bimetal cocatalyst, was synthesized and applied to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic tetracycline (TC) using BiVO4 as the photocatalyst under the visible spectrum. The NiCo-BiVO4 nanocomposite exhibited improved visible light absorption, reduced recombination rate of charge carriers, and enhanced electrochemical properties. The photocatalytic degradation of TC was significantly enhanced by the NiCo bimetal modification, with the 2 wt% NiCo-BiVO4 nanocomposite achieving an 87.2% degradation of TC and 82% Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal within 120 min. The degradation kinetics of TC (target compound) followed a first-order reaction, with photogenerated electrons and holes identified as the primary active species responsible for the degradation process. The recyclability of the catalyst was also demonstrated for multiple runs, indicating its stability. Furthermore, the pathway of TC degradation by 2 wt% NiCo-BiVO4 nanocomposite was proposed based on the detected intermediate products using LC-MS analysis. This study provides a promising approach for developing efficient, noble-metal-free photocatalysts to remove organic contaminants from water sources.

Highly efficient ultrasound-driven Cu-MOF/ZnWO4 heterostructure: An efficient visible-light photocatalyst with robust stability for complete degradation of tetracycline.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a significant class of porous, crystalline materials composed of metal ions (clusters) and organic ligands. The potential use of copper MOF (Cu-BTC) for the sonophotocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline (TC) antibiotic was investigated in this study. To enhance its catalytic efficiency, S-scheme heterojunction was created by combining Cu-BTC with Zinc tungstate (ZnWO4), employing an ultrasound-assisted hydrothermal method. The results demonstrated that the Cu-BTC/ZnWO4 heterojunction exhibited complete removal of TC within 60 min under simultaneous irradiation of visible light and ultrasound. Interestingly, the sonophotocatalytic degradation of TC using the Cu-BTC/ZnWO4 heterojunction showed superior efficiency (with a synergy index of ∼0.70) compared to individual sonocatalytic and photocatalytic degradation processes using the same heterojunction. This enhancement in sonophotocatalytic activity can be attributed to the formation of an S-scheme heterojunction between Cu-BTC and ZnWO4. Within this heterojunction, electrons migrated from Cu-BTC to ZnWO4, facilitated by the interface between the two materials. Under visible light irradiation, the built-in electric field, band edge bending, and coulomb interaction synergistically inhibited the recombination of electron-hole pairs. Consequently, the accumulated electrons in Cu-BTC and holes in ZnWO4 actively participated in the redox reactions, generating free radicals that effectively attacked the TC molecules. This study offers valuable perspectives on the application of a newly developed S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, demonstrating its effectiveness in efficiently eliminating diverse recalcitrant pollutants via sonophotocatalytic degradation.

Chemical recycling of polyester textile wastes using silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles: an economical solution for circular economy.

The waste management of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-derived polyester (PES) textile is a global issue, and material recovery through chemical recycling can restore a circular economy. In our investigation, microwave-induced catalytic aminolysis and glycolysis of PES textile wastes using Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles have been proposed. Ag-doped ZnO is prepared by the sol-gel method and characterised by XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis, SEM-EDX and TEM. The reaction parameters such as PET-to-catalyst ratio, microwave power and irradiation time, temperature and catalyst recycling have been optimised. The catalyst was found to be more stable and could be recycled up to six times without losing its activity. Both the aminolysis and glycolysis of PES showed 100% conversion and afforded of bis (2-hydroxy ethylene) terephthalamide (BHETA) and bis (2-hydroxy ethylene) terephthalate (BHET), respectively. The depolymerisation of PES wastes using Ag-doped ZnO afforded BHETA and BHET for about 95 and 90%, respectively. The monomers BHET and BHETA confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. According to the findings, 2 mol% Ag-doped ZnO has higher catalytic activity.

A luminous strategy for the recognition of toxic antibiotics in water via efficient energy transfer.

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are the class of Antibiotics (ABs) that have been extensively used worldwide for the treatment of diseases caused by bacterial infections. In India, most of these untreated ABs and their unused metabolites present in treated and untreated wastewater end up in agricultural land and water bodies. This can accelerate the problem of antimicrobial resistance in the community. Hence, we aim to develop a cost-effective sensor to detect and monitor the presence of such drugs in water bodies. We have prepared a chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) integrated luminescent cerium metal-organic framework (MOF) that specifically targets and recognizes ciprofloxacin (CPFX), norfloxacin (NFX), and ofloxacin (OFX) achieving excellent sensing activity. A remarkable quenching of the fluorescence of MOF composite was observed upon interaction with CPFX, NFX, and OFX with 57.9, 46.3, and 51.6 ppb as limits of detection, respectively, through a Forster resonance energy transfer from the Ce-MOF to the analytes. The applicability of the sensor was also examined with real-time samples collected from the rivers of Chennai city and the MOF probe exhibited an appreciable recovery of results. This is the first study on Ce-MOF-based rGO composite providing a solid rationale for fluorescence detection of FQs with exceptional quenching efficiency and very high sensitivity for monitoring FQs in water bodies even in diluted conditions.

"Quasi-In Situ Synthesis of Oxygen Vacancy-Enriched Strontium Iron Oxide Supported on Boron-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide to Elevate the Photocatalytic Destruction of Tetracycline".

The efficient use of visible light is necessary to take advantage of photocatalytic processes in both indoor and outdoor circumstances. Precisely manipulating the in situ growth method of heterojunctions is an effective way to promote photogenerated charge separation. Herein, the SrFeO3@B-rGO catalyst was prepared by an in situ growth method. At a loading of 10 wt % B-rGO, the nanocomposites revealed an excellent morphology and thermal, optical, electrochemical, and mechanical properties. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the cubic spinel structure and a space group of Pm̅3m for SrFeO3. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy show the core-shell formation between SrFeO3 and B-rGO. Furthermore, density functional theory of SrFeO3 was performed to find its band structure and density of states. The SrFeO3@B-rGO nanocomposite shows the degradation rate of tetracycline (TC) reaching 92% in 75 min and the highest rate constant of 0.0211 min-1. To improve the catalytic removal rate of antibiotics, the efficiency of e- and h + separation must be improved, as well as the generation of additional radicals. Radical trapping tests and the electron paramagnetic resonance method indicated that the combination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in SrFeO3 effectively separated e- and h+ while also promoting the development of the superoxide anion (•O2-) to accelerate TC degradation. The entire TC degradation pathway using high-performance liquid chromatography and its mechanism were discussed. As a whole, this study delineates that photocatalysis is a viable strategy for the treatment of environmental antibiotic wastewater.

All-alike hollow nanotubes of g-C3N4 converting photons into fuel by splitting water.

In this article, we present a sapiential method for producing highly effective oxygen-containing CN with hierarchical porous hollow nanotubes (HTCN) using thermal polycondensation of oxalic acid-assisted supramolecular aggregates. As a result of the synergistic effect of spatial charge separation and optical absorption ability, HTCN outperforms pristine CN nanosheets (NSCN) in photocatalytic hydrogen production. This research will provide a novel cognitive perspective and understanding for constructing contemporary hydrogen production photocatalysts.

A Z-scheme BiYO3/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants under visible light irradiation.

Photocatalysis is one of the fascinating fields for the wastewater treatment. In this regard, the present study deals with an effective visible light active BiYO3/g-C3N4 heterojunction nanocomposite photocatalyst with various ratios of BiYO3 and g-C3N4 (1:3, 1:1 and 3:1), synthesised by a wet chemical approach. The as-synthesised nanocomposite photocatalysts were investigated via different physicochemical approaches like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electrons microscopy (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence (PL) and photoelectrochemical studies to characterise the crystal structure, morphology, optical absorption characteristics and photoelectrochemical properties. The photocatalytic degradation ability of the prepared photocatalytic samples was also analysed through the degradation of RhB in the presence of visible light irradiation. Of all the synthesised photocatalysts, the optimised CB-1 composite showed a significant photocatalytic efficiency (88.7%), with excellent stability and recyclability after three cycles. O2•- and •OH radicals were found to act a major role in the RhB degradation using optimised CB-1 composite, and it possessed ~ 1 times greater photocurrent intensity than the pristine g-C3N4 and BiYO3. In the present work, a direct Z-scheme heterojunction BiYO3/g-C3N4 with a considerably improved photocatalytic performance is reported.

Construction of direct Z-scheme g-C3N4/BiYWO6 heterojunction photocatalyst with enhanced visible light activity towards the degradation of methylene blue.

Construction of the Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst achieved highly improved photocatalytic ability by its high redox ability of the photoinduced e--h+ pairs. In the study, Z-scheme g-C3N4/BiYWO6 heterojunction photocatalyst is prepared by the single-step hydrothermal method. Further, its photocatalytic ability was assessed by degrading methylene blue under visible light exposure. Particularly, the optimized 30 wt% of g-C3N4 in the g-C3N4/BiYWO6 composite exposes almost complete degradation after 90 min, that is ~ 3.0 times greater than the bare BiYWO6 and g-C3N4 with the rate constant value 0.032 min-1. Experimentally, the radical trapping studies indicate O2·- and ·OH radicals are playing a vital role in the photocatalytic degradation process. Also, the Z-scheme g-C3N4/BiYWO6 heterojunction photocatalyst exhibits excellent photoelectrochemical property and it is stable after 5 cycles, which indicates its good reusability nature. These enhancements are due to the newly formed heterostructure that facilitates the migration and separation efficiency of the photoproduced e--h+ pairs. Hence, the synthesized Z-scheme g-C3N4/BiYWO6 heterostructure could be an excellent material for wastewater remediation works.

Construction of direct FeMoO4/g-C3N4-2D/2D Z-scheme heterojunction with enhanced photocatalytic treatment of textile wastewater to eliminate the toxic effect in marine environment.

A novel FeMoO4/g-C3N4-2D/2D Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst was prepared via wet chemical method. The observed structural morphology of FeMoO4/g-C3N4 reveals the 2D-iron molybdate (FeMoO4) nanoplates compiled with the 2D-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets like structure. The photocatalytic activity of the g-C3N4, FeMoO4, and FeMoO4/g-C3N4 composites were studied via the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) as targeted textile dye under visible light irradiation (VLI). The optimal FeMoO4/g-C3N4 (1:3 ratio of g-C3N4 and FeMoO4) composite show an enhanced degradation performance with rate constant value of 0.02226 min-1 and good stability even after three cycles. Thus, the h+ and O2•－are the key radicals in the degradation of RhB under VLI. It is proposed that the FeMoO4/g-C3N4 Z-scheme heterojunction effectively enhances the transfer and separation ability of e-/h+ pairs, by the way increasing the photocatalytic efficiency towards the RhB degradation. Thus, the newly constructed Z-scheme FeMoO4/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst is a promising material for the remediation of wastewater relevant to elimination of toxic effect in marine environment.

A facile synthesis of visible light driven Ni3V2O8 nano-cube/BiVO4 nanorod composite photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic activity towards degradation of acid orange 7.

Photocatalysis is one of the promising method to degrade harmful organic pollutants under visible light exposure. In this work, a novel Ni3V2O8/BiVO4 nanocomposite has been prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method, and investigated through X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence techniques. Subsequently, the photocatalytic performance of Ni3V2O8/BiVO4 nanocomposite has been examined by degrading AO7 under visible light illumination. The photocatalytic efficiency of the optimized 1:2 ratio of Ni3V2O8/BiVO4 nanocomposite photocatalyst is found to be 87% with a rate constant value of 0.03387 min-1 which are higher than those of other prepared photocatalysts. This nanocomposite exhibits excellent stability even after 3 three cycles, and shows 1.135- and 1.17-times higher photocurrent intensity than pure BiVO4 and Ni3V2O8 respectively. The mechanism for the degradation of AO7 over Ni3V2O8/BiVO4 nanocomposite photocatalyst has been proposed.

Revealing the charge transfer mechanism in magnetically recyclable ternary g-C3N4/BiOBr/Fe3O4 nanocomposite for efficient photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotics.

Pharmaceutical compounds in water bodies pose hazards to the ecosystem because of their biotoxicity potency. To eradicate such pharmaceutical compounds, a novel g-CN/BiOBr/Fe3O4 nanocomposites was prepared using a simplistic route and appraised for photodegradation of model tetracycline antibiotics. The g-CN/BiOBr/Fe3O4 nanocomposites exhibited complete tetracycline degradation in just 60 min exposure of simulated light irradiation, which is 6 times higher than the g-CN. Under the analogous condition, the tetracycline mineralization ability of the g-CN/BiOBr/Fe3O4 nanocomposites was evaluated to be 78% of total organic carbon removal. The superior photocatalytic performance is ascribed to the extended visible light harvesting ability and enhanced charge carrier separation/transfer with impeded recombination rate in light of effective indirect Z-scheme heterojunction construction. Based on band-edge potential and radical trapping studies indicate that h+ > â€¢O2- > â€¢OH are the active species responsible for photodegradation. Furthermore, the ternary nanocomposites are magnetically retrievable and recyclable while retaining their stable photocatalytic performance. This work endows a new perspective on the rational design and construction of magnetically recoverable ternary nanocomposite for environmental remediation.

Lysozyme microspheres incorporated with anisotropic gold nanorods for ultrasound activated drug delivery.

We report on the fabrication of lysozyme microspheres (LyMs) incorporated with gold nanorods (NRs) as a distinctive approach for the encapsulation and release of an anticancer drug, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). LyMs with an average size of 4.0 ± 1.0 µm were prepared by a sonochemical method and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The LyMs were examined using hydrophobic (nile red) as well as hydrophilic (trypan blue) dyes under confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to obtain information about the preferential distribution of fluorescent molecules. Notably, the fluorescent molecules were accumulated in the inner lining of LyMs as the core was occupied with air. The encapsulation efficiency of 5-FU for LyMs-NR was found to be ∼64%. The drug release from control LyMs as well as LyMs incorporated with NRs was investigated under the influence of ultrasound (US) at 200 kHz. The total release for control LyMs and LyMs incorporated with gold NRs was found to be ∼70 and 95% after 1 h, respectively. The density difference caused by NR incorporation on the shell played a key role in rupturing the LyMs-NR under US irradiation. Furthermore, 5-FU loaded LyMs-NR exhibited excellent anti-cancer activity against the THP-1 cell line (∼90% cell death) when irradiated with US of 200 kHz. The enhanced anti-cancer activity of LyMs-NR was caused by the transfer of released 5-FU molecules from bulk to the interior of the cell via temporary pores formed on the surface of cancer cells, i.e., sonoporation. Thus, LyMs-NR demonstrated here has a high potential for use as carriers in the field of drug delivery, bio-imaging and therapy.

One-step synthesis of rod-on-plate like 1D/2D-NiMoO4/BiOI nanocomposite for an efficient visible light driven photocatalyst for pollutant degradation.

Visible light active 1D/2D-NiMoO4/BiOI nanocomposite photocatalyst has been constructed by single step solvothermal method. Various compositions of NiMoO4/BiOI nanocomposites are prepared by loading different amounts of nickel molybdate (NiMoO4) (1, 2, 3 wt%) to the bismuth oxy iodide (BiOI) and investigated by XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDAX, TEM, UV-vis DRS, and PL analysis. Among the as-prepared photocatalysts, 1 wt% NiMoO4 incorporated BiOI (NMBI-1) showed superior photocatalytic activity with a rate constant of 0.0442 min-1 for methylene blue degradation. While the bandgap values of pure BiOI and NiMoO4 are 1.94 and 2.43 eV, respectively, the optimized NMBI-1 exhibited a lower bandgap energy of 1.64 eV, and showed about 2 and 3.7 times higher photodegradation ability than the pure NiMoO4 and BiOI, respectively, towards MB removal under visible light. The NMBI-1 nanocomposite photocatalyst is stable even after four cycles, indicating an excellent photostability and recyclability. Charge carriers on the interface of NiMoO4 and BiOI easily transferred via the newly formed heterojunction, thereby increasing the photocatalytic performance. Photochemically formed h+ and.OH are found to be the major species in the MB removal under visible light illumination. Therefore, the 1D/2D-NiMoO4/BiOI nanocomposite photocatalyst materials may be considered for the wastewater remediation processes.

One-pot synthesis of bismuth yttrium tungstate nanosheet decorated 3D-BiOBr nanoflower heterostructure with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity.

A visible light driven BiOBr/BixY1-xWO6 nanocomposite photocatalyst of various compositions are prepared by the addition of different amounts of KBr (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mmol) in BixY1-xWO6 by a one-pot hydrothermal method. Furthermore, the photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared materials are analyzed by the decomposition of methylene blue under visible light illumination. In particular, the BiOBr/BixY1-xWO6 nanocomposite prepared by taking 1.5 mmol of KBr present a superior photocatalytic ability (78.3%) with the rate constant value 0.016 min-1, a low bandgap (Eg = 2.51 eV) as well as photoluminescence emission intensity than other photocatalysts prepared in this study. The radical scavenging studies revealed that OH and h+ performed an imperative role in the decomposition of methylene blue. Furthermore, the optimized photocatalyst is stable even after four cycles, which exposes the excellent photostability and reusability properties of the photocatalyst. In addition, a plausible mechanism of decomposition of methylene blue under visible light irradiation is also proposed.

Correction to "Facile Green Approach for Developing Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Embedded Platinum Nanoparticles for Ultrasensitive Detection of Nitric Oxide".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05644.].

Promoting Spatial Charge Transfer of ZrO2 Nanoparticles: Embedded on Layered MoS2/g-C3N4 Nanocomposites for Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic Removal of Tetracycline.

Photocatalytic degradation is a sustainable technique for reducing the environmental hazards created by the overuse of antibiotics in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Herein, a layer of MoS2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite is introduced to zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles to form a "particle-embedded-layered" structure. Thus, a narrow band gap (2.8 eV) starts developing, deliberated as a core photodegradation component. Under optimization, a high photocatalytic activity of 20 mg/L TC at pH 3 with ZrO2@MoS2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite was achieved with 94.8% photocatalytic degradation in 90 min. A photocatalytic degradation rate constant of 0.0230 min-1 is determined, which is 2.3 times greater than the rate constant for bare ZrO2 NPs. The superior photocatalytic activity of ZrO2@MoS2/g-C3N4 is due to the dual charge-transfer channel between the MoS2/g-C3N4 and ZrO2 nanoparticles, which promotes the formation of photogenerated e-/h+ pairs. Charge recombination produces many free electron-hole pairs, which aid photocatalyst reactions by producing superoxide and hydroxyl radicals via electron-hole pair generation. The possible mechanistic routes for TC were investigated in-depth, as pointed out by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) investigation. Overall, this work shows that photocatalysis is a feasible sorbent approach for environmental antibiotic wastewater treatment.