ABSTRACT
Background: Regular physical activity (PA) is essential for health maintenance and disease prevention. COV-ID-19 and its social isolation affected patients with cardiovascular (CV) disease. This is a scoping review aiming to map, analyze, and summarize the impacts caused by the isolation of the COVID-19 pandemic concerning PA and CV health in adults. Methods: The review was based on PRISMA-ScR. PubMed, PubMed Central, BVS/BIREME, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, and SciELO databases were selected to search. Two search phases were performed: May 2021 and March 2022. English-language full-text papers were included. Initially, the titles and abstracts of the retrieved documents were read and screened based on the research question. A third reviewer resolved disagreement through consensus meetings. An assessment form was adapted for data extraction. The study was registered in the Open Science Framework platform under the DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/AH6P8. Results: 11 papers were included and demonstrated that regular PA could be challenging in social isolation environments. Most participants were moderately active and performed low-intensity PA. Confinement led to the limitation of everyday activities, nutritional disorders, and reduced PA, contributing to weight gain. Quarantine was associated with stress and depression, leading to an unhealthy diet (AU).
Introdução: A prática regular de atividade física (AF) é essencial para a manutenção da saúde e prevenção de doenças. A COVID-19 e seu isolamento social afetaram pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares (CV) na prática dessas atividades. Desta forma, realizou-se uma revisão de escopo com o objetivo de mapear, analisar e sintetizar os impactos causados pelo isolamento da pandemia de COVID-19 na realização de AF e na saúde CV em adultos. Métodos: A revisão foi baseada no PRISMA-ScR. Foram selecionadas para a pesquisa a PubMed, PubMed Central, BVS/BIREME, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e bases de dados SciELO. Duas fases de busca foram realizadas: maio de 2021 e março de 2022. Foram incluídos artigos que possuíam texto completo em inglês. Inicialmente, os títulos e resumos dos documentos recuperados foram lidos e triados com base na questão de pesquisa. Um terceiro revisor foi utilizado para avaliar os desacordos por meio de reuniões de consenso. Um formulário de avaliação foi adaptado para extração de dados. O estudo foi registrado na plataforma Open Science Framework sob o DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/AH6P8. Resultados: 11 artigos foram incluídos neste estudo e demonstraram que a AF regular pode ser desafiadora em ambientes de isolamento social. A maioria dos participantes era moderadamente ativa e praticava AF de baixa intensidade. O confinamento levou à limitação das atividades cotidianas, distúrbios nutricionais e diminuição da AF, contribuindo para o ganho de peso. A quarentena foi associada ao estresse e à depressão, levando a uma dieta pouco saudável. Possíveis soluções apontam para a realização de AF domiciliar, considerando a saúde basal e o estado CV. Conclusão: A era pós-COVID-19 e suas consequências apontam para a necessidade de planejamento de estratégias que aumentem e mantenham a AF domiciliar como medida protetora para a população em geral, considerando saúde CV, recursos e espaço domiciliar (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Social Isolation , Cardiovascular Diseases , Sedentary Behavior , COVID-19ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Medication adherence has a major impact on reducing mortality and healthcare costs related to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Selecting the best patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) among the many available for this kind of patient is extremely important. This study aims to critically assess, compare and synthesize the quality of the measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures to assess medication adherence among patients with cardiovascular diseases and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: This review followed the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines and was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The searches were performed in Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, PsycINFO, and ProQuest (gray literature). RESULTS: A total of 110 records encompassing 27 different PROMs were included in the review. The included records were published between 1986 and 2023, most of which reported studies conducted in the United States and were published in English. None of the PROMs were classified in the category "a", thus being recommended for use due to the quality of its measurement properties. The PROMs that should not be recommended for use (category "c") are the MTA, GMAS, DMAS-7, MALMAS, ARMS-D, and 5-item questionnaire. The remaining PROMs, e.g., MMAS-8, SMAQ, MEDS, MNPS, ARMS-12, MGT, MTA-OA, MTA-Insulin, LMAS-14, MARS-5, A-14, ARMS-10, IADMAS, MAQ, MMAS-5, ProMAS, ARMS-7, 3-item questionnaire, AS, 12-item questionnaire, and Mascard were considered as having the potential to be recommended for use (category "b"). CONCLUSION: None of the included PROMs met the criteria for being classified as trusted and recommended for use for patients with cardiovascular diseases and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, 21 PROMs have the potential to be recommended for use, but further studies are needed to ensure their quality based on the COSMIN guideline for systematic reviews of PROMs. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42019129109.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Humans , Quality of Life , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy , Patient Reported Outcome Measures , Surveys and Questionnaires , PsychometricsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To adapt a pre-existing educational game, making it specific to the teaching of blood pressure auscultatory measurement, and to apply this game in a pilot study. Method: The original game cards were altered by the authors and submitted to content validation by six experts in the field. After redesigns, the game was applied to 30 subjects, who answered a questionnaire (pre-test and post-test) on auscultatory measurement. Data were analyzed descriptively and by the paired Student's t-test and paired Wilcoxon test. Results: Throughout the content validation process, 17 of the 28 original cards were modified. Of these 17 cards, 13 obtained 80% agreement, and the rest were modified according to the judges' suggestions. The obtained grades significantly increased between pre- and the post-test. Conclusion: It was concluded that the reformulated game presented satisfactory evidence of content validity. Its use as a teaching-learning method was effective for this sample.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Adaptar un juego educativo ya existente, al dejarlo específico para enseñar a medir la presiónarterial por la auscultación, y aplicarlo en un estudio piloto. Método: Las cartas del juego original fueron cambiadas por los autores y sometidas a la validaciónde contenido por seis expertos en el área. Tras las reformulaciones, se aplicóel juego a treinta personas, que contestaron preguntas (antes de la prueba y despuésde la prueba) acerca de la mediciónpor la auscultación. Se analizaron los datos descriptivamente y por intermedio de las pruebas t de Student pareada y Wilcoxon pareada. Resultados: Durante el proceso de validación de contenido, se cambiaron 17 de 28 cartas originales. De las diecisiete, trece tuvieron el 80% de concordancia, y las demás fueron cambiadas según las sugerencias de los expertos. Las notas obtenidas aumentaron significativamente entre antes de la prueba y despuésde la prueba. Conclusión: Se concluye que el juego reformulado presentó satisfactorias evidencias para la validación de contenido. Su uso mientras método de enseñanza-aprendizaje fue eficaz para esta muestra.
RESUMO Objetivo: Adaptar um jogo educativo pré-existente, tornando-o específico para o ensino da medida auscultatória da pressão arterial, e aplicar esse jogo em estudo-piloto. Método: As cartas do jogo original foram alteradas pelos autores e submetidas a validação de conteúdo por seis especialistas na área. Após reformulações, o jogo foi aplicado a 30 sujeitos, que responderam a um questionário (pré-teste e pós-teste) sobre medida auscultatória. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e pelos testes t de Student pareado e Wilcoxon pareado. Resultados: Em todo o processo de validação de conteúdo, foram modificadas 17 das 28 cartas originais. Destas 17, 13 obtiveram 80% de concordância, e as demais foram modificadas conforme sugestões dos juízes. As notas obtidas aumentaram significantemente entre o pré-teste e o pós-teste. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que o jogo reformulado apresentou evidências satisfatórias de validade de conteúdo. Sua utilização enquanto método de ensino-aprendizagem foi eficaz para esta amostra.
Subject(s)
Humans , Teaching/standards , Blood Pressure , Monitoring, Physiologic/standards , Pilot Projects , Surveys and Questionnaires , Educational Measurement/methodsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To adapt a pre-existing educational game, making it specific to the teaching of blood pressure auscultatory measurement, and to apply this game in a pilot study. METHOD: The original game cards were altered by the authors and submitted to content validation by six experts in the field. After redesigns, the game was applied to 30 subjects, who answered a questionnaire (pre-test and post-test) on auscultatory measurement. Data were analyzed descriptively and by the paired Student's t-test and paired Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: Throughout the content validation process, 17 of the 28 original cards were modified. Of these 17 cards, 13 obtained 80% agreement, and the rest were modified according to the judges' suggestions. The obtained grades significantly increased between pre- and the post-test. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the reformulated game presented satisfactory evidence of content validity. Its use as a teaching-learning method was effective for this sample.
