Subject(s)
Constipation , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Singapore , Constipation/therapy , Constipation/drug therapy , Male , Female , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Middle Aged , Adult , Physicians/psychology , Attitude of Health PersonnelABSTRACT
Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) is a rare cause of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension that should be considered in patients with no risk factors for chronic liver disease or in any unusual presentation of variceal hemorrhage. We present a case of an 82-year-old Chinese female, with a history of previous metastatic sigmoid carcinoma with oxaliplatin use, who presented with melena. A gastroscopy done revealed one column of grade 3 esophageal varix, two columns of grade 2 esophageal varices, and a type 1 gastroesophageal varix with stigmata of recent hemorrhage. Cyanoacrylate glue therapy was performed without any complications. A follow-up computed tomography (CT) imaging of the abdomen did not reveal any significant features of cirrhosis or venous thrombosis, and the decision was made for a transjugular liver biopsy with hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement. The measured HVPG was 6 mmHg, and the liver biopsy showed features consistent with NRH.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects , Liraglutide/adverse effects , Pancreatitis/pathology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Liraglutide/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Pancreatitis/chemically induced , PrognosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) often have concomitant anxiety and depression. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) combines the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness. It is a group-based therapy and has been shown to be efficacious in functional gastrointestinal disorders. There are no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating MBCT in FD. We aimed to evaluate feasibility and efficacy of MBCT in FD management. METHODS: We performed a mixed-method single-center pilot randomized trial of 28 patients fulfilling ROME-III criteria for FD. Fifteen patients were randomized to an 8-week MBCT program while 13 underwent treatment-as-usual (TAU). Patients completed questionnaires at baseline and at week 8. Two focus-groups were conducted. Feasibility of recruitment, acceptability of randomization, procedures and intervention, handout compliance and feasibility of quantitative measures were assessed. The primary outcome was subjective-clinical-assessment of FD symptoms (SCA-FD). Secondary outcome measures included Short-form Nepean Dyspepsia Index (SF-NDI), subjective-clinical-assessment of general health (SCA-GH), EuroQoL-Visual Analog Scale (EuroQoL-VAS), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21). RESULTS: Twelve of 15 patients in the MBCT group completed the program. There was a trend towards symptom improvement, with 90% in the MBCT group reporting improvement in SCA-FD compared with 45% in TAU(P = 0.063). Patients who underwent MBCT reported greater improvement in SF-NDI (mean change: -8.8 (SD: 7.5) vs -0.7 (7.2), P = 0.018) and DASS-21 (-19.8 (29.5) vs -5.5 (6.6) P = 0.13) compared with TAU. There was no difference in SCA-GH and EuroQoL-VAS. Based on SCA-FD improvement, the eventual RCT will require 50 patients (25 in each group). CONCLUSIONS: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is likely efficacious for FD, and it would be feasible to conduct a RCT.
