ABSTRACT
The experiences of nine licensed mental health practitioners regarding their work with clients from low-income backgrounds were examined utilizing grounded theory methodology. Themes that emerged from the semi-structured interviews highlighted a rich narrative that portrayed the work as both deeply satisfying and inherently complex. Participants described the personal nature of this work, including countertransference elicited because of their own personal economic contexts and emotional reactions experienced within and outside the therapy room. Their stories acknowledged systematic challenges that act as barriers to treatment. Some participants noted that this has contributed to feelings of disillusionment toward the field as well as fears about the future of the mental health care. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for training, future research, and clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Healthcare Disparities/economics , Mental Disorders/economics , Professional-Patient Relations , Psychotherapy/economics , Social Class , Adult , Female , Grounded Theory , Humans , Interviews as Topic , Male , Mental Disorders/therapy , Middle Aged , Poverty , Psychotherapy/methods , Qualitative Research , United States , WorkforceABSTRACT
The experiences of vicarious unemployment (VU) among 17 undergraduate student participants who had a primary caregiver who was involuntarily unemployed were explored using grounded theory (Charmaz, 2006; Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Data from semistructured interviews with 15 women and 2 men revealed the nuanced nature of experiences with unemployment among those who experience it vicariously. Struggles related to increased family stress and experiences with stigma were common across participants. As participants reflected upon these challenges, they both lamented the costs associated with the struggles and expressed appreciation for the lessons that they have learned. They emerged from their VU experiences with increased financial and job market awareness, which informed their hope for a life that is free from the struggles endured in their families. Participants expressed confidence in their ability to cultivate financial security for their own families, stable employment, and opportunities to pursue work that will allow them to give back to others. Implications for counseling and directions for future research are discussed.
Subject(s)
Family/psychology , Psychological Theory , Students/psychology , Unemployment/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Interview, Psychological/methods , Male , Stereotyping , Stress, Psychological/psychology , United States , Young AdultABSTRACT
Attending to persistence intentions among Native American students enrolled in institutions of higher education is critical, given low retention rates. The purpose of the study was twofold: (a) we developed and examined the psychometric properties of a new measure, the Native American Collective Pursuits of Education (NACOPE), and (b) we explored persistence attitudes among 156 Native American students using Gloria and Rodriguez's (2000) psychosociocultural framework. Pilot data and exploratory analysis supported the psychometric properties of the NACOPE and its use to understand educational experiences for Native American students. Results also supported the prediction of culturally relevant noncognitive variables to persistence intentions. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for higher education are discussed.
Subject(s)
Indians, North American/psychology , Intention , Students/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Predictive Value of Tests , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Psychometrics/statistics & numerical data , Regression Analysis , Self Concept , Surveys and Questionnaires , Universities , Young AdultABSTRACT
The process of psychotherapy among 16 low-income clients was explored using grounded theory (Charmaz, 2006; Glaser & Strauss, 1967) in order to understand and identify their unique experiences and needs. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 women and 4 men who had attended at least 6 sessions of psychotherapy within 6 months of the interview. Our grounded theory that evolved depicted a tapestry of the dynamic process by which low-income clients experience social class within psychotherapy. Specific therapist behaviors that contribute to more and less positive experiences emerged from the data and pointed to the importance of acknowledging social class within the therapy room. The significance of therapists enhancing the 50-min hour via advocacy and meaningful moments within and outside of the therapy room was highlighted among all participants. Implications for practice with low-income clients and directions for future research are provided.
