Time-Resolved Dynamics of Metal Halide Perovskite under High Pressure: Recent Progress and Challenges.

Metal halide perovskites have garnered significant attention in the scientific community for their promising applications in optoelectronic devices. The application of pressure engineering, a viable technique, has played a crucial role in substantially improving the optoelectronic characteristics of perovskites. Despite notable progress in understanding ground-state structural changes under high pressure, a comprehensive exploration of excited-state dynamics influencing luminescence remains incomplete. This Perspective delves into recent advances in time-resolved dynamics studies of photoexcited metal halide perovskites under high pressure. With a focus on the intricate interplay between structural alterations and electronic properties, we investigate electron-phonon interactions, carrier transport mechanisms, and the influential roles of self-trapped excitons (STEs) and coherent phonons in luminescence. However, significant challenges persist, notably the need for more advanced measurement techniques and a deeper understanding of the phenomena induced by high pressure in perovskites.

Evidence of Surface-Mediated Carrier-Phonon Scattering in MXene.

In a two-dimensional (2D) metallic nanostructure, when a sample's thickness is shorter than a carrier mean free path, the ultrathin thickness may influence carrier and energy transport, owing to surface scattering. However, to date, for metallic 2D transition-metal carbides (MXenes), experiments and calculations related to surface scattering have not been performed. The contribution of ultrathin structures to carrier surface scattering in MXene is yet to be explored. Herein, to reveal this effect, we design various models, including metal/MXene, dielectric/MXene, and bulk structure, and analyze their carrier dynamics via ultrafast spectroscopy. The results related to carrier dynamics indicate that the influence of the dielectric/MXene interface and the temperature is negligible. In contrast, the carrier dynamic lifetimes are prolonged owing to weakened surface scattering in metal/MXene, which is supported by ab initio calculations. These results suggest that the carrier-phonon scattering is dominated by surface scattering. These findings can help guide effective energy transport and enhance energy conversion and catalysis.

Exploring the Potential Applications of Lanthanide-Based Double Perovskite in Remote Pressure and Temperature Sensing.

Remote optical sensing with nondestructive, fast, and accurate detection capabilities is a powerful noncontact method widely used in natural, industrial, and biological fields. In this work, Cs2NaErCl6 double perovskite was synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The pressure-dependent photoluminescence (PL) lifetime of Er3+ in the range of 0-20 GPa was investigated, demonstrating its potential for pressure monitoring. The high-pressure relative sensitivity (SR) is ∼18.45% GPa-1. Temperature measurements were conducted using the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of the thermal couple energy level (TCEL) and the nonthermal couple energy level (NTCEL) of Er3+ across a temperature range of 100-660 K, with a maximum SR of 5.36% K-1. By combining MXene with Cs2NaErCl6 and recording the FIR of Cs2NaErCl6 under 1550 nm excitation, the photothermal conversion temperature of MXene can be accurately determined. These findings highlight the potential of Cs2NaErCl6 for remote pressure and temperature sensing, particularly in the biomedical field.

Tailoring the high-brightness "warm" white light emission of two-dimensional perovskite crystals via a pressure-inhibited nonradiative transition.

Efficient warm white light emission is an ideal characteristic of single-component materials for light-emitting applications. Although two-dimensional hybrid perovskites are promising candidates for light-emitting diodes, as they possess broadband self-trapped emission and outstanding stability, they rarely achieve a high photoluminescence quantum yield of warm white light emissions. Here, an unusual pressure-induced warm white emission enhancement phenomenon from 2.1 GPa to 9.9 GPa was observed in two-dimensional perovskite (2meptH2)PbCl4, accompanied by a large increase in the relative quantum yield of photoluminescence. The octahedral distortions, accompanied with the evolution of organic cations, triggered the structural collapse, which caused the sudden emission enhancement at 2.1 GPa. Afterwards, the further intra-octahedral collapse promotes the formation of self-trapped excitons and the substantial suppression of nonradiative transitions are responsible for the continuous pressure-induced photoluminescence enhancement. This study not only clearly illustrates the relationship between crystal structure and photoluminescence, but also provides an experimental basis for the synthesis of high-quality warm white light-emitting 2D metal halide perovskite materials.

Anomalous Dynamics of Defect-Assisted Phonon Recycling in Few-Layer Mo0.5W0.5S2.

Alloying has emerged as a new strategy to tune the function of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). However, the lack of research on the electrical and structural properties of these alloys limits their practical applications. Here, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy with pump pulse tunability is performed to elucidate the ultrafast carrier dynamics in the few-layer Mo0.5W0.5S2 prepared by the liquid phase exfoliation method. An anomalous rebleaching of the ground state is observed at high pump fluence by 3.1 eV excitation. We ascribe this rebleaching of the ground state to the mechanism that the carriers trapped in the defect are thermally excited back to the untrapped exciton state due to the phonon recycling, which hinders the dissipation of nonradiative energy, through comparative experiments and global analysis. Our findings demonstrate a novel energy transfer channel assisted by defect in few-layer TMDCs which is critical for their advanced applications.

Physical Insights on the Thermoelectric Performance of Cs2SnBr6 with Ultralow Lattice Thermal Conductivity.

This study has investigated the microscopic mechanisms of ultralow lattice thermal conductivity by the first-principles density functional theory. By solving the phonon Boltzmann equation iteratively, we find that the thermal conductivity of the lattice is abnormally low and that glass like heat transfer behavior occurs. Therefore, in addition to the contribution about the particle-like propagation to heat transport, the off-diagonal elements of the heat-flux operator through wave-like interbranch tunneling of phonon modes are also considered. The results provided new insights into the minimum thermal conductivity (κL) for Cs2SnBr6 (0.17 W m-1 K-1 at 450 K). It was also found that polar optical phonon scattering severely affects carrier lifetime. In addition, an impressive thermoelectric figure of merit of 0.55 at 450 K for Cs2SnBr6 was obtained in the case of doping p-type carriers. The study helps us understand the ultralow κL in complex crystals with strong anharmonicity and find that Cs2SnBr6 is a new and promising thermoelectric material.

Multiparametric MR radiomics in brain glioma: models comparation to predict biomarker status.

BACKGROUND: Genotype status of glioma have important significance to clinical treatment and prognosis. At present, there are few studies on the prediction of multiple genotype status in glioma by method of multi-sequence radiomics. The purpose of the study is to compare the performance of clinical features (age, sex, WHO grade, MRI morphological features etc.), radiomics features from multi MR sequence (T2WI, T1WI, DWI, ADC, CE-MRI (contrast enhancement)), and a combined multiple features model in predicting biomarker status (IDH, MGMT, TERT, 1p/19q of glioma. METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, 81 glioma patients confirmed by histology were enrolled in this study. Five MRI sequences were used for radiomic feature extraction. Finally, 107 features were extracted from each sequence on Pyradiomics software, separately. These included 18 first-order metrics, such as the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis etc., 14 shape features and second-order metrics including 24 grey level run length matrix (GLCM), 16 grey level run length matrix (GLRLM), 16 grey level size zone matrix (GLSZM), 5 neighboring gray tone difference matrix (NGTDM), and 14 grey level dependence matrix (GLDM). Then, Univariate analysis and LASSO (Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model were used to data dimension reduction, feature selection, and radiomics signature building. Significant features (p < 0.05 by multivariate logistic regression were retained to establish clinical model, T1WI model, T2WI model, T1 + C (T1WI contrast enhancement model, DWI model and ADC model, multi sequence model. Clinical features were combined with multi sequence model to establish a combined model. The predictive performance was validated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: The combined model showed the better performance in some groups of genotype status among some models (IDH AUC = 0.93, MGMT AUC = 0.88, TERT AUC = 0.76). Multi sequence model performed better than single sequence model in IDH, MGMT, TERT. There was no significant difference among the models in predicting 1p/19q status. Decision curve analysis showed combined model has higher clinical benefit than multi sequence model. CONCLUSION: Multi sequence model is an effective method to identify the genotype status of cerebral glioma. Combined with clinical models can better distinguish genotype status of glioma. KEY POINTS: The combined model showed the higher performance compare with other models in predicting genotype status of IDH, MGMT, TERT. Multi sequence model showed a better predictive model than that of a single sequence model. Compared with other models, the combined model and multi sequence model show no advantage in prediction of 1p/19q status.

Pressure-Induced Restricting Intermolecular Vibration of a Herringbone Dimer for Significantly Enhanced Multicolor Emission in Rotor-Free Truxene Crystals.

Organic solid-state luminescent materials exhibit numerous exciting photoelectric properties that are central to emergent organic light-emitting diodes, smart sensors, and data encryption. However, the luminescence of pure organic rotor-free materials has been afflicted with strong intermolecular π-π stacking interactions. Herein, an unprecedented pressure-induced emission enhancement (PIEE) is realized in a system of rigid planar pure polycyclic aromatics, i.e., truxene crystals. The emission intensity is enhanced 7-fold below 3.0 GPa with a photoluminescence quantum yield increased to 10.17% compared with the initial value of 1.78%, and the emission colors change from green (520 nm) to red (640 nm) within 11.8 GPa. Spectral characterizations and first-principles calculations reveal that the PIEE and piezochromism can mainly be attributed to the restricted intermolecular vibration and the decreased energy gap. Our findings enrich the PIEE mechanism and provide a new guideline for designing pressure-responsive luminescent materials in advancing their photoelectric applications.

Multiparameter MRI Radiomics Model Predicts Preoperative Peritoneal Carcinomatosis in Ovarian Cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the predictive value of radiomics features based on multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) in patients with ovarian cancer (OC). METHODS: A total of 86 patients with epithelial OC were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent FS-T2WI, DWI, and DCE-MRI scans, followed by total hysterectomy plus omentectomy. Quantitative imaging features were extracted from preoperative FS-T2WI, DWI, and DCE-MRI images, and feature screening was performed using a minimum redundancy maximum correlation (mRMR) and least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) methods. Four radiomics models were constructed based on three MRI sequences. Then, combined with radiomics characteristics and clinicopathological risk factors, a multi-factor Logistic regression method was used to construct a radiomics nomogram, and the performance of the radiomics nomogram was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: The radiomics model from the MP-MRI combined sequence showed a higher area under the curve (AUC) than the model from FS-T2WI, DWI, and DCE-MRI alone (0.846 vs. 0.762, 0.830, 0.807, respectively). The radiomics nomogram (AUC=0.902) constructed by combining radiomics characteristics and clinicopathological risk factors showed a better diagnostic effect than the clinical model (AUC=0.858) and the radiomics model (AUC=0.846). The decision curve analysis shows that the radiomics nomogram has good clinical application value, and the calibration curve also proves that it has good stability. CONCLUSION: Radiomics nomogram based on MP-MRI combined sequence showed good predictive accuracy for PC in patients with OC. This tool can be used to identify peritoneal carcinomatosis in OC patients before surgery.

Transformation between the Dark and Bright Self-Trapped Excitons in Lead-Free Double-Perovskite Cs2NaBiCl6 under Pressure.

Understanding the relationships between the structure and the properties in lead-free double perovskites is significant for their applications in the optoelectronic field. Here the nonluminous Cs2NaBiCl6 crystal exhibits an unexpected broadband dual-color emission as the external pressure is increased to 6.77 GPa. The emission intensity is remarkably enhanced with further compression to 8.50 GPa. By analyzing the results of in situ high-pressure experiments and the density functional theory, we conclude that the dual-color emission is attributed to singlet self-trapped excitons (STEs) and triplet STEs, respectively. This phenomenon originates from the tilting and twisting of [BiCl6]3- caused by the transition of cubic Cs2NaBiCl6 to the tetragonal phase. Notably, the transformation between the dark and bright STEs in the Cs2NaBiCl6 crystal is demonstrated by ultrafast transient absorption experiments under different pressures. This work not only offers deep insight into the structure-property relationship in lead-free double perovskites but also opens the door for the design of new lead-free double perovskites.

Knocking down LINC01116 can inhibit the regulation of TGF-ß through miR-774-5p axis and inhibit the occurrence and development of glioma.

BACKGROUND: Many studies have shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) and micro RNA (miRNA), play a crucial regulatory role in glioma. LINC01116 is a newly discovered LncRNA, and the relationship between LncRNA and glioma is still under exploration. METHOD: LncRNAs with potential differences were screened through GEO database, and the expressions of LINC01116 and miR-744-5p/TGF-ß1 in glioma tissues were tested using qRT-PCR. Changes in proliferation and migration/invasion of glioma were tested using CCK-8 and transwell assay. The expression changes of TGF-ß1 were tested using qRT-PCR and Western blot. Targeted binding among LINC01116, miR-744-5p and TGF-ß1 was verified using double luciferase reporter, RNA Immunoprecipitation (PIR) and RNA pull-down experiments. The effect of LINC01116 on tumor growth was determined by tumor allografting test. RESULTS: GEO database and clinical research revealed that the expression level of LINC01116 in glioma increased, and the elevation of LINC01116 was closely related to the adverse prognosis of clinical patients. Functional experiments showed that the inhibition of LINC01116 could up-regulate miR-744-5p-mediated proliferation and metastasis of glioma cells. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR analysis showed that LINC01116 regulated TGF-ß1 by mediating miR-744-5p. Further cell behavior experiments showed that LINC01116 acted as miR-744-5p sponge to inhibit proliferation and metastasis caused by TGF-ß1. Finally, the analysis of animal models in vivo showed that LINC01116 could regulate the tumor growth of glioma. CONCLUSION: LncRNA LINC01116 acts as an oncogene and promotes TGF-ß1 mediated proliferation and metastasis by acting as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in glioma.

The clinical guiding value of a radiomics model for androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Three models were used to evaluate prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and to determine the value of detecting residual lesions after treatment. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed patients with prostate cancer who received ADT from January 2018 to June 2019. Patients were divided into ADT responder and ADT non-responder groups, and clinical risk factors were determined. Regions of interest were manually contoured on each slice on fat-saturated-T2-weighted imaging, and radiomic features were extracted. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression were used to establish radiomics, clinical and combined models. RESULTS: There were 23 ADT non-responders and 20 ADT responders. In the clinical model, total prostate-specific antigen concentration and T stage were independent predictors of efficacy (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.774). The characteristics, MinIntensity and Correlation_ angle135_offset4 indicated an effective clinical model (AUC = 0.807). GLCMEntropy_ AllDirection_offset1_SD was the best feature to differentiate residual lesions from the central gland (CG) (Lesion-CG model, AUC = 0.955). Correlation_angle135_offset4, GLCMEntropy_ AllDirection_offset4_SD and GLCMEntropy_AllDirection_offset7_SD differentiated residual lesions from the peripheral zone (PZ) (Lesion-PZ model, AUC = 0.855). The AUC for the combined model was 0.904. CONCLUSIONS: Our models can guide the clinical treatment of patients with different ADT responses. Furthermore, the radiomics model can detect prostate cancer that is non-responsive to ADT.

Primary application of mean apparent propagator-MRI diffusion model in the grading of diffuse glioma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic -->performance of mean apparent propagator-magnetic resonance imaging (MAP-MRI) in distinguishing the grades of diffuse gliomas. METHOD: Thirty-six patients with pathologically confirmed diffuse gliomas were enrolled in this study. MAP-MRI parameters were measured in the parenchymal area of the tumour: non-Gaussianity (NG), non-Gaussianity axial (NGAx), non-Gaussianity vertical (NGRad), Q-space inverse variance (QIV), return to the origin probability (RTOP), return to the axis probability (RTAP), return to the plane probability (RTPP), and mean square displacement (MSD). Differences in the parameters between any two grades were compared, the characteristics of the parameters for different diffuse glioma grades were analysed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyse the diagnostic value of each parameter. RESULTS: Compared with grade III gliomas, grade II gliomas had lower NG, NGAx and NGRad values. NG, NGAx and NGRad had great area under the ROC curve (AUC) values (0.823, 0.835, and 0.838, P < 0.05). Compared with those of grade IV glioma, the NG, NGAx, NGRad, RTAP and RTOP values for grade II glioma were lower, the QIV values were higher (all P < 0.05). NG, NGAx, NGRad, RTAP, RTOP and QIV had great area under the ROC curve (AUC) values (0.923, 0.929, 0.923,0.793,0.822, and 0.769, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative MAP-MRI parameters can distinguish grade II and III and grade II and IV gliomas before surgery but not grade III and IV gliomas. Thus, these parameters have clinical guiding value in the noninvasive preoperative evaluation of tumour pathological grading.

MR imaging of epithelial ovarian cancer: a combined model to predict histologic subtypes.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of clinical features, conventional MR image features, ADC value, T2WI, DWI, DCE-MRI radiomics, and a combined multiple features model in predicting the type of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, 61 EOC patients were confirmed by histology. Significant features (p < 0.05) by multivariate logistic regression were retained to establish a clinical model, conventional MRI morphological model, ADC model, and traditional model. The radiomics model included FS-T2WI, DWI, and DCE-MRI, and also, a multisequence model was established. A total of 1070 radiomics features of each sequence were extracted; then, univariate analysis and LASSO were used to select important features. Traditional models were combined with a combined radiomics model to establish a mixed model. The predictive performance was validated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). A stratified analysis was conducted to compare the differences between the combined radiomics model and the traditional model in identifying early- and late-stage EOC. RESULTS: Traditional models showed the highest performance (AUC = 0.96). The performance of the mixed model (AUC = 0.97) was not significantly different from that of the traditional model. The calibration curve showed that the traditional model had the highest reliability. Stratified analysis showed the potential of the combined radiomics model in the early distinction of the two tumor types. CONCLUSION: The traditional model is an effective tool to distinguish EOC type I/II. Combined radiomics models have the potential to better distinguish EOC types in early FIGO stage disease. KEY POINTS: • The combined radiomics model resulted in a better predictive model than that from a single sequence model. • The traditional model showed higher classification accuracy than the combined radiomics model. • Combined radiomics models have the potential to better distinguish EOC types in early FIGO stage disease.

Differential study of DCE-MRI parameters in spinal metastatic tumors, brucellar spondylitis and spinal tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, spinal metastatic tumors, brucellar spondylitis and spinal tuberculosis were quantitatively analyzed using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to assess the value of DCE-MRI in the differential diagnosis of these diseases. METHODS: Patients with brucellar spondylitis, spinal tuberculosis or a spinal metastatic tumor (30 cases of each) received conventional MRI and DCE-MRI examination. The volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep), extravascular extracellular volume fraction (Ve) and plasma volume fraction (Vp) of the diseased vertebral bodies were measured on the perfusion parameter map, and the differences in these parameters between the patients were compared. RESULTS: For pathological vertebrae in cases of spinal metastatic tumor, brucellar spondylitis and spinal tuberculosis, respectively, the Ktrans values (median ± quartile pitch) were 0.989±0.014, 0.720±0.011 and 0.317±0.005 min-1; the Kep values were 2.898±0.055, 1.327±0.017 and 0.748±0.006 min-1; the Ve values were 0.339±0.008, 0.542±0.013 and 0.428±0.018; the Vp values were 0.048±0.008, 0.035±0.004 and 0.028±0.009; the corresponding H values were 50.25 (for Ktrans), 52.47 (for Kep), 48.33 (for Ve) and 46.56 (for Vp), and all differences were statistically significant (two-sided P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The quantitative analysis of DCE-MRI has a certain value in the differential diagnosis of spinal metastatic tumor, brucellar spondylitis and spinal tuberculosis.

Resting-State fMRI findings in patients with first-Episode idiopathic epilepsy before and after treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To detect resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) changes and their relationships with the clinical curative effect of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) for complex partial seizures (CPS) in epilepsy patients using the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF). METHODS: rfMRI data from 14 CPS patients enrolled between June 2015 and June 2016 in Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University were retrospectively investigated and compared with findings from 14 healthy age-, gender-, handedness-, and education-matched subjects. The patients were treated with first-line antiepileptic drugs for 12 weeks before undergoing a second rfMRI scan. fALFF data were processed using REST and SPM8 software. Whole-brain data were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: The abnormal findings in CPS patients significantly decreased or disappeared after AED treatment. CONCLUSION: Measuring fALFF is useful for identifying brain functional changes in patients with first-episode epilepsy before and after treatment. Performing rfMRI is useful for evaluating treatment responses and may provide new insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy.

Application of high-field magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson's disease.

The present study aimed to observe the structural changes of the extracorticospinal tract in Parkinson's disease (PD) using susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) magnetic resonance (MR) scans. The association of DTI parameters and brain-iron accumulation with PD was examined and imaging signs useful in the diagnosis of PD were explored. The study included 30 patients with PD and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls who underwent routine MR, SWI and DTI scans. The corrected phase (CP) values of the substantia nigra (SN), red nucleus (RN), globus pallidus (GP) and putamen (PUT) were measured, and fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained. Significant differences were found in the CP values between the PD and control groups in the SN, RN and PUT, but there were no differences in other regions of interest (ROIs). The FA values of the SN and PUT in the PD group were significantly decreased compared with those of the control group, but there was no significant difference in the FA values of the GP. Furthermore, there was no significant inter-group difference in the ADC values of any ROIs. In conclusion, SWI is a method useful for evaluating brain-iron deposition in PD. Increasing iron storage levels have previously been shown to be associated with PD pathogenesis but not with the degree of PD severity. FA values may be useful for diagnosing PD, and DTI may offer some insight into PD pathomechanisms and clinical diagnosis.

Downregulation of miR-384-5p attenuates rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells through inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in this process involved in PD remains poorly understood. Recent studies indicate that miR-384-5p plays an important role for cell survival in response to different insults, but the role of miR-384-5p in PD-associated neurotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-384-5p in an in vitro model of PD using dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells treated with rotenone. We found that miR-384-5p was persistently induced by rotenone in neurons. Also, the inhibition of miR-384-5p significantly suppressed rotenone-induced neurotoxicity, while overexpression of miR-384-5p aggravated rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. Through bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assay, miR-384-5p was found to directly target the 3'-untranslated region of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), the master regulator of ER stress sensors. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis showed that miR-384-5p negatively regulated the expression of GRP78. Inhibition of miR-384-5p remarkably suppressed rotenone-evoked ER stress, which was evident by a reduction in the phosphorylation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α). The downstream target genes of ER stress including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP) and X box-binding protein-1 (XBP-1) were also decreased by the miR-384-5p inhibitor. In contrast, overexpression of miR-384-5p enhanced ER stress signaling. In addition, knockdown of GRP78 significantly abrogated the inhibitory effect of miR-384-5p inhibitors on cell apoptosis and ER stress signaling. Moreover, we observed a significant increase of miR-384-5p expression in primary neurons induced by rotenone. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-384-5p mediated ER stress by negatively regulating GRP78 and that miR-384-5p inhibition might be a novel and promising approach for the treatment of PD.

Struma ovarii accompanied by mature cystic teratoma of the other ovary: A case report and literature review.

Struma ovarii, as a monodermal variant of ovarian teratoma, constitutes <3% of ovarian teratomas. It is difficult determine a diagnosis prior to surgery. The current study reports an unusual case of struma ovarii occurring in a 49 year-old female, which was accompanied by mature cystic teratoma involving the other ovary. The final pathological diagnosis was confirmed as struma ovarii based on the typical morphology of the thyroid follicles and the results of immunohistochemical staining. The bilateral tumors were resected and follow-up examinations were planned at four month intervals. At the time of writing, the patient was well and no tumor recurrence had been identified.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma: Clinicopathological analysis and imaging results.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare, malignant, soft-tissue tumor that accounts for ~1.2% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. Due to its low incidence, clinicians often overlook the diagnosis. However, it is difficult to form an accurate diagnosis prior to surgery due to the lack of experience in imaging diagnosis. The present study reviewed the pathological images, and the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data of 6 ASPS cases in order to investigate the clinicopathological and imaging characteristics of the tumor. The present study indicated that the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of ASPS are nonspecific, but malignancy may be determined to a certain degree, which may aid in diagnosis prior to surgery and provides information for treatment guidance.