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1.
Eur J Intern Med ; 2024 Apr 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38643042

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Several interventions have been tested for cardio-protection against anthracycline-induced cancer therapy-related cardiovascular dysfunction (CTRCD). The role of statins in this setting remains unclear. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing statins versus control (placebo or no intervention) for preventing anthracycline-induced CTRCD. We applied a random-effects model to pool risk ratios (RR) and mean differences (MD) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: We included seven RCTs comprising 887 patients with planned chemotherapy with anthracycline-based regimens, of whom 49.8 % were randomized to statins. Relative to placebo, statins significantly reduced the incidence of cardiotoxicity/CTRCD (RR 0.46; 95 % CI 0.29 to 0.72; p < 0.001). The left ventricular end-systolic volume was also lower in patients treated with statin (MD -3.12 mL; 95 % CI -6.13 to -0.12 mL; p = 0.042). There was no significant difference between groups in post-anthracycline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) overall. CONCLUSION: In this meta-analysis of RCTs, statins were significantly associated with a lower incidence of anthracycline-induced CTRCD and attenuated changes in the left ventricular end-systolic volume. Thus, our findings suggest that statins should be considered as a cardio-protection strategy for patients with planned anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

2.
Circulation ; 148(Suppl.1)Nov. 7, 2023. graf.
Article in English | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1519654

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Traditional echocardiography is limited in the early assessment of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, especially in cases of tricuspid regurgitation (TR). In this context, right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) has emerged as a promising tool to enhance this evaluation. Hypothesis: We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether impaired RVFWLS in patients with moderate to severe TR is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalization. METHODS: We searched Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane for studies that examined our clinical question. Two reviewers performed study selection, data extraction and assessment of bias. RVFWLS was evaluated as a binary variable: normal/near-normal vs. impaired. The latter was defined as a RVFWLS > -17%. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1. We calculated pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) under a random effects model. We also performed a subgroup analysis of multivariable analyses to minimize the effect of confounding variables. RESULTS: We included 1,523 patients from 5 cohort studies. The mean follow-up ranged from 2.2 to 3.9 years. Mean age ranged to 62 to 84 years and 1,462 (96%) had functional TR. All-cause mortality (HR 1.06; 95% CI 1.02-1.10; p=0.002) and the composite of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalizations (HR 1.10; 95% CI 1.03-1.18; p=0.006) were significantly higher in patients with impaired RVFWLS compared with normal or near-normal RVFWLS. When considering only the multivariable analyses, patients with reduced RVFWLS also had a higher adjusted risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.05; 95% CI 1.02-1.08; p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that RVFWLS is an independent prognostic factor for all-cause mortality among patients with moderate to severe TR. The use of RVFWLS to guide management of this population warrants further investigation.

3.
J Wound Care ; 31(7): 579-584, 2022 Jul 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35797254

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Oncology patients are vulnerable to skin breakdown. The primary purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of skin tears (STs) in hospitalised patients with cancer and to explore related sociodemographic and clinical factors. METHOD: This was an observational, epidemiological, cross-sectional study conducted in an oncology hospital in the city of São Paulo. All STs were classified using the STAR Classification adapted and validated for Brazil. RESULTS: Of the 341 patients evaluated, 22 had STs, equating to a prevalence of 6.5%. A higher number of STs were noted on the lower limbs (26.9%) than on other body areas. The main factors associated with STs were the use of anticoagulants, the presence of ecchymosis and the use of incontinence briefs. CONCLUSION: This study contributed to a better understanding of the epidemiology of STs in hospitalised patients with cancer, as well as its associated factors. Results may inform nursing professionals with regard to the need to develop prevention strategies and early interventions.


Subject(s)
Lacerations , Neoplasms , Soft Tissue Injuries , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Lacerations/epidemiology , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Prevalence , Skin/injuries
4.
J Wound Care ; 31(LatAm sup 6a): 19-26, 2022 Jul 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36787942

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Investigar la prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria (IU) y sus factores asociados en estudiantes universitarias del interior del estado brasileño del Amazonas. MÉTODO: Estudio transversal, observacional, analítico y cuantitativo. La muestra de conveniencia fue compuesta por 72 estudiantes universitarias de entre 18 y 30 años. Un cuestionario sobre datos sociodemográficos y de salud fue aplicado. La prevalencia y caracterización de las pérdidas urinarias fueron obtenidas por el International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), en su versión adaptada y validada para Brasil. Los datos fueron analizados por estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. Se emplearon las pruebas Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Chi-cuadrado de Pearson y Exacto de Fisher, además de regresión logística (intervalo de confianza: 95% p<0,05). RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de IU fue de 36,11% (26/72 estudiantes), predominantemente (80,77%) de urgencia (IUU). La edad difirió (p=0,031) entre los grupos de mujeres continentes (promedio=22,72. Desviación estándar (DE)=2,93 años) e incontinentes (promedio=21,23. DE=2,72 años). La situación predominante de pérdida fue "antes de llegar al baño" (30,77%) y el impacto de la IU sobre las actividades diarias fue considerado bajo. En el modelo de regresión logística, la edad fue un factor asociado a la presencia de IU (odds ratio (0R)=0,68; p=0,006). CONCLUSIÓN: La IUU fue prevalente en la muestra estudiada, con la menor edad como factor asociado. La IU en mujeres jóvenes necesita ser mejor investigada para identificar otros factores que puedan estar relacionados con la condición encontrada en el interior del Amazonas. CONFLICTO DE INTERÉS: Ninguno.


Subject(s)
Fecal Incontinence , Urinary Incontinence , Humans , Prevalence , Universities , Fecal Incontinence/epidemiology , Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology , Students
5.
J Wound Care ; 31(LatAm sup 6a): 7-18, 2022 Jul 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36787945

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar y describir la epidemiología de los desgarros de piel (DP) en el contexto latinoamericano. MÉTODO: Revisión bibliográfica de estudios epidemiológicos publicados entre 1946 y mayo de 2021, en inglés, español y portugués, consultados en texto completo. Para la búsqueda, se utilizaron descriptores correspondientes a la estrategia PCC: Población (adultos), Concepto (epidemiología de los DP) y Contexto (hospitalario e institucional). Los estudios fueron recuperados de las bases de datos Scielo, Lilacs, Embase, Cinahl, Medline y BDEnf, y evaluados por dos revisores independientes. Los instrumentos STROBE y Newcastle-Ottawa fueron usados para evaluar la calidad de estudios de prevalencia e incidencia, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: En total, 21 publicaciones fueron incluidas (siete de ellas, de origen latinoamericano). La prevalencia, reportada en 16 estudios, estuvo entre 0,97 y 28,7%. La incidencia, reportada en cinco estudios, varió entre 3,8 y 40%. Los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de DP fueron: historia previa de la lesión, puntajes bajos en la escala de Braden, dependencia para actividades básicas de la vida diaria, y edad avanzada. En América latina, Brasil se destaca como el país con mayor número de publicaciones (n=5; 23,8%). CONCLUSIÓN: La mayoría de los DP pueden ser considerados eventos adversos evitables, por lo tanto, los valores de incidencia y prevalencia encontrados son elevados. La caracterización de la situación epidemiológica de los DP posibilita la creación de protocolos y políticas públicas para su prevención y detección precoz. CONFLICTO DE INTERÉS: Todos los autores son miembros del International Skin Tears Advisory Panel (ISTAP). CVBS es consultora técnica. CVSG es conferencista. KW es miembro del Canadian Pressure Injury Advisory Panel, consultor en centros de heridas en Canadá, y conferencista para varias empresas internacionales en la industria del cuidado de las heridas.


Subject(s)
Lacerations , Skin Abnormalities , Soft Tissue Injuries , Humans , Incidence
6.
J Wound Care ; 31(LatAm sup 6): 7-18, 2022 Jul 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36789899

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar y describir la epidemiología de los desgarros de piel (DP) en el contexto latinoamericano. MÉTODO: Revisión bibliográfica de estudios epidemiológicos publicados entre 1946 y mayo de 2021, en inglés, español y portugués, consultados en texto completo. Para la búsqueda, se utilizaron descriptores correspondientes a la estrategia PCC: Población (adultos), Concepto (epidemiología de los DP) y Contexto (hospitalario e institucional). Los estudios fueron recuperados de las bases de datos Scielo, Lilacs, Embase, Cinahl, Medline y BDEnf, y evaluados por dos revisores independientes. Los instrumentos STROBE y Newcastle-Ottawa fueron usados para evaluar la calidad de estudios de prevalencia e incidencia, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: En total, 21 publicaciones fueron incluidas (siete de ellas, de origen latinoamericano). La prevalencia, reportada en 16 estudios, estuvo entre 0,97 y 28,7%. La incidencia, reportada en cinco estudios, varió entre 3,8 y 40%. Los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de DP fueron: historia previa de la lesión, puntajes bajos en la escala de Braden, dependencia para actividades básicas de la vida diaria, y edad avanzada. En América latina, Brasil se destaca como el país con mayor número de publicaciones (n=5; 23,8%). CONCLUSIÓN: La mayoría de los DP pueden ser considerados eventos adversos evitables, por lo tanto, los valores de incidencia y prevalencia encontrados son elevados. La caracterización de la situación epidemiológica de los DP posibilita la creación de protocolos y políticas públicas para su prevención y detección precoz. CONFLICTO DE INTERÉS: Todos los autores son miembros del International Skin Tears Advisory Panel (ISTAP). CVBS es consultora técnica. CVSG es conferencista. KW es miembro del Canadian Pressure Injury Advisory Panel, consultor en centros de heridas en Canadá, y conferencista para varias empresas internacionales en la industria del cuidado de las heridas.


Subject(s)
Lacerations , Skin Abnormalities , Soft Tissue Injuries , Humans , Incidence
7.
J Wound Care ; 31(LatAm sup 6): 19-26, 2022 Jul 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36789900

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Investigar la prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria (IU) y sus factores asociados en estudiantes universitarias del interior del estado brasileño del Amazonas. MÉTODO: Estudio transversal, observacional, analítico y cuantitativo. La muestra de conveniencia fue compuesta por 72 estudiantes universitarias de entre 18 y 30 años. Un cuestionario sobre datos sociodemográficos y de salud fue aplicado. La prevalencia y caracterización de las pérdidas urinarias fueron obtenidas por el International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), en su versión adaptada y validada para Brasil. Los datos fueron analizados por estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. Se emplearon las pruebas Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Chi-cuadrado de Pearson y Exacto de Fisher, además de regresión logística (intervalo de confianza: 95% p<0,05). RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de IU fue de 36,11% (26/72 estudiantes), predominantemente (80,77%) de urgencia (IUU). La edad difirió (p=0,031) entre los grupos de mujeres continentes (promedio=22,72. Desviación estándar (DE)=2,93 años) e incontinentes (promedio=21,23. DE=2,72 años). La situación predominante de pérdida fue "antes de llegar al baño" (30,77%) y el impacto de la IU sobre las actividades diarias fue considerado bajo. En el modelo de regresión logística, la edad fue un factor asociado a la presencia de IU (odds ratio (0R)=0,68; p=0,006). CONCLUSIÓN: La IUU fue prevalente en la muestra estudiada, con la menor edad como factor asociado. La IU en mujeres jóvenes necesita ser mejor investigada para identificar otros factores que puedan estar relacionados con la condición encontrada en el interior del Amazonas. CONFLICTO DE INTERÉS: Ninguno.


Subject(s)
Fecal Incontinence , Urinary Incontinence , Humans , Prevalence , Universities , Fecal Incontinence/epidemiology , Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology , Students
8.
Int Wound J ; 17(4): 916-924, 2020 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32227468

ABSTRACT

Although pressure injury (PI) is preventable, the number of patients developing this type of injury is still high. In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to assess whether high risk for undernutrition was a risk factor for PI in 1937 patients aged ≥18 at six hospitals in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Patients' risk for undernutrition was assessed using three unique screening tools. Risk for PI was assessed using the Braden Scale. Data were analysed using Poisson regression with robust variance (95% CI, P ≤ .05). While 57.1% of patients were at risk for undernutrition in the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002), only 36.8% and 2.6% were at risk in the Braden Scale Nutrition Subscale (BSNS) and Subjective Global Assessment of Nutritional Status (SGANS), respectively. The cumulative incidence rate was 5.9%. Of those who developed PI, 91.2%, 56.2%, and 18.4% were at risk for undernutrition in the NRS 2002, BSNS, and SGANS scales, respectively. We found a significantly higher risk for PI in patients who were at risk for undernutrition compared with those who were not at risk, supporting previous evidence about the role of undernutrition as a key risk factor for PI in hospitalised patients.


Subject(s)
Forecasting/methods , Inpatients/statistics & numerical data , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Malnutrition/physiopathology , Pressure Ulcer/diagnosis , Pressure Ulcer/physiopathology , Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nutritional Status , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Young Adult
10.
J Nurs Manag ; 27(2): 301-310, 2019 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30238676

ABSTRACT

AIM: To estimate the incidence of pressure injury and its predictors including nursing workload in critical patients. BACKGROUND: There is controversy about the influence of the nursing workload on the occurrence of pressure injury in intensive care units. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 766 patients in nine intensive care units of two university hospitals was studied. The nursing workload was measured using the Nursing Activities Score. The predictors were identified by logistic regression. RESULTS: The pressure injury incidence was 18.7%. The odds ratio of the development of pressure injury, increased 3.5 times in mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001), 7.8 times in palliative care (p = 0.004), 2.3 times in the 60-84 years old group (p = 0.005); it also increased 10% for each day of hospitalization (p < 0.001), and 1.5% for each registered point of the Nursing Activities Score (p = 0.016). CONCLUSION: Existing risks for the development of pressure injury have been confirmed and nursing workload identified as a new predictor. Much still needs to be done in the area of prevention, especially in groups at risk. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Increasing nursing resources in the intensive care unit may assist in reducing the pressure injury rate.


Subject(s)
Critical Illness/nursing , Pressure Ulcer/etiology , Workload/standards , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Cohort Studies , Critical Illness/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Incidence , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies
11.
Crit Care Med ; 46(11): e1074-e1081, 2018 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30095501

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To systematically assess the incidence and prevalence of pressure injuries in adult ICU patients and the most frequently occurring pressure injury sites. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. STUDY SELECTION: Observational studies reporting incidence rates, cumulative incidence, and prevalence of pressure injuries. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Meta-analyses of pooled weighted estimates were calculated using random effect models with 95% CIs reported due to high heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses included studies that used skin inspection to identify a pressure injury, studies at low risk of bias, studies that excluded stage 1 and each stage of pressure injury. DATA SYNTHESIS: Twenty-two studies, 10 reporting cumulative incidence of pressure injury irrespective of stage, one reporting incidence rate (198/1,000 hospital-days), and 12 reporting prevalence were included. The 95% CI of cumulative incidence and prevalence were 10.0-25.9% and 16.9-23.8%. In studies that used skin inspection to identify pressure injuries, the 95% CI of cumulative incidence was 9.4-27.5%; all prevalence studies used skin inspection therefore the results were unchanged. In studies assessed as low risk of bias, the 95% CI of cumulative incidence and prevalence were 6.6-36.8% and 12.2-24.5%. Excluding stage 1, the 95% CI of cumulative incidence and prevalence were 0.0-23.8% and 12.4-15.5%. Five studies totalling 406 patients reported usable data on location; 95% CI of frequencies of PIs were as follows: sacrum 26.9-48.0%, buttocks 4.1-46.4%, heel 18.5-38.9%, hips 10.9-15.7%, ears 4.3-19.7%, and shoulders 0.0-40.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Although well-designed studies are needed to ensure the scope of the problem of pressure injuries is better understood, it is clear prevention strategies are also required.


Subject(s)
Critical Care , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Pressure Ulcer/therapy , Adult , Humans , Incidence , Prevalence , Wound Healing
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