Predictors of hospital readmission after fractures: One-year follow-up study.

OBJECTIVE: Identify the incidence and predictive factors for readmissions of elderly hospitalized with fractures. METHOD: Prospective cohort study on 376 elderly people from a trauma referral large hospital in central Brazil. Data were collected from medical records of elderly people with radiological diagnosis of fractures. Readmission that occurs up to one year after the first discharge was defined the outcome variable. Pre- and post-admission characteristics were analyzed as predictive factors. Multiple analysis was performed using robust Poisson regression. RESULTS: The main cause of hospitalization was fracture of the femur (53.2%) and the most frequent trauma mechanism was fall from standing height (72.9%). The incidence of readmission was 20.7%, of which 30.5% were related to the fracture itself, with emphasis on Surgical Site Infection. The predictors of readmissions were: age range 60 to 69 years, COPD, delirium and fracture of the femur. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of readmissions was high, with various causes and associated conditions pre-admission (age range 60-69, presenting COPD) and post-admission (delirium). The monitoring of these factors in the hospital environment is essential for prevention of readmissions.

Incidence of delirium following hospitalization of elderly people with fractures: risk factors and mortality.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the incidence, risk factors for delirium, and its association with death in the elderly hospitalized with fractures. METHOD: Prospective cohort, with a one-year follow-up of elderly people with clinical or radiological diagnosis of fracture, from an emergency and trauma hospital in the state of Goiás. The outcome delirium was defined by the medical description in the medical record. The predictor variables were demographic, health conditions, and hospitalization complications. A hierarchical multiple analysis was performed using robust Poisson regression, with Relative Risk as a measure of effect. RESULTS: A total of 376 elderly patients were included. The incidence of delirium was 12.8% (n = 48). Risk factors were male gender, age ≥80 years, dementia, heart disease, osteoporosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, high-energy traumas, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and surgery. The risk of death in the sample was 1.97 times higher (HR: 1.97 95% CI 1.19-3.25) in elderly people with delirium. CONCLUSION: Delirium had an intermediate incidence (12.8%); the risk of death in this group was about 2 times higher in one year after hospital admission. Demographic factors, past history of diseases, surgery, and complications have increased the risk and require monitoring during hospitalization of elderly people with fractures.

Incidence of delirium following hospitalization of elderly people with fractures: risk factors and mortality / Incidencia de delirium tras hospitalización de ancianos con fracturas: factores de riesgo y mortalidad / Incidência de delirium após internação de idosos com fraturas: fatores de risco e mortalidade

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the incidence, risk factors for delirium, and its association with death in the elderly hospitalized with fractures. Method: Prospective cohort, with a one-year follow-up of elderly people with clinical or radiological diagnosis of fracture, from an emergency and trauma hospital in the state of Goiás. The outcome delirium was defined by the medical description in the medical record. The predictor variables were demographic, health conditions, and hospitalization complications. A hierarchical multiple analysis was performed using robust Poisson regression, with Relative Risk as a measure of effect. Results: A total of 376 elderly patients were included. The incidence of delirium was 12.8% (n = 48). Risk factors were male gender, age ≥80 years, dementia, heart disease, osteoporosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, high-energy traumas, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and surgery. The risk of death in the sample was 1.97 times higher (HR: 1.97 95% CI 1.19-3.25) in elderly people with delirium. Conclusion: Delirium had an intermediate incidence (12.8%); the risk of death in this group was about 2 times higher in one year after hospital admission. Demographic factors, past history of diseases, surgery, and complications have increased the risk and require monitoring during hospitalization of elderly people with fractures.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar la incidencia, los factores de riesgo para el delirium y su asociación con el óbito en ancianos hospitalizados con fracturas. Método: Cohorte prospectiva, con acompañamiento de un año con ancianos con diagnóstico clínico o radiológico de fractura, de un hospital de urgencias y trauma en Goiás, Brasil. El resultado delirium fue definido por la descripción médica en el registro médico. Las variables predictoras fueron demográficas, condiciones de salud y complicaciones de la hospitalización. Se realizó el análisis de regresión múltiple jerárquica utilizando la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta, con Riesgo Relativo como medida de efecto. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 376 ancianos. La incidencia de delirium fue 12,8% (n = 48). Los factores de riesgo fueron: sexo masculino, edad ≥ 80 años, demencia, cardiopatía, osteoporosis, EPOC, traumas de alta energía, neumonía, infección urinaria y cirugía. El riesgo de óbito en la muestra fue 1,97 veces mayor (HR: 1,97 IC 95% 1,19-3,25) en ancianos con delirium. Conclusión: El delirium tuvo una incidencia intermediaria (12,8%); el riesgo de óbito en ese grupo fue aproximadamente 2 veces mayor en un año después de la admisión hospitalaria. Factores demográficos, historia anterior de enfermedades, realización de cirugía y la ocurrencia de complicaciones aumentaron el riesgo y necesitan ser monitoreados durante la hospitalización de ancianos con fracturas.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a incidência, os fatores de risco para o delirium e sua associação com óbito em idosos hospitalizados com fraturas. Método: Coorte prospectiva, com seguimento de um ano de idosos com diagnóstico clínico ou radiológico de fratura, de um hospital de urgência e trauma de Goiás. O desfecho delirium foi definido pela descrição médica no prontuário. As variáveis preditoras foram demográficas, condições de saúde e complicações da internação. Realizou-se análise múltipla hierarquizada utilizando-se regressão de Poisson robusta, com Risco Relativo como medida de efeito. Resultados: Foram incluídos 376 idosos. A incidência de delirium foi 12,8% (n = 48). Os fatores de risco foram: sexo masculino, idade ≥80 anos, demência, cardiopatia, osteoporose, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, acidentes de alta energia, pneumonia, infecção do trato urinário e cirurgia. O risco de óbito na amostra foi 1,97 vezes maior (HR: 1,97 IC 95% 1,19-3,25) em idosos com delírio. Conclusão: O delirium teve uma incidência intermediária (12,8%); o risco de óbito nesse grupo foi cerca de 2 vezes maior em um ano após a admissão hospitalar. Fatores demográficos, história pregressa de doenças, realização de cirurgia e ocorrência de complicações aumentaram o risco e precisam ser monitorados durante a internação de idosos com fraturas.

Survival Analysis of Hospitalized Elderly People with Fractures in Brazil Over One Year.

OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes the causes of death, survival, and other related factors in hospitalized elderly people with fractures over the course of one year. METHODS: We followed 376 fracture patients for one year in a prospective cohort study to a reference hospital in central Brazil. The Cox regression model was used to analyze factors associated with survival. RESULTS: The results indicate that the one-year mortality rate was high (22.9%). The independent factors linked to lower overall survival were as follows: patients aged >80 years with previous intensive care unit (ICU) admission and presence of comorbidities (diabetes mellitus [DM] and dementia). CONCLUSION: Our study results may contribute to a better understanding of the impact of fractures on the elderly population and reinforce the need to oversee age-groups, diabetic patients, and patients with complications during hospitalization.

O uso de preservativos: a realidade de adolescentes e adultos jovens de um assentamento urbano / Condom use: the reality of adolescents and young adults from an urban settlement

Estudo com objetivo de estimar a prevalência e fatores associados ao uso de preservativo masculino em adolescentes e jovens de áreas de assentamento urbano de uma capital do centro-oeste brasileiro. Investigação de corte transversal, realizada em 105 adolescentes e jovens escolares de 12 a 24 anos, utilizando-se questionário estruturado. Do total de entrevistados, 61 (58,1%) haviam iniciado a vida sexual e destes, apenas 38,3% relataram uso regular do preservativo. Escolaridade acima de seis anos (p=0,02), acesso a informação sobre sexualidade com os pais (p=0,05) e na escola (p=0,04) foram fatores associados ao uso do preservativo. Os resultados deste estudo ratificam a importância de investimento em políticas de saúde que invistam no trabalho conjunto entre profissionais de saúde, família e instituições de ensino, visando minimizar a vulnerabilidade às Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with the use of male condoms in adolescents and young adults from urban settlement areas in a city of central-western Brazil. This is a cross-sectional investigation with 105 adolescents and young students aged 12 to 24 years, which used a structured questionnaire. Of the total number of interviewees, 61 (58.1%) had started their sexual life; of these, only 38.3% reported regular condom use. Education over six years (p=0.02), access to sexuality information with parents (p=0.05) and at school (p=0.04) were factors associated with condom use. The results confirm the importance of investing in health policies that invest in working together among healthcare professionals, families and educational institutions, in order to minimize the vulnerability to Sexually Transmitted Infections.