Epidemiology of tobacco use and nicotine dependence in truck drivers.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiology of tobacco use and nicotine dependence in a sample of truck drivers in Brazil. METHODS: Between 2015 and 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 624 truck drivers who operate on the BR-050 highway in Brazil. Participants were interviewed about sociodemographic data, occupational characteristics, mental health, behavioral data, and tobacco use. Then, the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) was used to verify nicotine dependence in smoking truck drivers. Logistic regression and linear regression were also used to verify factors associated with tobacco use in the previous 30 days and nicotine dependence scores, respectively. RESULTS: The prevalence of tobacco use among truck drivers was 21.1% (n = 132;95%CI: 18.1-24.5). Of the total number of smokers who responded to the FTND (n = 118; 89.4%), most had high/very high nicotinic dependence (68.6%; 95%CI: 59.8-76.3). Tobacco use was associated with absence of religion (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.60; 95%CI: 1.35-5.01), employment relationship of the contract (AOR = 1.98; 95%CI: 1.26-3.13); > 12 hours daily working time (AOR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.09-2.98) and alcohol use in the previous 30 days (AOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.86-4.57). Irregular physical activity was associated with higher scores of nicotine dependence (ß = 1.87; 95%CI: 0.55-3.19). CONCLUSION: The results showed a high prevalence of tobacco use and high/very high nicotine dependence among the truck drivers.

Epidemiology of tobacco use and nicotine dependence in truck drivers

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiology of tobacco use and nicotine dependence in a sample of truck drivers in Brazil. METHODS Between 2015 and 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 624 truck drivers who operate on the BR-050 highway in Brazil. Participants were interviewed about sociodemographic data, occupational characteristics, mental health, behavioral data, and tobacco use. Then, the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) was used to verify nicotine dependence in smoking truck drivers. Logistic regression and linear regression were also used to verify factors associated with tobacco use in the previous 30 days and nicotine dependence scores, respectively. RESULTS The prevalence of tobacco use among truck drivers was 21.1% (n = 132;95%CI: 18.1-24.5). Of the total number of smokers who responded to the FTND (n = 118; 89.4%), most had high/very high nicotinic dependence (68.6%; 95%CI: 59.8-76.3). Tobacco use was associated with absence of religion (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.60; 95%CI: 1.35-5.01), employment relationship of the contract (AOR = 1.98; 95%CI: 1.26-3.13); > 12 hours daily working time (AOR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.09-2.98) and alcohol use in the previous 30 days (AOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.86-4.57). Irregular physical activity was associated with higher scores of nicotine dependence (β = 1.87; 95%CI: 0.55-3.19). CONCLUSION The results showed a high prevalence of tobacco use and high/very high nicotine dependence among the truck drivers.

Zika virus infection and microcephaly: spatial analysis and socio-environmental determinants in a region of high Aedes aegypti infestation in the Central-West Region of Brazil.

BACKGROUND: More than 5 years after the Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic, Zika infection remains a major concern in regions with high Aedes infestation. The objectives of this study were (i) to identify clusters of ZIKV infection and microcephaly, and/or central nervous system (CNS) alterations associated with congenital infection during the epidemic peak in 2016 and subsequently, in 2017 and 2018; (ii) to measure the non-spatial correlation between ZIKV infection and microcephaly and/or CNS alterations associated with congenital infection; and (iii) to analyse the sociodemographic/economic, health, and environmental determinants associated with the incidence of ZIKV in a region of high infestation by Aedes aegypti in the Central-West Region of Brazil. METHODS: This ecological study analysed 246 municipalities in the state of Goiás (6.9 million inhabitants). The data were obtained from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (ZIKV cases) and the Public Health Event Registry (microcephaly and/or CNS alterations associated with congenital infection). Incidence rates and prevalence of ZIKA infection were smoothed by an empirical Bayesian estimator (LEbayes), producing the local empirical Bayesian rate (LEBR). In the spatial analysis, ZIKV infection and microcephaly cases were georeferenced by the municipality of residence for 2016 and grouped for 2017 and 2018. Global Moran's I and the Hot Spot Analysis tool (Getis-Ord Gi* statistics) were used to analyse the spatial autocorrelation and clusters of ZIKV infection and microcephaly, respectively. A generalised linear model from the Poisson family was used to assess the association between ecological determinants and the smoothing incidence rate of ZIKV infection. RESULTS: A total of 9892 cases of acute ZIKV infection and 121 cases of microcephaly were confirmed. The mean LEBR of the ZIKV infection in the 246 municipalities was 22.3 cases/100,000 inhabitants in 2016, and 10.3 cases/100,000 inhabitants in 2017 and 2018. The LEBR of the prevalence rate of microcephaly and/or CNS alterations associated with congenital infection was 7 cases/10,000 live births in 2016 and 2 cases/10,000 live births during 2017-2018. Hotspots of ZIKV infection and microcephaly cases were identified in the capital and neighbouring municipalities in 2016, with new clusters in the following years. In a multiple regression Poisson analysis, ZIKV infection was associated with higher population density, the incidence of dengue, Aedes larvae infestation index, and average rainfall. The important determinant of ZIKV infection incidence reduction was the increase in households attended by endemic disease control agents. CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses were able to capture, in a more granular way, aspects that make it possible to inform public managers of the sentinel areas identified in the post-epidemic hotspots.

Temporal trend and spatial distribution of syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis in Goiás, Brazil, 2007-2017: an ecological study. / Tendência temporal e distribuição espacial da sífilis gestacional e congênita em Goiás, 2007-2017: um estudo ecológico.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze temporal trend and spatial distribution of syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis in Goiás State, Brazil, between 2007 and 2017. METHODS: This was an ecological time series and spatial distribution study with data obtained from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System. Prais-Winsten Regression was used to analyze indicator trends by health macro-region. Descriptive spatial analysis was performed to verify case distribution in three different years in the period. RESULTS: Between 2007 and 2017, 7,679 cases of syphilis in pregnancy and 1,554 congenital syphilis cases were reported. A rising trend was found in the rates of syphilis in pregnancy (annual percent change [APC] = 18.0 - 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 15.3;20.8) as well as in congenital syphilis rates (APC=16.8 - 95%CI 20.1;33.8); and a 326% increase in the number of municipalities with a congenital syphilis incidence rate >0.5/1,000 live births. CONCLUSION: Growth in syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis detection rates was identified, as was growth in the number of municipalities reporting cases.

Tendência temporal e distribuição espacial da sífilis gestacional e congênita em Goiás, 2007-2017: um estudo ecológico / Tendencia temporal y distribución espacial de la sífilis gestacional y congénita en Goiás, Brasil, 2007-2017: un estudio ecológico / Temporal trend and spatial distribution of syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis in Goiás, Brazil, 2007-2017: an ecological study

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal e a distribuição espacial de sífilis gestacional (SG) e sífilis congênita (SC) em Goiás, Brasil, no período 2007-2017. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Utilizou-se a regressão de Prais-Winsten para analisar a tendência dos indicadores, por macrorregião de saúde. Realizou-se análise espacial descritiva para verificar a distribuição espacial dos casos, em três anos da série. Resultados: Foram registrados 7.679 casos de SG e 1.554 de SC no período. Observou-se tendência crescente das taxas de detecção de SG (variação percentual anual [VPA] de 18,0 ­ intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] de 15,3 a 20,8) e de SC (VPA=16,8 ­ IC95% 20,1;33,8); e um acréscimo de 326% no número de municípios com taxa de incidência de SC >0,5/1 mil nascidos vivos. Conclusão: Foi identificado crescimento das taxas de detecção da sífilis gestacional e congênita e do número de municípios notificantes.

Objetivo: Analizar la tendencia temporal y distribución espacial de la sífilis gestacional (SG) y la sífilis congénita (SC) en Goiás, Brasil, entre 2007 y 2017. Métodos: Estudio de series temporales y enfoque espacial con datos del Sistema de Información para Enfermedades de Notificación. Se utilizó la regresión de Prais-Winsten para analizar la tendencia de los indicadores por macroregión de salud. Fue realizado un análisis espacial para verificar la distribución espacial de los casos en tres años de la serie. Resultados:Se registraron 7.679 casos de sífilis gestacional y 1.554 casos de congénita. Hubo una tendencia creciente en las tasas de detección de SG con (Variación Porcentual Anual [VPA] de 18,0 ­ intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%] de 15,3 a 20,8) y de SC (VPA=16,8 ­ IC95% 20,1; 33,8); y un aumento del 326% en el número de municipios con una tasa de incidencia de sífilis congénita >0,5/1000 nacidos vivos. Conclusión: Se identificó um aumento creciente de sífilis gestacional y sífilis congénita y del número de municipios notificantes en Goiás.

Objective: To analyze temporal trend and spatial distribution of syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis in Goiás State, Brazil, between 2007 and 2017. Methods: This was an ecological time series and spatial distribution study with data obtained from the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System. Prais-Winsten Regression was used to analyze indicator trends by health macro-region. Descriptive spatial analysis was performed to verify case distribution in three different years in the period. Results: Between 2007 and 2017, 7,679 cases of syphilis in pregnancy and 1,554 congenital syphilis cases were reported. A rising trend was found in the rates of syphilis in pregnancy (annual percent change [APC] = 18.0 ­ 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 15.3;20.8) as well as in congenital syphilis rates (APC=16.8 ­ 95%CI 20.1;33.8); and a 326% increase in the number of municipalities with a congenital syphilis incidence rate >0.5/1,000 live births. Conclusion: Growth in syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis detection rates was identified, as was growth in the number of municipalities reporting cases.

Magnitude and temporal trend of leprosy indicators in Goiás, Brazil: an ecological study 2001-2017. / Magnitude e tendência temporal dos indicadores da hanseníase em Goiás: um estudo ecológico do período 2001-2017.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the trend of leprosy indicators in Goiás between 2001 and 2017. METHODS: An ecological time series study was conducted. Leprosy morbidity and operational indicators were calculated using Notifiable Health Conditions Information System data. Prais-Winsten regression was used for trend analysis. RESULTS: There was a falling trend in the detection rate in the general population (Annual Percent Change [APC] = -6.8 - 95%CI -8.2;-5.4) and in children under 15 years old (APC = -7.2 - 95%CI -8.5;-5.9); a rising trend in the proportion of grade 2 disability (APC = 3.7 - 95%CI 2.0;5.3) and in the proportion of examined physical disability (APC = 0.6 - 95%CI 0.3;0.8); healing and examined contacts proportions were stable. CONCLUSION: Detection rates decreased while the proportions of grade 2 physical disability and examined physical disability increased.

Magnitude e tendência temporal dos indicadores da hanseníase em Goiás: um estudo ecológico do período 2001-2017 / Magnitud y tendencia temporal de los indicadores de lepra en Goiás, Brasil: un estudio ecológico en 2001-2017 / Magnitude and temporal trend of leprosy indicators in Goiás, Brazil: an ecological study 2001-2017

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência dos indicadores da hanseníase em Goiás no período de 2001 a 2017. Métodos: Foi realizado estudo ecológico de séries temporais. Indicadores de morbidade e operacionais da hanseníase foram calculados a partir de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan). Utilizou-se regressão de Prais-Winsten para análise de tendência. Resultados: Verificou-se tendência decrescente na taxa de detecção na população geral (variação percentual anual [VPA] = -6,8 - IC95% -8,2;-5,4) e em menores de 15 anos de idade (VPA = -7,2 - IC95% -8,5;-5,9); e tendência crescente na proporção de grau 2 de incapacidade física (VPA = 3,7 - IC95% 2,0;5,3) e na proporção de incapacidade física examinada (VPA = 0,6 - IC95% 0,3;0,8); as proporções de cura e de contatos examinados mostraram-se estáveis. Conclusão: As taxas de detecção diminuíram, enquanto as proporções de grau 2 de incapacidade física e de incapacidade física examinada cresceram.

Objetivo: Analizar la tendencia de los indicadores de lepra en Goiás entre 2001 y 2017. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio ecológico de series temporales. La morbilidad y los indicadores operativos se calcularon a partir de los datos del Sistema de información de Agravamientos de Notificación (Sinan). Se utilizó la regresión de Prais-Winsten para el análisis de tendencias. Resultados: Se confirmó una tendencia de disminución de la tasa de detección en la población general (Variación Porcentual Anual [VPA] = -6,8 - IC95% -8,2;-5,4) y en niños menores de 15 años (VPA = -7,2 - IC95% -8,5;-5,9); proporción creciente de incapacidad grado 2 (VPA = 3,7 - IC95% 2,0;5,3) y proporción creciente de incapacidad física examinada (VPA = 0,6 - IC95% 0,3;0,8); las proporciones de cura y contactos examinados fueron estables. Conclusión: Las tasas de detección disminuyeron mientras que aumentaron las proporciones de incapacidad física de grado 2 e incapacidad física examinada.

Objective: To analyze the trend of leprosy indicators in Goiás between 2001 and 2017. Methods: An ecological time series study was conducted. Leprosy morbidity and operational indicators were calculated using Notifiable Health Conditions Information System data. Prais-Winsten regression was used for trend analysis. Results: There was a falling trend in the detection rate in the general population (Annual Percent Change [APC] = -6.8 - 95%CI -8.2;-5.4) and in children under 15 years old (APC = -7.2 - 95%CI -8.5;-5.9); a rising trend in the proportion of grade 2 disability (APC = 3.7 - 95%CI 2.0;5.3) and in the proportion of examined physical disability (APC = 0.6 - 95%CI 0.3;0.8); healing and examined contacts proportions were stable. Conclusion: Detection rates decreased while the proportions of grade 2 physical disability and examined physical disability increased.

Syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis and their relationship with Family Health Strategy coverage, Goiás, Brazil, 2007-2014: an ecological study. / Sífilis gestacional e congênita e sua relação com a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família, Goiás, 2007-2014: um estudo ecológico.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the incidence of syphilis in pregnant women (SPW) and congenital syphilis (CS) and the correlation of these indicators with Family Health Strategy (FHS) coverage in Goiás, Brazil, from 2007 to 2014. METHODS: this was an ecological study using Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) data and data from the Health Ministry's Department of Primary Care; Spearman's correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between FHS coverage and syphilis incidence. RESULTS: SPW incidence increased from 2.8 to 9.5/1,000 live births, while CS incidence increased from 0.3 to 2.5/1,000 live births (p<0.05) in the period 2007-2014; there was a significant increase in CS cases in municipalities with percentage FHS coverage below 75% (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: the concomitant increase in SPW and CS incidence suggests failures in the prevention of vertical transmission of syphilis, especially in regions with lower FHS coverage.

Higiene das mãos e prevenção da influenza: conhecimento de discentes da área da saúde / Higiene de las manos y prevención de la influenza: conocimiento de los discentes del área de la salud / Hand hygiene and influenza prevention: knowledge of health students

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever e analisar o conhecimento de discentes da área da saúde sobre higiene das mãos e a prevenção e transmissão do vírus influenza. Método: estudo transversal conduzido em discentes de dois campus de formação na área da saúde do Instituto Federal de Goiás, realizado nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2017. Foram atribuídos escores para avaliação do nível de conhecimento em relação a higiene das mãos (componente 1), prevenção e transmissão do vírus influenza (componente 2) e ambos os componentes (componente global). Resultados: participaram da pesquisa 262 discentes. Foi encontrado maior percentual de erro nos questionamentos envolvendo transmissão do vírus influenza, compartilhamento de objetos de uso pessoal e manutenção de ambientes ventilados. O estudo evidenciou ainda falhas no conhecimento referente à higiene das mãos, momentos preconizados para sua realização, e alguns aspectos da técnica. Os escores médios de conhecimento foram de 83,9% (IC 95%: 82,6 a 85,2), 86,2% (IC 95%: 84,4-87,9) e 82,8% (IC 95%: 81,3-84,2) para os componentes 1, componente 2 e componente global, respectivamente. Conclusão: o estudo identificou lacunas no conhecimento dos discentes sobre a higiene das mãos, prevenção e transmissão do vírus influenza, apontando para a importância da abordagem dos conteúdos na prática de ensino e formação de futuros profissionais de saúde.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir y analizar el conocimiento de los discentes del área de la salud sobre la higiene de las manos y la prevención y transmisión del virus influenza. Método: estudio transversal conducido en los discentes de dos campus de formación en el área de la salud del Instituto Federal de Goiás (Brasil), realizado durante los meses de enero y febrero del 2017. Fueron atribuidos los resultados para la evaluación del nivel de conocimiento en relación a la higiene de las manos (componente 1), prevención y transmisión del virus influenza (componente 2) y ambos componentes (componente global). Resultados: participaron del estudio 262 discentes. Se encontró un porcentaje mayor de errores en las preguntas relacionadas con la transmisión del virus influenza, compartimiento de objetos de uso personal y mantenimiento de ambientes ventilados. El estudio evidenció, además, la falta de conocimiento referente a la higiene de las manos, los momentos preconizados para su realización y algunos aspectos de la técnica. Los resultados medios del conocimiento fueron de 83,9% (IC 95%: 82,6 a 85,2), 86,2% (IC 95%: 84,4-87,9) y 82,8% (IC 95%: 81,3-84,2) para el componente 1, el componente 2 y el componente global, respectivamente. Conclusión: el estudio identificó algunos vacíos en el conocimiento de los discentes sobre la higiene de las manos, prevención y transmisión del virus influenza, mostrando la importancia del abordaje de los contenidos en la práctica de la enseñanza y formación de futuros profesionales de la salud.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe and analyze the knowledge of health students regarding hand hygiene and the prevention and transmission of the influenza virus. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with students from two campuses of health training of the Institute Federal de (brazil) Goiás, conducted in January and February 2017. Scores were evaluated for the level of knowledge regarding hand hygiene (component 1) and the prevention and transmission of the influenza virus (component 2) and both components (global component). Results: 262 students participated in the study. A higher percentage of errors was found in the questions involving transmission of the influenza virus, sharing of personal use objects and keeping environments ventilated. The study also revealed shortcomings in the knowledge regarding hand hygiene, moments recommended for its performance and some aspects of the technique. The mean knowledge scores were 83.9% (95% CI: 82.6-85.2), 86.2% (95% CI: 84.4-87.9) and 82.8% (CI 95 %: 81.3-84.2) for component 1, component 2 and the global component, respectively. Conclusion: the study identified gaps in the knowledge of the students regarding hand hygiene and the prevention and transmission of the influenza virus, indicating the importance of the inclusion of this content in the teaching and training practice of future health professionals.

Sífilis gestacional e congênita e sua relação com a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família, Goiás, 2007-2014: um estudo ecológico / Sífilis gestacional y congénita y su relación con la cobertura de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, Goiás, Brasil, 2007-2014: un estudio ecológico / Syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis and their relationship with Family Health Strategy coverage, Goiás, Brazil, 2007-2014: an ecological study

Objetivo: analisar a incidência de sífilis em gestante (SG) e sífilis congênita (SC) e a correlação desses indicadores com a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) em Goiás, Brasil, de 2007 a 2014. Métodos: estudo ecológico utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) e do Departamento de Atenção Básica (DAB)/Ministério da Saúde; utilizou-se a correlação de Spearman para avaliar a relação entre cobertura da ESF e a incidência de sífilis. Resultados: a incidência de SG passou de 2,8 para 9,5/mil nascidos vivos, e a de SC, de 0,3 para 2,5/mil nascidos vivos (p<0,05), no período 2007-2014; houve aumento significativo de casos de SC nos municípios que apresentaram percentuais de cobertura da ESF inferiores a 75% (p<0,001). Conclusão: o aumento concomitante da incidência de SG e de SC sugere falhas na prevenção da transmissão vertical da sífilis, sobretudo nas regiões com menor cobertura da ESF.

Objetivo: analizar la incidencia de sífilis en gestante (SG) y sífilis congénita (SC) y la correlación de esos indicadores con la cobertura de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF) en Goiás, Brasil, de 2007 a 2014. Métodos: estudio ecológico utilizando datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación (Sinan) y del Departamento de Atención Básica (DAB)/Ministerio de la Salud; se utilizó la correlación de Spearman para evaluar la relación entre la cobertura de la ESF y la incidencia de sífilis. Resultados: la incidencia de SG pasó de 2,8 a 9,5/1.000 nacidos vivos, y la de SC, de 0,3 a 2,5/1.000 nacidos vivos (p<0,05) en el período 2007-2014; hubo un aumento significativo de casos de SC en los municipios que presentaron un porcentaje de cobertura de la ESF inferior al 75% (p<0,001). Conclusión: el aumento concomitante de la incidencia de SG y de SC sugiere fallas en la prevención de la transmisión vertical de la sífilis, sobre todo en las regiones con menor porcentaje de cobertura de la ESF.

Objective: to analyze the incidence of syphilis in pregnant women (SPW) and congenital syphilis (CS) and the correlation of these indicators with Family Health Strategy (FHS) coverage in Goiás, Brazil, from 2007 to 2014. Methods: this was an ecological study using Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) data and data from the Health Ministry's Department of Primary Care; Spearman's correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between FHS coverage and syphilis incidence. Results: SPW incidence increased from 2.8 to 9.5/1,000 live births, while CS incidence increased from 0.3 to 2.5/1,000 live births (p<0.05) in the period 2007-2014; there was a significant increase in CS cases in municipalities with percentage FHS coverage below 75% (p<0.001). Conclusion: the concomitant increase in SPW and CS incidence suggests failures in the prevention of vertical transmission of syphilis, especially in regions with lower FHS coverage.

Intervenções de enfermagem para o diagnóstico padrão respiratório ineficaz em idosos / Nursing intervention for inefficient breathing pattern diagnosis in the elderly / Intervenciones de enfermería para el diagnóstico patrón respiratorio ineficaz en ancianos

Objetivou-se identificar os cuidados relatados pela equipe de enfermagem frente ao diagnóstico padrão respiratório ineficaz relacionado à fadiga em idosos e mapear as intervenções. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo realizado na clínica médica de um hospital universitário, no ano de 2008, no município de Goiânia, Goiás. A amostra foi constituída por 43 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. Aplicou-se um questionário fundamentado na classificação da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association– International e da Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC). Os dados revelaram 125 atividades de enfermagem que convergiram para 16 intervenções propostas pela NIC. As intervenções reportadas em maior proporção foram: posicionamento (24,0%), oxigenoterapia (15,2%), controle de energia (9,6%), sendo as duas primeiras intervenções adicionais optativas e a última, uma intervenção sugerida. Observou-se que os profissionais de enfermagem conhecem atividades para o manejo do diagnóstico em foco, contudo tendem a priorizar cuidados menos resolutivos.

This study aimed at [1] identifying the care reported by nursing staff upon a diagnosis for fatigue-related ineffective breathing pattern in elderly and [2] mapping out interventions. This is a descriptive study conducted at the clinic of the University Hospital, in 2008, in Goiania, GO, Brazil. The sample consisted of 43 nursing staff professionals. A NANDA-I (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association – International) and NIC (Nursing Intervention Classification) classification-based questionnaire was applied. Data showed 125 nursing activities converging to 16 interventions proposed by the NIC. Interventions rates reported were as follows: positioning (24.0%), oxygen (15.2%), energy control (9.6%), the first two being optional additional interventions and the other a suggested intervention. Nurses were found to have command of activities for management of diagnostic focus; however, they tend to prioritize less specific care.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar el cuidado informado por el personal de enfermería delante deldiagnóstico patrón respiratorio ineficaz relacionado con la fatiga en ancianos y mapear las intervenciones. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo realizado en la clínica médica de un hospital universitario, en 2008, en Goiânia, Goiás-Brasil. La muestra estuvo conformada por 43 profesionales del equipo de enfermería. Se aplicó un cuestionario basado en la clasificación de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association– International y de la Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC). Los datos revelaron 125 actividades de enfermería que convergieron para 16 intervenciones propuestas por la NIC. Las intervenciones informadas en mayor proporción fueron: posicionamiento (24,0%), oxígenoterapia (15,2%), control de energía (9,6%), siendo las dos primeras intervenciones adicionales opcionales y la última una intervención sugerida. Se observó que los profesionales de enfermería conocen actividades para la gestión del diagnóstico en foco, sin embargo, tienden a priorizar la atención menos resolutiva.

[The analysis of activities not performed by the nursing team regarding the diagnosis of ineffective breathing pattern in the elderly]. / Análise de atividades não realizadas pela equipe de enfermagem para o diagnóstico padrão respiratório ineficaz em idosos.

The objective of this cross-sectional, descriptive study was to identify the activities of the Nursing Intervention Classification considered as priorities for an Ineffective Breathing Pattern and not performed for elderly inpatients of a teaching hospital in the state of Goiás. The study participants were 43 nursing professionals, and data collection was performed in the period spanning October to December 2008, after receiving approval from the Ethics Committee. It was observed that among the 67 activities considered to be priorities for the referred diagnosis, only seven were performed by all of the participants; the other activities, with a varied frequency, were not performed, with the main reason cited being that a professional from a different area completed the activity. It is understood that the fact that the nursing staff does not perform these activities can cause lack of complete coverage in nursing care; therefore there is a need for a legal apparatus to describe the activities that comprise professional practice exclusive to nursing personnel and those activities that have an interdisciplinary nature.

Análise de atividades não realizadas pela equipe de enfermagem para o diagnóstico padrão respiratório ineficaz em idosos / The analysis of activities not performed by the nursing team regarding the diagnosis of ineffective breathing pattern in the elderly / Análisis de actividades no realizadas por el equipo de enfermería para el diagnóstico patrón respiratorio ineficaz en ancianos

Estudo transversal, descritivo, que objetivou identificar as atividades da Classificação de Intervenções de Enfermagem consideradas prioritárias para Padrão Respiratório Ineficaz e não realizadas para pacientes idosos, internados em um hospital escola do estado de Goiás. Participaram do estudo 43 profissionais de enfermagem e a coleta de dados foi realizada no período de outubro a dezembro de 2008, após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética. Observou-se que, dentre as 67 atividades consideradas prioritárias para o referido diagnóstico, sete eram realizadas por todos os participantes; as demais, com frequência percentual variada, não eram realizadas, sendo o motivo principal para isto sua execução por profissional de outra área. Entende-se que a não realização destas atividades pela enfermagem pode resultar em alterações no campo de abrangência da assistência de enfermagem; que há necessidade de aparato legal na descrição das atividades que compõem a prática profissional exclusiva da enfermagem e a de natureza interdisciplinar.

The objective of this cross-sectional, descriptive study was to identify the activities of the Nursing Intervention Classification considered as priorities for an Ineffective Breathing Pattern and not performed for elderly inpatients of a teaching hospital in the state of Goiás. The study participants were 43 nursing professionals, and data collection was performed in the period spanning October to December 2008, after receiving approval from the Ethics Committee. It was observed that among the 67 activities considered to be priorities for the referred diagnosis, only seven were performed by all of the participants; the other activities, with a varied frequency, were not performed, with the main reason cited being that a professional from a different area completed the activity. It is understood that the fact that the nursing staff does not perform these activities can cause lack of complete coverage in nursing care; therefore there is a need for a legal apparatus to describe the activities that comprise professional practice exclusive to nursing personnel and those activities that have an interdisciplinary nature.

Estudio transversal, descriptivo, que objetivó identificar las actividades de Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería consideradas prioritarias para Patrón Respiratorio Ineficaz no realizadas para pacientes ancianos internados en hospital escuela de Goiás. Participaron 43 profesionales de enfermería, recolección de datos realizada entre octubre y diciembre de 2008, previa aprobación por Comité de Ética. Se observó que de las 67 actividades consideradas prioritarias para el referido diagnóstico, siete eran efectuadas por todos los participantes; las demás, con frecuencia porcentual variada, no eren ejecutadas, siendo que el motivo principal para ello era la ejecución por parte de profesionales de otras áreas. Se entiende que la no realización de tales actividades por la enfermería puede resultar en una alteración del campo abarcado por la atención de enfermería; que existe necesidad de aparato legal en la descripción de las actividades que componen la práctica profesional exclusiva de la enfermería y la de naturaleza interdisciplinaria.

Descrição das práticas dos enfermeiros da atenção básica direcionadas para idosos diabéticos / Description of the nurses' primary care practice related to diabetics elderly / Descripción de las prácticas de los enfermeros de la atención básica dirigida a diabéticos ancianos

Estudo transversal de caráter descritivo, realizado em Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família de Fortaleza-CE.Participaram do estudo 42 enfermeiros, escolhidos por conveniência, convidados a participar do estudo nos dias docomparecimento dos pesquisadores às unidades de saúde, as quais foram selecionadas por amostra aleatória simples.Objetivou-se descrever as ações que o enfermeiro realiza junto aos idosos diabéticos e compará-las a partir das normaseditadas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Utilizou-se para coleta de dados um questionário e observação não participante.Observou-se que as ações preconizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde são postas em prática pelos participantes do estudo,porém de forma limitada. Acredita-se que através da parceria entre cursos de graduação e pós-graduação na áreagerontológica, gestores, enfermeiros e demais envolvidos na promoção da saúde dos idosos diabéticos, seja possívelampliar e qualificar as ações de cuidado a essa clientela, de modo que se alcance a integralidade da assistência.

Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Family Health Basic Units in Fortaleza/CE. Studyparticipants were 42 nurses chosen by convenience, invited to participate in the study in the days that the researcherswould be at the health units, which were selected by simple random sample. We aimed to describe the actions the nurseperforms with the diabetic elderly patients and compare them from the rules issued by the Ministry of Health. A questionnaireand non-participant observation were used for data collection. It was observed that the actions recommended by theMinistry of Health are implemented by the study participants, but in a limited way. It is believed that through the partnershipbetween undergraduate and postgraduate training in gerontology, managers, nurses and others involved in promoting thehealth of diabetics elderly, it is possible to expand and qualify the actions of care to this clientele, so that we can reach thefull range of assistance.

Estudio transversal de carácter descriptivo, realizado en las Unidades Básicas de Salud de la Familia deFortaleza/CE/Brasil. Participaron del estudio 42 enfermeros, escogidos por conveniencia, invitados a participar del estudioen los días de la presencia de los investigadores a las unidades de salud, los cuales fueron seleccionados mediantemuestra aleatoria simple. El objetivo fue describir las acciones que el enfermero realiza junto a los ancianos diabéticos ycompararlas a partir de las normas editadas por el Ministerio de Salud. Fue utilizado para la colecta de datos un cuestionarioy la observación no participante. Se observó que las acciones preconizadas por el Ministerio de Salud son ejecutadas porlos participantes del estudio, pero de forma limitada. Se cree que a través de la colaboración entre los cursos de graduacióny de postgraduación en el área gerontología, administradores, enfermeros y demás envueltos en la promoción de la saludde los ancianos diabéticos, sea posible ampliar y cualificar las acciones de cuidado a estos clientes, de modo que sealcance la integralidad de la asistencia.