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1.
J. Health NPEPS ; 8(1): e10825, jan - jun, 2023.
Article in English | Coleciona SUS, BDENF - Nursing, LILACS | ID: biblio-1512666

ABSTRACT

Objective: assess which demographic and socioeconomic factors contribute to the different impacts of COVID-19 by regions in Brazil. Method: descriptive study with mathematic modeling (USA) were use to assess deaths and COVID-19 cases and also establish a standard relational relationship with demographic and socioeconomic factors across the country and by regions (2020 to 2023). The factors analyzed in the study: i) deaths and cases of COVID-19, ii) total population density per thousand kilometers, iii) isolation index, iv) population, v) Human Development Index - HDI, vi) population density, vii ) average water tariff, viii) urban water service tariff, ix) total water tariff, x) urban sewage service tariff referring to municipalities served with water, xi) service tariff of total sewage, referring to the municipalities served with water, xii) Gini index (income concentration level), xiii) 1st and 2nd dose of vaccine, and xiv) Gross Domestic Product. Results: the study reveals that COVID-19 cases/deaths are significantly correlated with GDP and inversely correlated with the vaccination rate. Conclusion: this study shows scientific evidence that supports the use of vaccination as a protective measure against COVID-19 mortality in Brazil.


Objetivo: avaliar os fatores demográficos e socioeconômicos que contribuem para os diferentes impactos da COVID-19 por regiões do Brasil. Método: estudo descritivo com modelo matemático (USA) foi utilizado para avaliar óbitos e casos de COVID-19 e também estabelecer uma relaçao padrão com fatores demográficos e socioeconômicos em todo o país e por regiões (2020a 2023). Os fatores analisados no estudo: i) óbitos e casos de COVID-19; ii) densidade populacional total por mil quilômetros; iii) índice de isolamento; iv) população; v) Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano; vi)densidade demográfica; vii) tarifa média de água; viii) tarifa de serviço de água urbana; ix) tarifa de água total; x) tarifa de serviço de esgoto urbano referente aos municípios atendidos com água; xi) tarifa de serviço de esgoto total referente aos municípios atendidos com água; xii) índice de Gini; xiii) 1ª e 2ª dose de vacina; e xiv) Produto Interno Bruto. Resultados: o estudo revela que casos/óbitos por COVID-19 são significativamente correlacionados com o PIB e inversamente correlacionados com a taxa de vacinação. Conclusão: este estudo mostra evidências científicas que apoiam o uso da vacinação como medida de proteção contra a mortalidade por COVID-19 no Brasil.


Subject(s)
Brazil , Demography , Mortality , COVID-19
2.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 22: e237544, Jan.-Dec. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-1424940

ABSTRACT

Aim: The purpose of the study was to analyze the knowledge of dentists in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, about bisphosphonates and their clinical implications. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted with a convenience sample of dentists in Belo Horizonte, in a period of 8 weeks. The questionnaire was self-applied and was structured with 10 items about the dentists' demographic characteristics, professional profile, and knowledge about bisphosphonates. Associations in the data were analyzed by with the Fischer's exact test with a significance level of 5%. Results: Of the 214 participating dentists, 163 (76.17%) were women, and 51 (23.83%) were men, with age ranged for 21 to 73 years (mean of 30 years) and mean of 6 years of professional activity. Nearly half (106/49.53%) reported having knowledge about bisphosphonates, and undergraduate courses were the primary source of such information (73/34.11%). Osteoporosis was the most identified indication for use (75/35.04%), although no participants correctly identified all indications. Regarding the drugs' side effects, only three dentists (1.40%) could correctly identify all responses, with bone necrosis being recognized by the majority (88/41.12%). Sodium alendronate (54/25.23%) and sodium ibandronate (15/7.01%) were the most identified examples of bisphosphonates. Last, only nine dentists (4.20%) could identify all examples of the drugs, and their capacity was associated with self-reported knowledge (p<0.05). Conclusions: More information about bisphosphonates should be disseminated in Belo Horizonte, ideally via better approaches in local undergraduate and postgraduate courses. Until then, knowledge of the basic aspects of bisphosphonates will remain limited


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Awareness , Surveys and Questionnaires , Knowledge , Dentists , Diphosphonates/adverse effects , Drug Utilization
3.
Hig. Aliment. (Online) ; 36(294): e1055, jan.-jun. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1396534

ABSTRACT

Existe uma preocupação na produção de alimentos com a segurança sanitária desde o processo de cultivo até a sua expedição aos centros comerciais. Uma das maiores contaminações em sementes por suas características físicas e químicas, é a contaminação fúngica devida à acidez e umidade dos frutos. As doenças fúngicas entre elas, antracnose, vassoura de bruxa e podridão parda são consideradas importante doenças em pós colheita, ocorrendo, principalmente, sob condições de alta umidade relativa do ar e temperaturas elevadas (26ºC a 28ºC). Dentre as sementes da região Amazônica, destacam-se sementes de (cacau- Theobroma cacao L., pupunha- Bactris gasipaes, tucumã da Amazonas-Astrocaryum aculeatum), que apresentam problemas de contaminação fúngica durante o sistema de cultivo. Métodos de biocontroles com ação antimicrobiana: bactérias endofíticas, rizobactérias e fungo Trichoderma ssp, entre outros estão sendo estudados para a redução destas contaminações fúngicas em estudos in vitro e no campo. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a utilização de métodos de biocontrole como uma alternativa promissora no manejo de doenças de plantas na fase de pós-colheita, com excelentes resultados em culturas de grande importância econômica. Assim novas alternativas ecologicamente sustentáveis demonstram a possibilidade de os produtos estudados serem utilizados no manejo da antracnose na pós-colheita.(AU)


There is a concern in food production with health security from cultivation process to its dispatch to redistribution centers. One of the biggest contaminations in seeds due to their physical and chemical characteristics, is the fungal contamination due to the acidity and humidity of the fruits. Fungal diseases including anthracnose, bruca's broom and brownrot are considered important diseases in post-harvest, occurring mainly under conditions of high relative humidity and high temperatures (26ºC to 28ºC). Among the seeds of the Amazon region, seeds of de (cacau- Theobroma cacao L., pupunha- Bactris gasipaes, tucumã da Amazonas- Astrocaryum aculeatum ), that present problems fungals contamination during in their growing cultures sistems. Biocontrol methods with antimicrobial action: endophytic bacteria, rhizobacteria and the fungus Trichoderma ssp, among others, are being studied to reduce these fungal contaminations in in vitro and field studies. The objective of this work is to present a bibliographic review on the use of biocontrol methods as an alternative that is promising in the management of plant diseases in the post-harvest phase, with excellent results in crops of great economic importance. Thus, new ecologically sustainable alternatives demonstrate the possibility of the studied products to be used in the management of anthracnose in the post-harvest period.(AU)


Subject(s)
Seeds/microbiology , Pest Control, Biological/methods , Mycoses/prevention & control , Brazil , Cacao/microbiology , Review , Arecaceae/microbiology , Anti-Infective Agents/analysis
4.
Hig. Aliment. (Online) ; 36(294): 1055, Janeiro/Junho 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519165

ABSTRACT

Existe uma preocupação na produção de alimentos com a segurança sanitária desde o processo de cultivo até a sua expedição aos centros comerciais. Uma das maiores contaminações em sementes por suas características físicas e químicas, é a contaminação fúngica devida à acidez e umidade dos frutos. As doenças fúngicas entre elas, antracnose, vassoura de bruxa e podridão parda são consideradas importante doenças em pós colheita, ocorrendo, principalmente, sob condições de alta umidade relativa do ar e temperaturas elevadas (26ºC a 28ºC). Dentre as sementes da região Amazônica, destacam-se sementes de (cacau- Theobroma cacao L., pupunha- Bactris gasipaes, tucumã da Amazonas-Astrocaryum aculeatum), que apresentam problemas de contaminação fúngica durante o sistema de cultivo. Métodos de biocontroles com ação antimicrobiana: bactérias endofíticas, rizobactérias e fungo Trichoderma ssp, entre outros estão sendo estudados para a redução destas contaminações fúngicas em estudos in vitro e no campo. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a utilização de métodos de biocontrole como uma alternativa promissora no manejo de doenças de plantas na fase de pós-colheita, com excelentes resultados em culturas de grande importância econômica. Assim novas alternativas ecologicamente sustentáveis demonstram a possibilidade de os produtos estudados serem utilizados no manejo da antracnose na pós-colheita


There is a concern in food production with health security from cultivation process to its dispatch to redistribution centers. One of the biggest contaminations in seeds due to their physical and chemical characteristics, is the fungal contamination due to the acidity and humidity of the fruits. Fungal diseases including anthracnose, bruca's broom and brownrot are considered important diseases in post-harvest, occurring mainly under conditions of high relative humidity and high temperatures (26ºC to 28ºC). Among the seeds of the Amazon region, seeds of de (cacau- Theobroma cacao L., pupunha- Bactris gasipaes, tucumã da Amazonas- Astrocaryum aculeatum ), that present problems fungals contamination during in their growing cultures sistems. Biocontrol methods with antimicrobial action: endophytic bacteria, rhizobacteria and the fungus Trichoderma ssp, among others, are being studied to reduce these fungal contaminations in in vitro and field studies. The objective of this work is to present a bibliographic review on the use of biocontrol methods as an alternative that is promising in the management of plant diseases in the post-harvest phase, with excellent results in crops of great economic importance. Thus, new ecologically sustainable alternatives demonstrate the possibility of the studied products to be used in the management of anthracnose in the post-harvest period

5.
Licere (Online) ; 24(1): 695-725, 20210317.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1253554

ABSTRACT

Atentas à necessidade de olhar o lazer a partir de uma perspectiva outra, assumimos a opção decolonial movidas por nossas experiências de pesquisa. Apresentamos nesse ensaio argumentos conceituais do debate decolonial construídos na América Latina a partir de uma incursão teórica. Nosso olhar parte de estudos, concluídos e em andamento, com mulheres em situação de rua, mulheres negras, povos indígenas e sobre as manifestações culturais do Festejo do Tambor Mineiro e do BoiBumbá de Parintins. Essas experiências empíricas nos movem a um pensar outro que confronte as estruturas hegemônicas coloniais. A partir da discussão sobre temporalidade, cultura e educação dentro de uma perspectiva contra-hegemônica, buscamos construir pontes entre o campo de lazer e a decolonialidade. Assim, ressaltamos a necessidade de lançar um olhar a partir das práticas sociais, especificamente nossos contextos de pesquisa, e fazer ressoar vozes e perspectivas de mundo que operam com outras lógicas para nos orientar e fornecer contribuições na direção de um lazer decolonial ou ainda de uma possível construção decolonial do lazer.


Aware of the need to look at leisure from another perspective, we assume the decolonial option promoted by our research experiences. In this essay we present conceptual arguments of the decolonial debate built in Latin America from a theoretical incursion. Our view is based on studies, concluded and in progress with women on the street, black women, indigenous peoples and cultural manifestations of the Festejo do Tambor Mineiro and Boi-Bumbá de Parintins. These empirical experiences take us to a different thought that confronts the colonial hegemonic structures. From the discussion on temporality, culture and education in a hegemonic perspective, we seek to build bridges between the field of leisure and decoloniality. Thus, we emphasize the need to take a look at social practices, specifically our research contexts, and make voices and perspectives of the world resonate that work with other logics to guide us and provide contributions towards decolonial leisure or even a possible decolonial construction of leisure.


Subject(s)
Leisure Activities
6.
Rev. Kairós ; 22(2): 9-28, jun. 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1022738

ABSTRACT

Este artigo descreve um Projeto Intergeracional Photovoice implementado numa Estrutura Residencial para Pessoas Idosas (ERPI), em Portugal, em que participaram quatro idosos e quatro estudantes universitários. O Projeto consistiu em solicitar a idosos e as pares intergeracionais que fotografassem a realidade envolvente. A análise do seu impacto, a cada participante em termos de efeitos muito proveitosos, sugere que esta pode ser uma estratégia bem-sucedida para melhorar as relações interpessoais, intergeracionais e o bem-estar físico e psicológico de idosos especialmente os institucionalizados.


This article describes an Intergenerational Photovoice Project implemented in a Residential Structure for the Elderly (ERPI), in Portugal, in which four elderly people and four university students participated. The Project consisted of asking the elderly and intergenerational peers to photograph the surrounding reality. Analyzing its impact on each participant in terms of very beneficial effects suggests that this may be a successful strategy for improving interpersonal, intergenerational relationships, and the physical and psychological well-being of especially institutionalized older people.


Este documento describe un Proyecto Intergeneracional de Photovoice implementado en una Estructura Residencial para Ancianos (ERPI) en Portugal, en el que participaron cuatro personas mayores y cuatro estudiantes universitarios. El Proyecto consistió en pedirles a los pares mayores e intergeneracionales que fotografiaran la realidad circundante. Analizar su impacto en cada participante en términos de efectos muy beneficiosos sugiere que esta puede ser una estrategia exitosa para mejorar las relaciones interpersonales, intergeneracionales y el bienestar físico y psicológico de las personas mayores especialmente institucionalizadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Health Strategies , Interpersonal Relations , Students , Projects , Healthy Aging
7.
Licere (Online) ; 22(1): 231-262, mar.2019. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-997865

ABSTRACT

Este estudo identifica e analisa as práticas de lazer e a cultura no cotidiano da Comunidade dos Arturos, Contagem- MG. Localidade marcada por um número expressivo de escravos, o que possibilitou a resistência de manifestações culturais de origem africana. Abordamos a história e a identidade, com ênfase na apropriação que fazem em relação aos espaços da Comunidade e suas tradições. Metodologicamente utilizamos a observação e as entrevistas semiestruturadas, elaboradas a partir de três eixos norteadores: o de identificação das práticas de lazer da comunidade; identificação dos espaços e apropriação dos mesmos; identificação de práticas infantis. Compreendemos com esta pesquisa que as práticas de lazer e a relação das crianças com o brincar nestes espaços apresentam, para além do lúdico, uma identidade cultural valorizada e cultivada pela comunidade para perpetuação dos saberes de seus antepassados.


This study identifies and analyzes the leisure practices and culture in daily life of the Comunidade dos Arturos, Contagem ­ MG. This location was marked by the large number of slaves, which made it possible to maintain the African's cultural manifestations. We approach the history and the identity of the Community, with an emphasis on how they appropriate the space and their traditions.Methodologically, we used observation and semi-structured interviews, elaborated from three points: the identification of leisure practices of the community; identification of spaces and their appropriation; identification of children's leisure practices. We understand with this research that the leisure and the relation of the children with the play in these spaces present, besides the playful dimension, a cultural identity valued and cultivated by the perpetuation of the knowledge of their ancestors.


Subject(s)
Leisure Activities , Cultural Characteristics , Culture , Population Groups , Black People
8.
HU Rev. (Online) ; 44(2): 175-181, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1047960

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A obesidade é um problema de saúde pública mundial. Além das diversas alterações metabólicas encontradas em indivíduos obesos, há evidências de alterações no sistema endócrino, como observado no metabolismo da vitamina D. Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência de deficiência de vitamina D em uma amostra de pacientes adultos com obesidade. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal retrospectivo analisando 183 prontuários dos pacientes atendidos pela primeira vez buscando tratamento para obesidade. Após os fatores de exclusão, restaram 113 prontuários válidos. Resultados: O IMC variou de 30.1 a 77.1, com uma mediana de 44.5 kg/m2. Trinta pacientes (26,55 %) tinham a Vitamina D abaixo de 20 ng/ml, sendo considerados com diagnóstico de Deficiência de Vitamina D. Nenhuma correlação foi encontrada entre os níveis de Vitamina D e os parâmetros antropométricos. Houve associação significativa estatística dos níveis de Vitamina D com colesterol total (r=-0.26; p=0.0053), LDL-colesterol (r=-0.25; p=0.0071), além de uma tendência à significância com os níveis de TGP (r=0.16; p=0.088). Conclusão: Houve uma elevada frequência de deficiência de vitamina D em pacientes obesos. Não houve correlação entre os níveis de vitamina D e os marcadores antropométricos, porém foi encontrada uma correlação inversa de vitamina D com níveis de colesterol total e LDL-colesterol, mostrando a relação com a dislipidemia. Também, houve uma tendência à significância com os níveis de TGP, o que provavelmente remete à esteatose hepática, comum em obesos.


Introduction: Obesity is a global public health problem. In addition to the various metabolic alterations found in obese individuals, there is evidence of alterations in the endocrine system, as observed in vitamin D metabolism. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of vitamin D deficiency in a sample of adult patients with obesity. Material and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out analyzing 183 medical charts of who seek treatment for obesity. After exclusion factors, there were 113 valid medical records. Results: The BMI ranged from 30.1 to 77.1, with a median of 44.5 kg / m2. Thirty patients (26.55%) had Vitamin D below 20 ng/ml, being considered as vitamin D deficiency. No correlation was found between vitamin D and anthropometric parameters. There was a statistically significant association of hypovitaminosis D with total cholesterol (r = -0.26, p = 0.0053), LDL cholesterol (r = -0.25, p = 0.0071), and a trend towards significance with TGP levels (r = 0.16; p = 0.088). Conclusion: There was an increased frequency of vitamin D deficiency in obese individuals. There was no correlation between vitamin D levels and anthropometric markers, but an inverse correlation of vitamin D with total and LDL-cholesterol levels was found, showing the relation with dyslipidemia. Also, there was a trend toward significance with TGP levels, which probably refers to hepatic steatosis, common in obese patients.


Subject(s)
Vitamin D , Obesity , Vitamin D Deficiency , Vitamins , Metabolic Syndrome , Endocrine System , Metabolic Diseases , Metabolism
9.
Codas ; 29(2): e20160009, 2017 Mar 13.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28300937

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To analyze the voice-related quality of life of children with dysphonia and without voice disorders in a population sample of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. METHODS: Study participants were 420 children, 98 with dysphonia and 322 without voice disorders, aged six to 10 years, enrolled in public and private elementary schools. The random sample was divided into two groups: dysphonic children (study group - SG) and children without vocal disorders (control group - CG). Assessment of the children's voices was performed by four voice-expert speech-language pathologists with more than 10 years of experience in this field, using the auditory-perceptual parameter of overall severity of dysphonia graded in four points. The results were analyzed based on the evaluation of children's voices conducted by the speech-language pathologist that presented the highest intra-rater agreement, using the Kappa statistical method. The Pediatric Voice-related Quality-of-Life (PVRQoL) survey was answered by the children's parents/legal guardians. Descriptive statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the Student's t-Test. RESULTS: Of the 420 children evaluated, 98 were dysphonic (SG) and 322 presented no voice alteration (CG). Analysis of the three PVRQoL scores (total, physical, and social-emotional) showed no difference between the groups tested (SG and CG). No difference was observed in PVRQoL values regarding the degree of vocal deviation. CONCLUSION: Dysphonia does not have a negative impact on the voice-related quality of life of children considering the response of secondary informants.


Subject(s)
Dysphonia/psychology , Quality of Life , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dysphonia/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Male , Urban Population , Voice Quality
10.
CoDAS ; 29(2): e20160009, 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-840113

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo analisar o impacto na qualidade de vida relacionado à voz de crianças disfônicas e sem alteração vocal, com uma amostra populacional da grande Belo Horizonte – Minas Gerais. Método participaram do estudo 420 indivíduos na faixa etária de seis a 10 anos de idade, cursando o ensino fundamental nas escolas públicas e privadas da cidade. A amostragem foi aleatória, e as crianças, divididas em dois grupos: disfônicas (GD) e sem alteração vocal (G0). A avaliação das vozes das crianças foi realizada por quatro fonoaudiólogas especialistas em voz e com experiência de mais de 10 anos nesta análise, utilizando o parâmetro perceptivo-auditivo de grau geral de disfonia, graduado em quatro pontos. Foi considerada, para a análise dos resultados, a avaliação das vozes das crianças realizada pela fonoaudióloga que apresentou maior concordância intra-avaliador, analisada pela estatística Kappa. O protocolo Qualidade de Vida em Voz Pediátrico (QVV-P) foi respondido pelos responsáveis das crianças. Para análise inferencial, foi realizada a análise descritiva dos dados e utilizado o Teste-T de Student. Resultados das crianças avaliadas, 98 eram disfônicas (GD) e 322 não tinham alteração vocal (G0). A análise dos três Escores do QVV-P não apresentou diferença para os grupos testados (GD e G0). Também não foi observada diferença nos valores do QVV-P, considerando-se o grau de desvio vocal. Conclusão crianças disfônicas não apresentam impacto negativo na qualidade de vida relacionada à voz, considerando-se a resposta do informante secundário.


ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the voice-related quality of life of children with dysphonia and without voice disorders in a population sample of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Methods Study participants were 420 children, 98 with dysphonia and 322 without voice disorders, aged six to 10 years, enrolled in public and private elementary schools. The random sample was divided into two groups: dysphonic children (study group - SG) and children without vocal disorders (control group - CG). Assessment of the children's voices was performed by four voice-expert speech-language pathologists with more than 10 years of experience in this field, using the auditory-perceptual parameter of overall severity of dysphonia graded in four points. The results were analyzed based on the evaluation of children’s voices conducted by the speech-language pathologist that presented the highest intra-rater agreement, using the Kappa statistical method. The Pediatric Voice-related Quality-of-Life (PVRQoL) survey was answered by the children’s parents/legal guardians. Descriptive statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the Student’s t-Test. Results Of the 420 children evaluated, 98 were dysphonic (SG) and 322 presented no voice alteration (CG). Analysis of the three PVRQoL scores (total, physical, and social-emotional) showed no difference between the groups tested (SG and CG). No difference was observed in PVRQoL values regarding the degree of vocal deviation. Conclusion Dysphonia does not have a negative impact on the voice-related quality of life of children considering the response of secondary informants.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Quality of Life , Dysphonia/psychology , Urban Population , Voice Quality , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dysphonia/physiopathology
11.
J Dairy Sci ; 99(4): 2641-2653, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26830747

ABSTRACT

Minas Frescal is a typical Brazilian fresh cheese and one of the most popular dairy products in the country. This white soft, semiskimmed, nonripened cheese with high moisture content is obtained by enzymatic coagulation of cow milk using calf rennet or coagulants, usually in industrial dairy plants, but is also manufactured in small farms. Contamination of Minas Frescal by several staphylococci has been frequently reported. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) strains are maybe the most harmful, as they are able to produce heat-stable enterotoxins with super antigenic activities in food matrices, especially in dairy products such as soft cheeses. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of CNS strains in Minas Frescal marketed in southeastern Brazil concerning the risk of staphylococci food poisoning by the consumption of improperly manufactured cheese and the possibility of these food matrices being a reservoir of staphylococcal resistance to antimicrobials. Ten distinct CNS strains were found in 6 cheeses from distinct brands. The most frequent species were Staphylococcus saprophyticus (40%), Staphylococcus xylosus (30%), Staphylococcus sciuri (20%), and Staphylococcus piscifermentans (10%). Three strains were identified to the Staphylococcus genera. Three major species groups composed of 3 refined clusters were grouped by phylogenetic analyses with similarities over to 90%. All CNS strains carried multiple enterotoxin genes, with high incidence of sea and seb (90 and 70%, respectively), followed by sec/see, seh/sei, and sed with intermediate incidence (60, 50, and 40%, respectively), and, finally, seg/selk/selq/selr and selu with the lowest incidence (20 and 10%, respectively). Real-time reverse transcription PCR and ELISA assays confirmed the enteroxigenic character of the CNS strains, which expressed and produced the enterotoxins in vitro. The CNS strains showed multiresistance to antimicrobial agents such as ß-lactams, vancomycin, and linezolid, which have therapeutic importance in both human and veterinarian medicines. The risk of staphylococci food poisoning by the consumption of improperly manufactured Minas Frescal was emphasized, in addition to the possibility of these food matrices being a reservoir for antibiotic resistance. More effective control measures concerning the presence and typing of staphylococci in raw milk and dairy derivatives should be included to prevent the spread of pathogenic strains.


Subject(s)
Cheese/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics , Enterotoxins/genetics , Staphylococcus/classification , Staphylococcus/genetics , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Brazil , Cattle , Coagulase/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Milk/chemistry , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Staphylococcus/drug effects , Staphylococcus/enzymology
12.
Biomed Res Int ; 2015: 483548, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26697486

ABSTRACT

The risks of contracting staphylococci food poisoning by the consumption of improperly manufactured salami and the possibility of this food being reservoirs for antibiotic resistance were evaluated. Nineteen coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) strains were found in commercial and artisanal salami. The species in commercial salami were S. saprophyticus, S. sciuri, S. xylosus, and S. carnosus. Artisanal salami showed S. succinus, S. epidermidis, and S. hominis but no S. carnosus. Phylogenetic analyses grouped the strains into three major staphylococcal species groups, comprised of 4 refined clusters with similarities superior to 90%. Fifteen strains harbored multiple enterotoxin genes, with high incidence of seb/sec and sea, 57% and 50%, respectively, intermediate incidence of sed/seh/selm and sei/seln/tst-H, 33% and 27%, correspondingly, and low incidence of see/selj/selo and seg, of respectively 13% and 1%. Real time RT-PCR and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assays confirmed the enterotoxigenicity of the strains, which expressed and produced enterotoxins in vitro. The CNS strains showed multiresistance to several antimicrobials of therapeutic importance in both human and veterinarian medicine, such as ß-lactams, vancomycin, and linezolid. The effective control of undue staphylococci in fermented meat products should be adopted to prevent or limit the risk of food poisoning and the spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains.


Subject(s)
Food Microbiology , Meat/microbiology , Microbiota , Staphylococcus/isolation & purification , Coagulase/metabolism , Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics , Enterotoxins/genetics , Humans , Phylogeny , Staphylococcus/genetics , Staphylococcus/pathogenicity
13.
Hig. alim. ; 29(244/245): 160-166, maio-jun. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-33409

ABSTRACT

O consumo de embutidos merece destaque no mercado nacional, entre esses produtos a linguiça frescal é um dos que mais atraem consumidores. A rotulagem dos produtos alimentícios é o canal de comunicação entre produtor e consumidor e para garantir a segurança das informações ali contidas, devem-se seguir as normas estabelecidas pelos órgãos competentes. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar informações referentes à conservação e ao prazo de validade no rótulo de linguiças comercializadas no município do Rio de Janeiro. Uma variedade de 24 tipos de linguiças foi analisada em 4 estabelecimentos comerciais distintos, totalizando 43 produtos, considerando a ocorrência da mesma variedade em locais diferentes. O local SM2 foi o que possuiu maior quantidade de tipos do produto, sendo que a marca Ml possuiu a maior variedade assim como as melhores descrições da forma de conservação. Apenas em uma variedade, da marca M2, não constavam formas de conservação e prazo de validade. A temperatura média de conservação em temperatura ambiente apresentada foi de 22°C, sendo o prazo de validade de 30 a 90 dias. Já para conservação em refrigeração a temperatura indicada era de até 8°C com prazo de validade entre 1,5 e 3 meses em embalagem fechada. Não se encontraram especificações para congelamento. A adequação dos rótulos às normas vigentes quanto à conservação da linguiça é um importante instrumento para a preservação da saúde do consumidor, por isso deve estar constantemente sendo avaliada e aperfeiçoada.(AU)


The consumption of embedded deserves in the national market, these products between the fresh sausages is one of the most attractive consumers. The labeling of food products is the channel of communication between producers and consumers and to ensure the security of the information contained therein, must follow the standards preached by the competent bodies. The aim of the study was to analyze information relating to the conservation and expiry date on the label of sausages marketed in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A variety of 24 types of sausages was analyzed in four separate shops, totaling 43 products, considering the occurrence of the same variety at different locations. The local SM2 was the most possessed quantity of product types, and the brand M1 possessed the greatest variety as well as descriptions of how best conservation. Only I variety, brand M2, not in forms of conservation and expiration date. The average temperature for storage at room temperature displayed was 22 ºC, with a shelf life of 30 to 90 days. As for conservation in cooling the temperature was indicated up to 8 ºC with validity period from 1.5 to 3 months in unopened packaging. It not met specifications for freezing. The adequacy of current labeling standards for preservation of sausage is an important tool for preserving the health of the consumer, so it must be constantly being evaluated and improved.(AU)


Subject(s)
Meat Products , Food Labeling/standards , Food Storage , Date of Validity of Products , Cooled Foods , Brazil , Food Quality
14.
Hig. Aliment. (Online) ; 29(244/245): 160-166, maio-jun. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1481797

ABSTRACT

O consumo de embutidos merece destaque no mercado nacional, entre esses produtos a linguiça frescal é um dos que mais atraem consumidores. A rotulagem dos produtos alimentícios é o canal de comunicação entre produtor e consumidor e para garantir a segurança das informações ali contidas, devem-se seguir as normas estabelecidas pelos órgãos competentes. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar informações referentes à conservação e ao prazo de validade no rótulo de linguiças comercializadas no município do Rio de Janeiro. Uma variedade de 24 tipos de linguiças foi analisada em 4 estabelecimentos comerciais distintos, totalizando 43 produtos, considerando a ocorrência da mesma variedade em locais diferentes. O local SM2 foi o que possuiu maior quantidade de tipos do produto, sendo que a marca Ml possuiu a maior variedade assim como as melhores descrições da forma de conservação. Apenas em uma variedade, da marca M2, não constavam formas de conservação e prazo de validade. A temperatura média de conservação em temperatura ambiente apresentada foi de 22°C, sendo o prazo de validade de 30 a 90 dias. Já para conservação em refrigeração a temperatura indicada era de até 8°C com prazo de validade entre 1,5 e 3 meses em embalagem fechada. Não se encontraram especificações para congelamento. A adequação dos rótulos às normas vigentes quanto à conservação da linguiça é um importante instrumento para a preservação da saúde do consumidor, por isso deve estar constantemente sendo avaliada e aperfeiçoada.


The consumption of embedded deserves in the national market, these products between the fresh sausages is one of the most attractive consumers. The labeling of food products is the channel of communication between producers and consumers and to ensure the security of the information contained therein, must follow the standards preached by the competent bodies. The aim of the study was to analyze information relating to the conservation and expiry date on the label of sausages marketed in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A variety of 24 types of sausages was analyzed in four separate shops, totaling 43 products, considering the occurrence of the same variety at different locations. The local SM2 was the most possessed quantity of product types, and the brand M1 possessed the greatest variety as well as descriptions of how best conservation. Only I variety, brand M2, not in forms of conservation and expiration date. The average temperature for storage at room temperature displayed was 22 ºC, with a shelf life of 30 to 90 days. As for conservation in cooling the temperature was indicated up to 8 ºC with validity period from 1.5 to 3 months in unopened packaging. It not met specifications for freezing. The adequacy of current labeling standards for preservation of sausage is an important tool for preserving the health of the consumer, so it must be constantly being evaluated and improved.


Subject(s)
Cooled Foods , Food Storage , Date of Validity of Products , Meat Products , Food Labeling/standards , Brazil , Food Quality
15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26001270

ABSTRACT

A total of 635 raw milk samples from 45 dairy farms, from three regions of São Paulo state - Brazil, were evaluated during 15 months for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). AFM1 was determined by high performance liquid chromatograph with fluorescence detection. AFM1 was detected (>0.003 µg kg(-1)) in 72.9%, 56.3% and 27.5% of the samples from Bauru, Araçatuba and Vale do Paraíba regions, respectively. The mean AFM1 contamination considering all the samples was 0.021 µg kg(-1). Furthermore, the concentration of AFM1 was quite different among Bauru (0.038 µg kg(-1)), Araçatuba (0.017 µg kg(-1)) and Vale do Paraíba (<0.01 µg kg(-1)) regions. Only three samples (0.5%) had higher contamination than the tolerated limit in Brazil (0.50 µg kg(-1)) and 64 samples (10.1%) had a higher contamination than the maximum limit as set by the European Union (0.050 µg kg(-1)). The estimated AFM1 daily intake was 0.358 and 0.120 ng kg(-1) body weight per day for children and adults, respectively.


Subject(s)
Aflatoxin M1/analysis , Carcinogens, Environmental/analysis , Food Contamination , Milk/chemistry , Adult , Aflatoxin M1/toxicity , Animals , Brazil , Carcinogens, Environmental/toxicity , Child , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Dairying , European Union , Food Inspection , Guidelines as Topic , Humans , Limit of Detection , Milk/adverse effects , Milk/standards , Reproducibility of Results , Spatio-Temporal Analysis , Spectrometry, Fluorescence
16.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol ; 79(4): 434-40, 2013 Aug.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23929142

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: Recent studies emphasize the importance of the clinical-histology correlation in laryngeal pathologies. OBJECTIVE: To compare the ENT diagnosis with the pathology diagnosis one of 132 surgical specimens, from 119 patients with vocal nodules and polyps. METHOD: Retrospective study. We investigated the paraffin blocks corresponding to the lesions of the operated patients. We made new histology cross-sections, totaling 396 new slides, divided into three groups: hematoxylin and eosin, Gomori trichrome and PAS. We analyzed the following histological parameters: epithelium, lamina propria, basement membrane, vascular changes. We compared the laryngological and pathological diagnoses, and we did the statistical analysis, checking the predominant histological aspects in each lesion. RESULTS: There was an agreement between the clinical and pathological diagnoses in 123 (93.18%) of 132 lesions analyzed (42.42% nodules and 50.76% polyps). In the histological parameters we found: epithelial changes such as nodules hyperplasia (82.14%) and polyp atrophy (31.34%). Lamina propria: edema in polyps (71.43%), fibrosis in the nodules (57.14%). Basement membrane: thickened nodules (100%), thin/no change in polyps (100%). There was a predominance of vascular changes in the polyps. CONCLUSION: We found a high correlation between the ENT diagnosis and the pathology report. Histopathologically, the nodules presented with predominantly epithelial changes, lamina propria and basement membrane fibrosis, while the polyps by changes strictly on the lamina propria and vascular aspects.


Subject(s)
Laryngeal Diseases/pathology , Polyps/pathology , Vocal Cords/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Male , Middle Aged , Polyps/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Young Adult
17.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.);79(4): 434-440, jul.-ago. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-681885

ABSTRACT

Estudos atuais enfatizam a importância da correlação clínico-histológica nas afecções laríngeas. OBJETIVO: Comparar o diagnóstico otorrinolaringológico com anatomopatológico de 132 espécimes cirúrgicos, provenientes de 119 pacientes operados de nódulos e pólipos vocais. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo. Foram levantados os blocos de parafina correspondentes às lesões dos pacientes operados. Realizaram-se novos cortes histológicos, totalizando 396 novas lâminas, divididas em três grupos: hematoxilina e eosina, tricômico de Gomori e PAS. Foram analisados os parâmetros histológicos: epitélio, lâmina própria, membrana basal, alterações vasculares. Foram comparados os diagnósticos anatomopatológico e laringológico. Realizou-se análise estatística verificando os aspectos histológicos predominantes em cada lesão. RESULTADOS: Houve concordância entre o diagnóstico clínico e anatomopatológico em 123 (93,18%) lesões das 132 analisadas (42,42% nódulos e 50,76% pólipos). Nos parâmetros histológicos, verificou-se: alterações epiteliais como hiperplasia nos nódulos (82,14%) e atrofia nos pólipos (31,34%). Lâmina própria: edema nos pólipos (71,43%), fibrose nos nódulos (57,14%). Membrana basal: espessada nos nódulos (100%), fina/sem alteração nos pólipos (100%). Houve predomínio das alterações vasculares nos pólipos. CONCLUSÃO: Notou-se elevada correlação entre o diagnóstico otorrinolaringológico e o anatomopatológico. Histopatologicamente, nódulos apresentaram-se com alterações predominantemente epiteliais, fibrose na lâmina própria e espessamento da membrana basal, enquanto os pólipos por alterações estritamente de lâmina própria e aspectos vasculares.


Recent studies emphasize the importance of the clinical-histology correlation in laryngeal pathologies. OBJECTIVE: To compare the ENT diagnosis with the pathology diagnosis one of 132 surgical specimens, from 119 patients with vocal nodules and polyps. METHOD: Retrospective study. We investigated the paraffin blocks corresponding to the lesions of the operated patients. We made new histology cross-sections, totaling 396 new slides, divided into three groups: hematoxylin and eosin, Gomori trichrome and PAS. We analyzed the following histological parameters: epithelium, lamina propria, basement membrane, vascular changes. We compared the laryngological and pathological diagnoses, and we did the statistical analysis, checking the predominant histological aspects in each lesion. RESULTS: There was an agreement between the clinical and pathological diagnoses in 123 (93.18%) of 132 lesions analyzed (42.42% nodules and 50.76% polyps). In the histological parameters we found: epithelial changes such as nodules hyperplasia (82.14%) and polyp atrophy (31.34%). Lamina propria: edema in polyps (71.43%), fibrosis in the nodules (57.14%). Basement membrane: thickened nodules (100%), thin/no change in polyps (100%). There was a predominance of vascular changes in the polyps. CONCLUSION: We found a high correlation between the ENT diagnosis and the pathology report. Histopathologically, the nodules presented with predominantly epithelial changes, lamina propria and basement membrane fibrosis, while the polyps by changes strictly on the lamina propria and vascular aspects.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Laryngeal Diseases/pathology , Polyps/pathology , Vocal Cords/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Polyps/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies
20.
Fisioter. Bras ; 12(4): 310-315, Jul-Ago.2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-784760

ABSTRACT

Este estudo surge devido à importância que a equitaçãocom fins terapêuticos tem vindo a assumir como complementona reabilitação das crianças com Paralisia Cerebral (PC). Objectivo:Verificar quais são os benefícios da equitação com fins terapêuticosnas crianças com paralisia cerebral. Material e métodos: Foram utilizadasnove bases de dados na pesquisa de artigos que abordassem estatemática. Resultados: Foram encontrados cinco artigos experimentais(um sobre equitação terapêutica e os restantes sobre hipoterapia)e um artigo de revisão sistemática. Conclusão: Foram encontradosbenefícios na função motora das crianças com PC, consequentesda utilização da equitação com fins terapêuticos...


This study emerges due to the importance ofthe horseback riding therapy as a complement of rehabilitation inchildren diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Purpose: To verifywhich are the benefits of the horseback riding and hippotherapy inchildren diagnosed with CP. Methods: Nine databases were used tosearch articles on this theme. Results: Five experimental articles (oneabout horseback riding, and the others about hippotherapy) andone systematic literature review were found. Conclusion: We foundbenefits in the motor function of children with CP, who participatein a horseback riding therapy...


Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebral Palsy , Equine-Assisted Therapy
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