Obstetric results of the multicenter, nationwide, scientific-educational program for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to compare the obstetric results in women with GDM in a Polish population based on the criterion for the diagnosis of GDM. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was a questionnaire study covering the data of 2853 patients with GDM treated in centers nationwide in the years 2011-2013. The principles of self-control, glycemic targets and treatment were based on the then-current PDA guidelines. Analysis of the collected data included an assessment of obstetric results based on the diagnostic criteria for GDM. Depending on the result of the glucose tolerance test, the patients were divided into subgroups. RESULTS: 6.28% of births were preterm, and 47% were caesarean. A significant difference was observed in the number of preterm births between a subgroups: PDA(+) meeting only criterion 0' and a PDA(+)meeting only criterion 120' (16.67% vs. 5.83%); and between WHO(+) subgroup meeting only criterion 0' with respect to the subgroup PDA(+) meeting only criterion 0' (4.69% vs. 16.67%). Significant difference was found in the frequency of LGA between the WHO(-)PDA(+) and WHO(+)PDA(-) subgroups (6,57% vs. 14.93%), and between the WHO(-)PDA(+) group and a group of isolated hyperglycemia in 60'(6.57% vs. 12.5%). Also a significant positive correlation was observed between birth weight, the occurrence of LGA and macrosomia, and maternal weight and BMI before pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the analysis indicate the new criteria have greater sensitivity in the prediction of prematurity and birth weight. However, it cannot be ruled out that the final results were affected by the therapeutic intervention employed.

[The occurrence and analysis of chosen risk factors of DKA among children with new onset of DMT1]. / Ocena wystepowania i analiza wybranych czynników ryzyka kwasicy ketonowej w momencie ujawnienia cukrzycy typu 1.

INTRODUCTION: DKA is still the potentially life-threatening complication of DMT1 especially in children and in newly diagnosed subjects. The aim of the study was the assessment of the DKA frequency and the analysis of chosen risk factors in children with the new onset of DMT1. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The group of 186 children with the onset of DM hospitalised in the years 2004-2005 was followed up. Biochemical parameters: pH, glycaemia and HbA1c were analysed. Moreover additional features: clinical symptoms, the duration of symptoms and the numbers of visits preceding right diagnosis were collected. RESULTS: 62 children (33%) presented DKA at the onset of DM. The mean age of these children (8.3+/-4.9 years) was significantly lower than mean age of the whole group (9.6+/-4.9 years, p<0,05). The highest number of DKA episodes was observed in children below 4 years (p<0,001). Apart from the classical symptoms, nocturnal enuresis was the most frequent symptom reported at the onset. The correlations between duration of symptoms and pH as well as delaying of diagnosis and both severity of DKA and age of children have not been observed. The occurrence of DKA was constant in spite of seasonality of DM incidence. CONCLUSIONS: At the time of diabetes initial diagnosis DKA episodes have been reported in 1/3 of cases. Among analysed risk factors only the young age has been evidenced as significant in newly diagnosed children.

[Does coffee drinking influence serum uric acid concentration?]. / Czy picie kawy ma wplyw na stezenie kwasu moczowego w surowicy krwi?

The drinking of coffee, a commonly used beverage, was a subject of many studies, mainly regarded to coffee influence on cardiovascular system. However, only one study indicates that coffee drinking in male adults may lead to decrease in serum uric acid level. Hyperuricaemia is a risk factor of many diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of coffee drinking on serum uric acid concentration. 1955 working persons aged from 18 to 65 years were included into research. There were 571 women among them. We determined energy expenditure during professional work, blood pressure, body mass index, and measured serum levels of uric acid, glucose and creatinine. The amount of coffee and ethanol consumption was evaluated on the ground of an interview. It was showed that persons drinking coffee have lower serum uric acid concentration than non-drinkers, especially among women, who drank more coffee then men. Uricaemia was correlated negatively with number of cups of coffee consumed and positively with body mass index, ethanol consumption and diastolic blood pressure. The author conclude that: 1) among women drinking on an average 10 cups of coffee per week appeared a decrease in serum uric acid concentration and a lower risk of development of hyperuricaemia, 2) elevated serum uric acid concentration is accompanied by elevated blood pressure and increased body mass index.