ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: to estimate the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behavior in adults in Brazil. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional, population-based study carried out in a sample of 88,531 Brazilians, using data from the 2019 National Health Survey; leisure-time physical activity (overall and aerobic exercise) was measured according to the World Health Organization guidelines; the weighted prevalence and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of physical activity, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior were estimated. RESULTS: according to the selected sample, 26.4% (95%CI 25.9;27.1) of Brazilian adults were physically active, 14.0% (95%CI 13.5;14.4) were insufficiently physically active and 59.5% (95%CI 58.8;60.2) were physically inactive; sedentary behavior ≥ 6 hours was reported by 30.1% (95%CI 29.5;30.8) of the population; only 8.6% (95%CI 8.2;8.9) met the recommendations for muscle-strengthening activities. CONCLUSION: most Brazilian adults were physically inactive and did not meet international recommendations for leisure-time physical activity and reduction in sedentary behavior.
Subject(s)
Leisure Activities , Sedentary Behavior , Humans , Adult , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , ExerciseABSTRACT
Objetivos: estimar a prevalência de atividade física no tempo livre e comportamento sedentário em adultos no Brasil. Métodos: estudo seccional, populacional, na amostra de 88.531 brasileiros da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019; a atividade física (geral e modalidades aeróbias) no tempo livre foi mensurada conforme as diretrizes da Organização Mundial da Saúde; estimaram-se as prevalências ponderadas, e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%), de atividade física, inatividade física e tempo sedentário. Resultados: a partir da amostra selecionada, 26,4% (IC95% 25,9;27,1) dos adultos brasileiros eram fisicamente ativos, 14,0% (IC95% 13,5;14,4) eram insuficientemente ativos e 59,5% (IC95% 58,8;60,2) eram inativos; o tempo sedentário ≥ 6 horas foi relatado por 30,1% (IC95% 29,5;30,8) da população; apenas 8,6% (IC95% 8,2;8,9) atenderam às recomendações de atividade física para fortalecimento muscular. Conclusão: a maioria dos brasileiros adultos era inativa e não atendeu às recomendações internacionais de atividade física no tempo livre e restrição de tempo sedentário.
Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behavior in adults in Brazil. Methods: this was a cross-sectional, population-based study carried out in a sample of 88,531 Brazilians, using data from the 2019 National Health Survey; leisure-time physical activity (overall and aerobic exercise) was measured according to the World Health Organization guidelines; the weighted prevalence and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of physical activity, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior were estimated. Results: according to the selected sample, 26.4% (95%CI 25.9;27.1) of Brazilian adults were physically active, 14.0% (95%CI 13.5;14.4) were insufficiently physically active and 59.5% (95%CI 58.8;60.2) were physically inactive; sedentary behavior ≥ 6 hours was reported by 30.1% (95%CI 29.5;30.8) of the population; only 8.6% (95%CI 8.2;8.9) met the recommendations for muscle-strengthening activities. Conclusion: most Brazilian adults were physically inactive and did not meet international recommendations for leisure-time physical activity and reduction in sedentary behavior.
Objetivos: estimar la prevalencia de actividad física en el tiempo libre y comportamiento sedentario de adultos en Brasil. Métodos: estudio seccional, poblacional, de la muestra de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 2019 a partir de lo cual, se estimó la prevalencia ponderada (porcentaje e intervalo de confianza del 95%) de actividad física (general y aeróbica), la inactividad física y el comportamiento sedentario. Resultados: según la muestra elegida, 26,4% (IC95% 25,9;27,1) son físicamente activos, 59,5% (IC95% 58,8;60,2) son inactivos, 14,0% (IC95% 13,5;14,4) son insuficientemente activos y 30,1% (IC95% 29,5;30,8) pasan ≥6 horas sedentarios en su tiempo libre; sólo el 8,6% (IC95% 8,2;8,9) de los adultos cumple con las recomendaciones de actividad física para fortalecimiento muscular. Conclusión: la mayoría de los adultos brasileños son inactivos, no cumplen con las recomendaciones internacionales de actividad física en el tiempo libre y la restricción del tiempo sedentario.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Exercise , Physical Fitness , Sedentary Behavior , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical data , Resistance Training/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In Brazil, there is a scarcity of evidence on migraine burden in patients who have experienced previous preventive treatment failure (PPTF). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations between ≥ 3 PPTF and clinical, psychiatric, and medical history data. METHODS: In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, the medical records of migraine patients who first visited a tertiary specialized clinic were examined. We selected adults of both sexes aged ≥ 18 who attended their first appointment between March and July 2017. Ordinal logistic regression models estimated the associations between number of PPTF (no previous treatment, 1 PPTF, 2, and ≥ 3 PPTF) and chronic migraine, the number of diagnosis exams performed, abortive drugs classes used, and non-pharmacological treatments tried (all categorized as none, 1- 3, and ≥ 4), and severe depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 15) and anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 15), adjusted for sex, age, and years with disease. RESULTS: Data from 440 patients (72.1 % female) with a mean (SD) age of 37.3 (13.0) years were analyzed. The frequency of no previous treatment was 37.7 % (166/440), while 31.8 % (140/440) showed ≥ 3 PPTF. In patients with ≥ 3 PPTF, 35.7 % (50/140) had episodic, and 64.3 % (90/140) had chronic migraine. Compared to no previous treatment, patients with ≥ 3 PPTF showed higher odds (95 % confidence interval) for chronic migraine [2.10 (1.47, 2.98)], ≥ 4 diagnosis exams [6.59 (3.38, 12.84)], ≥ 4 abortive drug classes [16.03 (9.53, 26.94)], ≥ 4 non-pharmacological treatments [5.91 (3.07,11.35)], and severe depression [1.75 (1.07, 2.88)] and anxiety [1.73 (1.05, 2.85)]. CONCLUSION: Patients first visiting a headache specialist had a high frequency of non-response treatment associated with higher migraine burden in terms of chronification, psychiatric comorbidity, acute medication and non-pharmacological treatment inefficacy, and unnecessary exams.
FUNDAMENTO: No Brasil, há escassez de evidências sobre a carga da enxaqueca em pacientes que apresentaram falha prévia no tratamento preventivo (FTPP). OBJETIVO: Avaliar as associações entre ≥ 3 PPTF e dados clínicos, psiquiátricos e de história médica. MÉTODOS: Em um estudo retrospectivo e transversal, foram examinados os prontuários de pacientes com enxaqueca que visitaram pela primeira vez uma clínica especializada terciária. Foram selecionados adultos de ambos os sexos com idade ≥ 18 anos que compareceram à primeira consulta entre março e julho de 2017. Modelos de regressão logística ordinal estimaram as associações entre número de PPTF (sem tratamento prévio, 1 PPTF, 2 e ≥ 3 PPTF) e enxaqueca crônica, o número de exames de diagnóstico realizados, classes de medicamentos abortivos utilizados e tratamentos não farmacológicos tentados (todos categorizados como nenhum, 1-3 e ≥ 4) e depressão grave (PHQ-9 ≥ 15) e ansiedade (GAD-7 ≥ 15), ajustado por sexo, idade e anos de doença. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados ââdados de 440 pacientes (72,1% mulheres) com idade média (DP) de 37,3 (13,0) anos. A frequência de nenhum tratamento prévio foi de 37,7% (166/440), enquanto 31,8% (140/440) apresentaram ≥ 3 PPTF. Em doentes com ≥ 3 PPTF, 35,7% (50/140) tiveram enxaqueca episódica e 64,3% (90/140) tiveram enxaqueca crónica. Em comparação com nenhum tratamento anterior, pacientes com ≥ 3 PPTF apresentaram chances mais altas (intervalo de confiança de 95%) para enxaqueca crônica [2,10 (1,47, 2,98)], ≥ 4 exames de diagnóstico [6,59 (3,38, 12,84)], ≥ 4 classes de medicamentos abortivos [16,03 (9,53; 26,94)], ≥ 4 tratamentos não farmacológicos [5,91 (3,07;11,35)] e depressão grave [1,75 (1,07; 2,88)] e ansiedade [1,73 (1,05; 2,85)]. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes que consultaram pela primeira vez um especialista em dor de cabeça tiveram uma alta frequência de não resposta ao tratamento associada a maior carga de enxaqueca em termos de cronificação, comorbidade psiquiátrica, medicação aguda e ineficácia do tratamento não farmacológico e exames desnecessários.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity has been linked to headache disorders but estimates based on the current World Health Organization physical activity guidelines are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To test the associations between headache disorders and physical inactivity in the ELSA-Brasil cohort. METHODS: In a cross-sectional analysis, linear (continuous variables) and logistic regression models (categorical variables) tested the associations of physical activity levels in the leisure time, commuting time, and combined leisure time physical activity + commuting time physical activity domains with headache disorders, adjusted for the effects of sociodemographic data, cardiovascular risk variables, psychiatric disorders, and migraine prophylaxis medication. RESULTS: Of 15,105 participants, 14,847 (54.4% women) provided data on physical activity levels and headache. Higher physical activity levels (continuous values) in the leisure time physical activity domain associated with lower migraine and tension-type headache occurrence and lower headache attack frequency, while in the commuting time physical activity domain it associated with more frequent headache attacks. Compared to people who met World Health Organization physical activity levels in the leisure time physical activity or combining leisure time physical activity + commuting time physical activity domains (i.e. ≥150 min.wk-1 of moderate and/or ≥75 min.wk-1 of vigorous physical activity), physical inactivity associated with higher migraine occurrence, while somewhat active (i.e. not meeting World Health Organization recommendations) associated with higher migraine and tension-type headache occurrence. Physical inactivity in the commuting time physical activity domain associated with higher tension-type headache in men and lower migraine in women. Physical inactivity within vigorous leisure time physical activity intensity, but not moderate leisure time physical activity, associated with higher migraine, mostly in women. Finally, physical inactivity associated with higher headache attack frequency regardless headache subtype. CONCLUSION: Physical inactivity and unmet World Health Organization physical activity levels associate with primary headaches, with heterogeneous associations regarding headache subtype, sex, physical activity domain/intensity, and headache frequency in the ELSA-Brasil study.
