[Cerebral oximetry in the perioperative evaluation of the reserve of cerebral circulation in patients with brachiocephalic artery lesions]. / Tserebral'naia oksimetriia v otsenke rezervov krovoobrashcheniia golovnogo mozga v perioperatsionnom periode u bol'nykh s porazheniem brakhiotsefal'nykh arterii.

The reactivity of cerebral vessels and the reserve of collateral compensation of cerebral flow were studied in 71 patients with perioperative carotid stenosis of different degrees. Cerebral oximetry was made at rest and during hypercapnic and compression loads. The method's efficiency was demonstrated for the preoperative evaluation of the cerebrovascular reserve in patients with atherosclerotic affection of vessels in the brachiocephalic stem. A comparison of the preoperative and intraoperative dynamics of rSO2 at compression points at the feasibility of using the cerebral oximetry in predicting the degree of reduced regional oxygenation of the brain in the basin of an intraoperatively pinched artery.

[The factors in local protection of the lungs and the status of cellular immunity in patients before and after thoracic operations]. / Faktory mestnoi zashchity legkikh i sostoianie kletochnogo immuniteta u bol'nykh do i posle torakal'nykh operatsii.

Twenty-seven patients operated on the lungs and heart (aortocoronary bypass surgery) were examined. Cellular immunity parameters were studied in venous blood, and the function of immunocompetent cells, status of the surfactant system, and albumin level were assessed in the bronchoalveolar washings off. An impairment of the T-component of cellular immunity (T-suppressors), reduced level of alveolar macrophages and of their phagocytic activity, reduced activity of the surfactant system, and increased albumin content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were revealed in patients with a complicated course of the postoperative period. In patients with a smooth course of the postoperative period these shifts were less expressed. The data indicate the necessity of antibacterial and immunomodulated therapy in such patients before and after surgery.

[The pathogenesis of hypoventilation in the operated lung]. / K voprosu o patogeneze gipoventiliatsii operirovannogo legkogo.

The content of immunocompetent cells, activity of lipid peroxidation processes, function of the surfactant system, and levels of prostacyclin and thromboxane were studied in 9 patients with resected lungs in the perioperative period separately for the intact and operated on lung. The function of immunocompetent cells deteriorated in both lungs after surgery. The levels of albumin and thromboxane were increased in the bronchoalveolar washings from the lung operated on reliably more than in those from intact lung, and the surface active characteristics deteriorated. Eight patients developed hypoventilation of the operated on lung in the postoperative period.