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1.
Niger J Clin Pract ; 26(11): 1734-1741, 2023 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38044781

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hand dermatitis (HD) is inflammation of the skin of the hands. It ranges in severity and has a significant impact on quality of life (QoL). The physical and psychosocial burden of the disease is comparable with psoriasis in impairment of the QoL of the patient and depression. Quality of life correlates with disease severity. AIM: To evaluate the management outcome of HD with a disease severity tool by the physician and quality of life index. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of a cohort of patients with HD over 24 weeks in the dermatology clinic of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Disease severity and quality of life were measured using the physician global assessment (PGA) and dermatology life quality index (DLQI), respectively. These were re-administered 6 weeks after treatment. Results were collated and analyzed. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy-seven (13.3%) of 1,329 patients had HD with F/M ratio of 1.2: 1; a mean age of 34.6 ± 7.4 years. Comparing PGA scores at baseline and 6 weeks, a statistically significant improvement was noted P < 0.001. The mean DLQI score at baseline was 10.38 and reduced to 3.02 post-treatment. The difference between the two means of the DLQI was ≥5 from baseline signifying improved quality of life. The domain of symptoms and feelings was the most affected at baseline and most improved afterward. CONCLUSION: HD has a significant impact on its sufferers and this correlates with disease severity. Appropriate management improves disease outcome and patients' quality of life.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis , Quality of Life , Humans , Adult , Tertiary Care Centers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Nigeria , Severity of Illness Index
2.
West Afr J Med ; 40(10): 1049-1059, 2023 10 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37906618

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a causative agent of COVID-19 is a leading cause of ill-health and deaths worldwide. Currently, COVID-19 has no known widely approved therapeutics. Thus, the need for effective treatment. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the safety and efficacy of two (2) therapeutic agents; chloroquine phosphate (CQ), 2- hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and a control (standard supportive therapy) among hospitalized adults with COVID-19. METHODS: The clinical trial was done in accordance to the World Health Organization master protocol for investigational therapeutics for COVID-19. Atotal of 40 participants with laboratory-confirmed positive COVID-19 were enrolled. Blood samples and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs were obtained on days 1,3,15 and 29 for safety and efficacy assessments. RESULTS: The baseline demographics showed that the median ages in years (range) were 45 (31-57) in CQ, 45 (36.5-60.5) in HCQ, 43 (39.5-67.0) and 44.5 (25.3-51.3) in the control (P<0.042).At randomization, seven (7) participants were asymptomatic, thirty-three (33) had mild symptoms, eight (8) had moderate symptoms while three (3) had severe symptoms. The average day of conversion to negative COVID-19 was 15.5 days for CQ, 16 days for HCQ and 18 days for the control(P=0.036). CONCLUSION: The safety assessment revealed no adverse effect of the drugs in COVID-19 patients after treatment. These findings proved that chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are effective for the treatment of COVID-19 among hospitalized adults. It also confirmed that they are safe.


CONTEXTE: Le coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère 2 (SARS-CoV-2),agentcausaldelaCOVID-19, est l'unedes principales causes demaladie et de décès dans le monde. À l'heure actuelle, il n'existe aucun traitement largement approuvé pour la COVID-19. Ainsi, ilya un besoin de traitement efficace. OBJECTIFS: Nous avons étudié l'innocuité et l'efficacité de deux (2) agents thérapeutiques, le phosphate de chloroquine (CQ) et l'hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), ainsi qu'un groupe témoin (traitement de soutien standard) chez des adultes hospitalisés atteints de la COVID-19.MÉTHODES: L'essai clinique a été mené conformément au protocole maître de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé pour les thérapeutiques à l'étude de la COVID-19. Au total, 40 participants atteints de la COVID-19, confirmée en laboratoire, ont été in scrits. Des échantillons de sang et des prélèvements oropharyngés (PO) ont été effectuésauxjours1,3,15et29pourévaluerl'innocuitéetl'efficacité. RÉSULTATS: Les données démographiques initiales ont révélé que l'âge médian en années (plage) était de 45 (31-57) pour le groupe CQ, de 45 (36,5-60,5) pour le groupe HCQ, de 43 (39,5-67,0) et de 44,5 (25,3-51,3) pour le groupe témoin (P<0,042). À la randomisation, sept (7) participants étaient asymptomatiques, trente-trois (33) présentaient des symptômes bénins, huit(8) avaient des symptômes modérés, tandis que trois(3) avaient des symptômes graves. Le jour moyende conversionentest COVID-19 négatif était de 15,5 jours pour le groupe CQ, de 16 jours pour le groupe HCQ et de 18 jours pourle groupe témoin (P=0,036). CONCLUSION: L'évaluation de la sécurité n'a révélé aucun effet indésirable des médicaments chez les patients atteints de la COVID-19 après le traitement. Ces conclusions ont prouvé que la chloroquine et l'hydroxychloroquine sont efficaces pour le traitement de la COVID-19 chez les adultes hospitalisés. Cela a également confirmé qu' ilssont sûrs. Mots-clés: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, essai clinique, innocuité, efficacité, thérapeutiques.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Hydroxychloroquine , Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Hydroxychloroquine/adverse effects , Nigeria/epidemiology , Chloroquine/adverse effects , SARS-CoV-2 , Treatment Outcome
3.
Niger J Clin Pract ; 26(4): 424-431, 2023 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37203106

ABSTRACT

Background: The predictors of mortality among patients presenting with severe to critical disease in Nigeria are presently unknown. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of mortality among patients with COVID-19 presenting for admission in a tertiary referral hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. Patients and Methods: The study was a retrospective study. Patients' sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, complications, treatment outcomes, and hospital duration were documented. Pearson's Chi-square, Fischer's Exact test, or Student's t-test were used to assess the relationship between the variables and mortality. To compare the survival experience across medical comorbidities, Kaplan Meir plots and life tables were used. Univariable and multivariable Cox-proportional hazard analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 734 patients were recruited. Participants' age ranged from five months to 92 years, with a mean ± SD of 47.4 ± 17.2 years, and a male preponderance (58.5% vs. 41.5%). The mortality rate was 9.07 per thousand person-days. About 73.9% (n = 51/69) of the deceased had one or more co-morbidities, compared to 41.6% (252/606) of those discharged. Patients who were older than 50 years, with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic renal illness, and cancer had a statistically significant relationship with mortality. Conclusion: These findings call for a more comprehensive approach to the control of non-communicable diseases, the allocation of sufficient resources for ICU care during outbreaks, an improvement in the quality of health care available to Nigerians, and further research into the relationship between obesity and COVID-19 in Nigerians.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Humans , Male , Infant , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Nigeria/epidemiology , Hospitalization , Hospital Mortality
4.
West Afr J Med ; 39(10): 1013-1020, 2022 Oct 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36260091

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hair loss studies have mostly been clinical with no trichoscopy features of the hair loss documented in Nigeria. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the community prevalence, types of hair loss, trichoschopy features and the risk factors for the observed hair loss types. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of traders (Fitz Patrick's skin types V-VI) at an urban market. The traders were clinically evaluated for hair loss. Sociodemographic, clinical and trichoscopy data were recorded using a study questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Statistics such as means, medians, frequencies, t-test and chi-square test were presented. Levels of significance of all tests was set at, P<0.05%. RESULTS: A total of 307 participants (32.6% male and 67.4% female) with a mean age of 42.7±12.8 years were studied. The prevalence of hair loss was 68.7% (51% in males and 77.3% in females) and the mean age of those with hair loss was 44.8±12.3 years. The pattern of hair loss was patterned, diffuse and localized in 94.3%, 3.8% and 1.9% respectively. The main types of hair loss were androgenetic alopecia (26.9%) and traction alopecia (71.7%). The prevalent hair practices were; braids and weave-on (extensions) in 78.2%, turban-like head gear in 76.9%, and chemical relaxers in 73.8%. Trichoscopy features characteristic of the observed hair loss types were documented. CONCLUSION: Hair loss is common in the community. The common hair care practices and increasing age could be contributors to hair loss.


CONTEXTE: Les études sur la perte de cheveux ont surtout été cliniques et aucune caractéristique trichoscopique de la perte de cheveux n'a été documentée au Nigeria. OBJECTIF: L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer la prévalence communautaire, les types de perte de cheveux, les caractéristiques de la trichoscopie et les facteurs de risque pour les types de perte de cheveux observés. MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive transversale de commerçants (types de peau V-VI de Fitz Patrick) sur un marché urbain. Les commerçants ont été évalués cliniquement pour la perte de cheveux. Les données sociodémographiques, cliniques et trichoscopiques ont été enregistrées à l'aide d'un questionnaire d'étude. Les données ont été analysées à l'aide de SPSS version 22.0. Des statistiques telles que les moyennes, les médianes, les fréquences, le test t et le test du chi-deux ont été présentées. Le niveau de signification de tous les tests a été fixé à P<0,05%. RÉSULTATS: Un total de 307 participants (32,6% d'hommes et 67,4% de femmes) avec un âge moyen de 42,7±12,8 ans ont été étudiés. La prévalence de la perte de cheveux était de 68,7 % (51 % chez les hommes et 77,3 % chez les femmes) et l'âge moyen des personnes présentant une perte de cheveux était de 44,8±12,3 ans. La perte de cheveux était structurée, diffuse et localisée dans 94,3 %, 3,8 % et 1,9 % des cas respectivement. Les principaux types de perte de cheveux étaient l'alopécie androgénétique (26,9 %) et l'alopécie de traction (71,7 %). Les pratiques capillaires prédominantes étaient les suivantes : tresses et tissage (extensions) dans 78,2 % des cas, coiffure en turban dans 76,9 % des cas et défrisage chimique dans 73,8 % des cas. Les traits trichoscopiques caractéristiques des types de perte de cheveux observés ont été documentés. CONCLUSION: La perte de cheveux est fréquente dans la communauté. Les pratiques courantes de soins capillaires et l'âge croissant pourraient contribuer à cette perte de cheveux. Mots clés: Trichoscopie, Perte de cheveux, Pratique des soins capillaires, Communauté, Africaine, Prévalence.


Subject(s)
Alopecia , Dermoscopy , Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence , Dermoscopy/adverse effects , Nigeria/epidemiology , Alopecia/epidemiology , Alopecia/etiology , Hair
5.
West Afr J Med ; 39(10): 1089-1094, 2022 Oct 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36260928

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hand dermatitis (HD) is an inflammatory disorder of the hand. Agricultural industries (farming) have been reported as one of the leading occupation predisposing workers to health risks. Practices such as dumping cassava peels in farm environment, removal of heaps of peels, soaking of cassava and clearing of ditches have been identified as potentially harmful. These processes, which are wet works, are often done with bare hands predisposing cassava processors to HD. AIMS: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, predisposing factors and characteristics of HD amongst cassava processors in some rural communities in Southwest Nigeria. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional prospective study involving females engaged in farming and processing of raw cassava into 'garri' meal using the traditional methods. Four hundred and twenty-six female cassava processors were included. The questionnaire used was an adaptation of the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002) which is used to document work related skin diseases of the hand and forehand, and exposures to environmental factor. RESULTS: The mean age was 38.7 years and age range 13 - 70 years. Fifty-seven (13.4%) participants presented with HD within 12 months. Itching was the most common symptoms reported by 44 (10.3%) participants followed by pain 26 (6.1%) and small bumps 23 (4.9%) . The palmar surface of the right hand was most affected. None of the participants who use gloves regularly reported any symptoms of HD. CONCLUSION: Cassava processors have been shown to be at potential risk of occupational HD; hence, health education and use of protective materials are important measures for prevention.


CONTEXTE: La dermatite des mains (DH) est un trouble inflammatoire de la main. Les industries agricoles (agriculture) ont été signalées comme l'une des principales professions prédisposant les travailleurs à des risques pour la santé. Des pratiques telles que le déversement des épluchures de manioc dans l'environnement agricole, l'enlèvement des tas d'épluchures, le trempage du manioc et le curage des fossés ont été identifiées comme potentiellement dangereuses. Ces processus, qui sont des travaux humides, sont souvent effectués à mains nues, ce qui prédispose les transformateurs de manioc aux HD. OBJECTIFS: Cette étude visait à déterminer la prévalence, les facteurs de prédisposition et les caractéristiques de la DH chez les transformateurs de manioc dans certaines communautés rurales du sud-ouest du Nigeria. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale prospective impliquant des femmes engagées dans l'agriculture et la transformation du manioc brut en farine 'garri' en utilisant les méthodes traditionnelles. Le questionnaire utilisé était une adaptation du Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002). RÉSULTATS: Quatre cent vingt-six femmes transformatrices de manioc ont été incluses. L'âge moyen était de 38,7 ans et la fourchette d'âge de 13 à 70 ans. Cinquante-sept (13,4 %) participantes ont présenté une DH dans les 12 mois. Les démangeaisons étaient les symptômes les plus courants rapportés par 44 participants, suivis par la douleur (26) et les petites bosses (23). La surface palmaire de la main droite était la plus touchée. Aucun des participants qui utilisent régulièrement des gants n'a signalé de symptômes de MH. CONCLUSION: Il a été démontré que les transformateurs de manioc sont exposés à un risque potentiel de MH professionnelle ; par conséquent, l'éducation sanitaire et l'utilisation de matériaux de protection sont des mesures importantes pour la prévention. Mots clés: Dermatite des mains, Manioc (garri), Agriculture, Profession, Transformateurs de manioc, Épluchures de manioc, Mains nues, Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ­2002).


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Occupational , Manihot , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Nigeria/epidemiology , Rural Population , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Dermatitis, Occupational/epidemiology , Dermatitis, Occupational/etiology , Dermatitis, Occupational/prevention & control
6.
West Afr J Med ; 39(8): 808-815, 2022 Aug 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36057972

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Marginal traction alopecia (MTA) is commonly observed in adult females. Studies of prevalence, severity, trichoscopy and severity scoring are few. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the community prevalence, pattern, severity score and trichoscopy features of MTA amongst adult Nigerian females. Patient and method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of a cohort of 207 adult females in a community in Lagos, Nigeria. The participants were clinically evaluated for MTA. Sociodemographic, clinical and trichoscopy data was documented. Severity score was documented using the MTA severity score. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 43±12.8 years and the prevalence of MTA was 76.3%. Marginal traction alopecia was frontoccipital in 65.2%. The MTA score was 1-3 in 22.2%, 4-6 in 29.7% and ≥6 in 48.1%. Fringe sign was observed in 30.4%, folliculitis in 9.5% and 13.9% had tight weaves. Trichoscopic features included preserved honeycomb pigment, preserved white dot architecture, varying hair length and single hairs from hair follicles. CONCLUSION: Marginal traction alopecia is common in Nigerian women. It is mostly severe, severity is not significantly associated with haircare practices and it is represented by common trichoscopy features. Appropriate awareness and education of females on hair styles can mitigate this hair loss.


CONTEXTE: L'alopécie de traction marginale (ATM) est couramment observée chez les femmes adultes. Les études de la prévalence, de la gravité, de la trichoscopie et de la notation de la gravité sont peu nombreuses. OBJECTIF: L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer la prévalence, le modèle, le score de gravité et le score de gravité de la communautaire, le modèle, le score de gravité et les caractéristiques trichoscopiques de l'ATM chez les femmes adultes nigérianes. PATIENTE ET MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive transversale d'une cohorte de 207 femmes adultes dans une communauté de Lagos, au Nigeria. Les participantes ont été évaluées cliniquement pour l'HTA. Les données socio-démographiques, cliniques et trichoscopiques ont été documentées. Le score de sévérité a été documenté en utilisant le score de gravité de l'ATM. Les données ont été analysées en utilisant. RÉSULTATS: L'âge moyen des participants était de 43±12,8 ans et la prévalence de l'ATM était de 76,3 % prévalence de l'AEM était de 76,3%. L'alopécie marginale de traction était frontoccipital dans 65,2 % des cas. Le score de l'ATM était de 1-3 dans 22,2%, 4-6 dans 29,7%. et ≥6 dans 48,1 %. Le signe de la frange a été observé dans 30,4%, la folliculite dans 9,5 % et 13,9 % présentaient des tissages serrés. Les caractéristiques trichoscopiques comprenaient pigment en nid d'abeille préservé, architecture de points blancs préservée, une longueur de cheveux variable et des poils isolés des follicules pileux. CONCLUSION: L'alopécie marginale de traction est fréquente chez les femmes nigérianes. Elle est le plus souvent sévère, sa sévérité n'est pas significativement associée aux pratiques de soins capillaires et elle est représentée par des caractéristiques trichoscopiques communes.Une sensibilisation et une éducation appropriées des femmes en matière de coiffure peuvent atténuer cette perte de cheveux. MOTS CLÉS: Alopécie marginale de traction, Pratiques de soins capillaires, Caractéristiques trichoscopiques, Évaluation de la gravité de l'alopécie de traction marginale.


Subject(s)
Alopecia Areata , Traction , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dermoscopy , Hair , Nigeria/epidemiology
7.
QJM ; 114(11): 780-788, 2022 Jan 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33599247

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: In vitro studies have shown the efficacy of Ivermectin (IV) to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 viral replication, but questions remained as to in-vivo applications. We set out to explore the efficacy and safety of Ivermectin in persons infected with COVID19. METHODS: We conducted a translational proof of concept randomized, double blind placebo controlled, dose response and parallel group study of IV efficacy in RT-polymerase chain reaction proven COVID 19 positive patients. Sixty-two patients were randomized to three treatment groups. (A) IV 6 mg regime, (B) IV 12 mg regime (given Q84 h for 2 weeks) (C, control) Lopinavir/Ritonavir. All groups plus standard of Care. RESULTS: The Days to COVID negativity (DTN) was significantly and dose dependently reduced by IV (P = 0.0066). The DTN for Control were, = 9.1+/-5.2, for A 6.0 +/- 2.9 and for B 4.6 +/-3.2. Two way repeated measures ANOVA of ranked COVID 19 +/- scores at 0, 84, 168 and252h showed a significant IV treatment effect (P = 0.035) and time effect (P < 0.0001). IV also tended to increase SPO2% compared to controls, P = 0.073, 95% CI-0.39 to 2.59 and increased platelet count compared to C (P = 0.037) 95%CI 5.55-162.55 × 103/ml. The platelet count increase was inversely correlated to DTN (r = -0.52, P = 0.005). No SAE was reported. CONCLUSIONS: 12mg IV regime given twice a week may have superior efficacy over 6mg IV given twice a week, and certainly over the non IV arm of the study. IV should be considered for use in clinical management of SARS-COV2, and may find applications in prophylaxis in high risk areas.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Ivermectin , Double-Blind Method , Humans , Nigeria , Oxygen Saturation , RNA, Viral , SARS-CoV-2 , Treatment Outcome
8.
West Afr J Med ; Vol. 38(10): 944-951, 2021 Oct 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34855332

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 have been documented from Europe, USA, and China but none from Africa to date. Skin findings among Africans differ from Caucasians and it is important to report these in Nigerians with COVID-19. METHODS: A prospective observational review involving patients seen at the Emergency triage, and Isolation wards of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Demographic and clinical data were captured; skin and appendages were examined by a dermatologist between 0800hrs and 1600hours to minimise visual errors of artificial light masking cutaneous lesions. RESULTS: Of 235 participants, 17 (7.23%) had recent onset skin rash, with 7 (41.2%) experienced itching and 11 confirmed with COVID-19. There was a male: female ratio of 97:43 (2.3:1) among COVID-19 patients. Cutaneous findings were seen in 12 (5.1%) participants, with the face and trunk mostly affected and acne plus papular eruptions predominating. There was no significant relationship between COVID-19 and recent onset skin rash (χ2, p = 0.87). Only 2 of the 17 participants had a previously existing dermatoses ((χ2, p = 0.84). There was no significant relation between use of medications and onset of rashes (χ2, p = 0.72) or between those with co-morbidities and onset of rashes (χ2, p = 0.51). CONCLUSION: Cutaneous manifestations were found among Nigerian patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most presented with pruritus and papular eruptions and no morphologic pattern was demonstrated. Physicians and dermatologists need to be aware and look out for skin changes in SARS-CoV-2 infection as they may be early pointers to COVID-19. Keywords: Cutaneous findings, manifestations, Skin, COVID-19, Nigeria.


CONTEXTE: Des manifestations cutanées du COVID-19 ont été documentées en Europe, aux Etats-Unis et en Chine, mais aucune en Afrique à ce jour. Les manifestations cutanées chez les Africains diffèrent de celles des Caucasiens et il est important de les signaler chez les Nigérians atteints de COVID-19. MÉTHODES: Une étude observationnelle prospective impliquant des patients vus au triage des urgences et dans les services d'isolement de l'hôpital universitaire de Lagos. Les données démographiques et cliniques ont été saisies ; la peau et les appendices ont été examinés par un dermatologue entre 8h00 et 16h00 pour minimiser les erreurs visuelles de la lumière artificielle masquant les lésions cutanées. RÉSULTATS: Sur 235 participants, 17 (7,23 %) ont présenté une éruption cutanée d'apparition récente, dont 7 (41,2 %) ont eu des démangeaisons et 11 ont été confirmées par le COVID-19. Il y avait un rapport hommes/femmes de 97:43 (2,3:1) parmi les patients atteints de COVID-19. Des signes cutanés ont été observés chez 12 (5,1 %) participants, le visage et le tronc étant les plus touchés, avec une prédominance de l'acné et des éruptions papuleuses. Il n'y avait pas de relation significative entre le COVID-19 et les éruptions cutanées d'apparition récente (χ2, p = 0,87). Seulement 2 des 17 participants avaient une dermatose déjà existante ((χ2, p = 0,84). Il n'y avait pas de relation significative entre la prise de médicaments et l'apparition d'éruptions cutanées (χ2, p = 0,72) ou entre les personnes présentant des comorbidités et l'apparition d'éruptions cutanées (χ2, p = 0,51). CONCLUSION: Des manifestations cutanées ont été constatées chez les patients nigérians atteints d'une infection par le SRAS-CoV-2. La plupart d'entre eux présentaient un prurit et des éruptions papuleuses et aucun modèle morphologique n'a été mis en évidence. Les médecins et les dermatologues doivent être attentifs et rechercher les modifications cutanées dans l'infection par le SRAS-CoV-2, car elles peuvent être des signes précurseurs du COVID-19. MOTS CLÉS: Résultats cutanés, manifestations, Peau, COVID-19, Nigéria.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Exanthema , Exanthema/epidemiology , Exanthema/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Nigeria/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Skin
9.
West Afr J Med ; Vol. 38(10): 979-984, 2021 10 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34856728

ABSTRACT

Background: Studies on androgenetic alopecia in Nigerian females are few. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of female androgenetic alopecia, its severity and trichoscopic features. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of androgenetic alopecia amongst 207 adult female traders at an urban market in Lagos, Nigeria. The study was conducted in February 2020. All recruited female traders were examined. Documentation of clinical findings, sociodemographic data and trichoscopy features was done using a predesigned questionnaire. Severity of female androgenetic alopecia was assessed using the Olsen's scale he IBM statistics software version 22. Results: The prevalence of female androgenetic alopecia (FAGA) was 4.8% (10/207) and median age of the participants was 59 (IQR 45,63) years. The severity of FAGA based on Olsen's scale was grade I, II and III in 30%, 20% and 50% respectively and severity increased with age. Trichoscopy features included prominent white dots (90%), reduced hair density (90%), vellus hairs (70%), preserved honeycomb pigment network (70%) and variable hair diameter (60%). Conclusion: Androgenetic alopecia is uncommon in females. When present, it is noted to be severe. Trichoscopy features among African females in Nigeria are comparable to trichoscopy features in studies from other parts of the world.


Contexte: Les études sur l'alopécie androgénétique chez les femmes nigérianes sont peu nombreuses. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer la prévalence de l'alopécie androgénétique féminine, sa gravité et ses caractéristiques trichoscopiques. Méthodes: Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive transversale de l'alopécie androgénétique parmi 207 femmes adultes commerçantes sur un marché urbain de Lagos, au Nigeria. L'étude a été menée en février 2020. Toutes les commerçantes recrutées ont été examinées. Les résultats cliniques, les données sociodémographiques et les caractéristiques de la trichoscopie ont été documentés à l'aide d'un questionnaire préétabli. La sévérité de l'alopécie androgénétique féminine a été évaluée à l'aide de l'échelle d'Olsen. Les données ont été analysées à l'aide du logiciel de statistiques IBM version 22. Résultats: La prévalence de l'alopécie androgénétique féminine (AAF) était de 4,8 % (10/207) et l'âge médian des participants était de 59 ans (IQR 45,63). Selon l'échelle d'Olsen, la gravité de l'alopécie androgénique féminine était de grade I, II et III dans 30 %, 20 % et 50 % des cas respectivement, et la gravité augmentait avec l'âge. Les caractéristiques de la trichoscopie comprenaient des points blancs proéminents (90 %), une densité capillaire réduite (90 %), des poils vellus (70 %), un réseau pigmentaire en nid d'abeille préservé (70 %) et un diamètre variable des poils (60 %). Conclusion: L'alopécie androgénétique est peu fréquente chez la femme. Lorsqu'elle est présente, on note qu'elle est sévère. Les caractéristiques de la trichoscopie chez les femmes africaines au Nigeria sont comparables aux caractéristiques de la trichoscopie dans les études d'autres parties du monde. Mots clés: Alopécie androgénétique féminine, Trichoscopie, Prévalence, Gravité, Gradation.


Subject(s)
Alopecia , Hair , Adult , Alopecia/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Nigeria/epidemiology
10.
Afr Health Sci ; 21(1): 172-179, 2021 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34394295

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The emergency department (ED), a major entry point into the hospital, provides an insight to the type of cases seen, the quality of care and mortality spectrum in a health institution. We aim to identify the spectrum of medical causes of mortality in our ED, the demographic pattern and duration of stay before death. METHOD: This is a retrospective study that looked at medical mortality in the ED from January 2004 to December 2009. We obtained data on the demographics and causes of death from the medical records and case notes of the deceased. RESULTS: A total of 16587 patients were admitted during the period under review, of these 1262 (7.61%) died in the ED. The male to female ratio was 1.58:1.0 [772 males (61.2%), and 489 females (38.8%)]. Mortality was highest among the 20-45 years age range, followed by 46-65 years, >65 years and < 20 years in decreasing frequency [589(46.7%), 421(33.4%), 186 (14.8%) and 66(5.2%) respectively]. The three most common causes of death were stroke 315(25%), HIV related illnesses 126(10.0%), and heart failure 123(9.7%). Most deaths occurred less than 24hours of admission, 550(43.6%), followed by one day (36.0%) and two days (10.8%) post admissions respectively. CONCLUSION: The commonest cause of death in the ED was stroke. The burden of death was highest in the younger age group, with most occurring less than 24 hours of admission.


Subject(s)
Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Mortality , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cause of Death , Female , Heart Failure/mortality , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nigeria/epidemiology , Patient Admission , Retrospective Studies , Stroke/mortality
11.
West Afr J Med ; 37(4): 428-431, 2020 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32835408

ABSTRACT

Mycosis fungoides is an extra-nodal indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma of T- cell origin that is characterized by skin involvement. The course of the disease is typically slowly progressive with non-specific clinical and histopathologic features which may evade diagnosis for years. Chemo-therapeutic agents to control the disease are effective if employed early, but the prognosis and therapy is dependent on the stage of the disease at presentation. We report a case of a 25-year old man with a clinical diagnosis of Tinea incognito and histologic features of non-specific dermatitis at first presentation. With poor hospital attendance and inconsistent therapy, his clinical features and histology reports over the next couple of years were consistent with psoriasis, then mycosis fungoides. He is currently stable on chemotherapeutic agents. With different histopathology results over a three- year span, it is possible that the patient had both diseases occurring separately. It is also possible that psoriasis was a harbinger of mycosis fungoides and the change in clinical presentation which necessitated repeated biopsies eventually revealed the picture.


Subject(s)
Mycosis Fungoides , Skin Neoplasms , Adult , Biopsy , Humans , Male , Prognosis
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