Impact of diseases of the hard tissues of teeth on oral health-related quality of life of schoolchildren in area with a high concentration of fluoride in drinking water.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of caries, Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH), and fluorosis on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of schoolchildren aged 8-10 years living in area with different fluoride levels in the drinking water. SUBJECT AND METHODS: The prevalence of caries and fluorosis were assessed among 663 Mexican schoolchildren using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) and the Thylstrup and Fejerskov Index (TFI), respectively. MIH was recorded using the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria and OHRQoL using the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10). Poisson regression models were used in data analysis. RESULTS: Schoolchildren presenting two of the three conditions (cavitated lesions and TFI≥4, cavitated lesions and MIH or TFI≥4 and MIH) experienced worse quality of life than children who did not [RR=4.18; (95% CI 3.83, 4.56)]. Children with all three conditions had worse quality of life than children who did not [RR=5.64; (95% CI 5.13, 6.20)]. CONCLUSIONS: Fluorosis, MIH, and caries have a negative impact on the OHRQoL of schoolchildren living in area with a high concentration of fluoride in their drinking water.

Marginalization and fluorosis its relationship with dental caries in rural children in Mexico: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: Examine the association between marginalization and fluorosis with caries experience in Mexican rural children aged 8-12, in Oaxaca, Mexico. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 283 rural schoolchildren selected from two locations with high and medium levels of marginalization where the water fluoride concentration ranged from 2.0 to 2.5 ppm/F. Caries was evaluated using the DMFT index and dental fluorosis with the Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (TFI). Socioeconomic data were collected from participants' parents, with data on the children's characteristics collected from them via a questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of caries was 72.4% (DMFT ≥1) in the permanent dentition. The prevalence of fluorosis was 98.0% (TFI ≥4=71.4%). 54.8% of the children brushed their teeth two or more times daily. In logistic regression children living in high levels of marginalization were more likely to present caries (OR=2.11, 95% CI 1.13 - 3.93) than children living in medium levels. Children with severe fluorosis (TFI ≥4) (OR=1.93, 95% CI 1.06 - 3.53) were more likely have caries than those with TFI ⟨3. CONCLUSION: Rural children with a high level of marginalization and fluorosis (TFI ≥4) were more likely to present caries. Poor oral hygiene and low dental service levels were found in both marginalized areas. Populations with medium/high marginalization are more susceptible to caries.

An inverse relationship between obesity and dental caries in Mexican schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between caries experience and obesity in Mexican schoolchildren aged 8-12 years. STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS: This study was conducted on 522 schoolchildren selected from public schools. The prevalence of caries was evaluated by applying the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index and ascertaining the subjects' dental caries experience from the mean DMFT value. Socio-economic data were collected from the parents, with data on the children's characteristics collected from them via a questionnaire. Their weight and height were then measured and used to calculate their body mass index (BMI)-for-age Z-score, which was then adjusted by age and sex. RESULTS: The prevalence of caries was 79.9% (DMFT≥1) in permanent dentition. Of all children, 47.5% of them brushed their teeth two or more times per day, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 20.1% and 17.6%, respectively. The logistic regression model showed that children with obesity (a >2 Z-score on the BMI-for-age growth chart) were less likely to have dental caries (odds ratio [OR] = 0.53 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.31-0.89]; P = 0.017) than children without obesity, with schoolchildren who consume more sweets per day (OR = 1.65 [95% CI: 1.03-2.62]; P = 0.035) more likely to present caries than schoolchildren who consume fewer sweets per day. CONCLUSION: Children with obesity are less likely to present dental caries. Comprehensive strategies aimed at risk factors can be useful in controlling nutritional status and improving oral health.

Factors affecting dental fluorosis in low socioeconomic status children in Mexico.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between dental fluorosis and maternal education in schoolchildren of medium and low socioeconomic status in a low income region of Mexico. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: Public schools in the south-central region of Oaxaca, Mexico where the mean fluoride water concentration was 1.01 mg/L (SD 0.21; range 0.71-1.40). Fluoridated salt (200mgF/kg) was available in the region. PARTICIPANTS: 794 schoolchildren. METHODS: To identify the socioeconomic status of the participants, the Bronfman index was used. Dental fluorosis was assessed applying the Thysltrup-Fejerskov Index, (TF). RESULTS: The children's mean age was 10.4 (SD1.2) years. The prevalence of dental fluorosis (TF⟩0) was high 95.7% and 45.2% of the children showed dental fluorosis of TF≥4. The percentage of children showing TF≥4 was 48.8% where their mothers' education was ⟨6 years of schooling compared to 36.7% among other children (p⟨0.001). The multinomial logistic regression model using as base outcome category TF≤2 showed that severe forms of fluorosis (TF≥4) were associated with the consumption of boiled water, (OR= 1.65, p=0.039) of fluoridated salt (OR= 2.61 p=0.001), high brushing frequency (OR=3.12, p=0.001) and lower maternal education (OR=1.71, p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of dental fluorosis was observed in the study region. An unequal burden of fluorosis in aesthetically objectionable categories was found in children exposed to several sources of fluoride and whose mother had lower educational level.

Dental fluorosis: concentration of fluoride in drinking water and consumption of bottled beverages in school children.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to identify dental fluorosis prevalence and to analyze its association with tap water fluoride concentration and beverage consumption in school children from the city of Oaxaca, who were receiving fluoridated salt. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was performed on elementary public school children. Dean's Index was applied to assess dental fluorosis. The parents of the children who were studied completed a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics and type of beverages consumed by their children. A total of 917 school children participated in this study. RESULTS: Dental fluorosis prevalence was 80.8%. The most frequent fluorosis category was very mild (41.0%), and 16.4% of the children were in the mild category. The mean water fluoride concentration was 0.43 ppm (±0.12). No association was detected between tap water fluoride concentration and fluorosis severity. The multinomial regression model showed an association among the mild fluorosis category and age (OR = 1.25, [95% CI 1.04, 1.50]) and better socio-economic status (OR = 1.78, [95% CI 1.21, 2.60]), controlling for fluoride concentration in water. Moderate and severe fluorosis were associated with soft drink consumption (OR = 2.26, [95% IC 1.01, 5.09]), controlling for age, socio-economic status, and water fluoride concentration. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of fluorosis was high. Mild fluorosis was associated with higher socio-economic status, while higher fluorosis severity was associated with soft drink consumption.

La inteligencia emocional como predictor del rendimeinto académico en estudiantes univesitarios / Emotional intelligence as predictor of academic achievement in university student

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal el análisi de la contribución específica de la inteligencia emocional a la predicción del rendimiento académico. Los participantes fueron 250 estudantes universitarios de estudios técnicos y humanísticos. Se emplearon dos pruebas de inteligencia emocional, el TMMS-24 y la prueba de Schutte et al. (1998), junto con el test de factor g de Cattell, y diferentes indicadores globnales de rendimiento académico. Los resultados mostraron la existnecia de correlaciones prácticamente nulas enre le cociente intelectual y los diferentes factores de la inteligenica emocional evaluados en este estudio. Además el análisis de regresión jerárquica ostró relaciones signficativas d elas medidas de inteligencia emocional conalgunos indicadores de rendimiento académico, incluso cuando se controló el efecto del CI. Estos resultados indican la contribución independiente de la inteligenci emocional a la predicción y /o explicación del rendimietno académcio en estudiantes universitarios(AU)

The present work hs as its main objective the analysis of the specific contribution of emotionl intelligence to the prediction of academic achievement. The participants were 250 universiy students of technical and humanistic studies. Two test of emotional intelligence were used, the TMMS-24, and the Scutte et al (1998) test, along with the g factor test of Cattell y Cattell, and different global academic results showed that practically null correlations were obseved between the intellectual quotient and the different factors of emotinal intellience evaluated in this stdy. In addiction, the hiearchic regression technique showed significant relations of emotional intelligence measures and some indictors of academic performance, even when the effect of the IQ was controlled. Thses results indicate the independent contribution of emotional intelligente to the explanation or prediciton of academic achievement, herarchic regression(AU)