ABSTRACT
Introducción Durante el período 20012005 se llevó a cabo el tercer estudio de resistencia a los fármacos antituberculosos de primera línea en Castilla y León, España, en casos nuevos de tuberculosis (TB).Métodos Se estudiaron 918 cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis procedentes de pacientes virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana negativos correspondientes a 6 hospitales que atienden al 46,7% del total de la población de la comunidad, y se utilizó el método de las proporciones en medio sólido. Resultados La proporción de resistencias (resistencia primaria) fue del 4,2% y la resistencia simple (monorresistencia) fue del 2,6%. El 1,2% fueron resistentes a estreptomicina; el 3,2% a isoniacida (I); el 0,3% a rifampicina (R); el 0,1% a etambutol, y el 0,5% a pirazinamida, y se observó una cepa (0,1%) multirresistente (resistencia a I y a R). No hubo diferencias significativas con los estudios previos. Conclusiones La incidencia de resistencia primaria y de multirresistencia en la Comunidad de Castilla y León es baja, asimismo, la resistencia a I es aceptable. Consecuentemente, la pauta de tratamiento de la TB puede incluir solamente a los 3 fármacos (R, I y etambutol). Es conveniente, de acuerdo con los programas de control de la TB, realizar estudios de resistencia a los fármacos antituberculosos para optimizar las pautas de tratamiento (AU)
Introduction During 20012005, a regional anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey was conducted in Castilla y León, Spain, in newly treated HIV negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. Methods A total of 918 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were studied (one strain per patient) from six hospitals corresponding to 46.7% of the total population of Castilla y León, using the proportion method on solid medium. Results Primary drug resistance was 4.2% (streptomycin 1.2%, isoniazid 3.2%, rifampin 0.3%, ethambutol 0.1% and pyrazinamide 0.5%). Mono-resistance was observed in 24 (2.6%) and resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin (multi-drug resistance) was detected in one case (0.1%). These results were not statistically significant compared to previous studies in the same Community. Conclusion The incidence of primary drug resistance in the surveyed area was low, including isoniazid, allowing new anti-tuberculosis treatment with the standardised three-drug regimen to be started. Regular surveillance of drug resistance is recommended by the TB control programme in representative patient populations to optimize treatment regimens (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/epidemiology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/pathogenicity , Drug Administration Schedule , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic useABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: During 2001-2005, a regional anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey was conducted in Castilla y León, Spain, in newly treated HIV negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. METHODS: A total of 918 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were studied (one strain per patient) from six hospitals corresponding to 46.7% of the total population of Castilla y León, using the proportion method on solid medium. RESULTS: Primary drug resistance was 4.2% (streptomycin 1.2%, isoniazid 3.2%, rifampin 0.3%, ethambutol 0.1% and pyrazinamide 0.5%). Mono-resistance was observed in 24 (2.6%) and resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin (multi-drug resistance) was detected in one case (0.1%). These results were not statistically significant compared to previous studies in the same Community. CONCLUSION: The incidence of primary drug resistance in the surveyed area was low, including isoniazid, allowing new anti-tuberculosis treatment with the standardised three-drug regimen to be started. Regular surveillance of drug resistance is recommended by the TB control programme in representative patient populations to optimize treatment regimens.