ABSTRACT
Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents a significant population warranting particular attention concerning vaccination coverage. To comprehend the vaccination status of CHD within Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, China, and to facilitate the formulation of preventive, control, and immunization strategies against vaccine-preventable diseases in children with congenital heart conditions. Using the China Yinzhou Electronic Health Record Study (CHERRY) database, we analyzed the vaccination coverage of children with CHD born between January 1, 2016 and September 20, 2021, and analyzed the influencing factors associated with the level of vaccination coverage. This study involved 762 children diagnosed with CHD at the age of 12 months, revealing that 86.74% of these children had received at least one dose of the National Immunization Program (NIP) vaccines. The coverage for non-NIP vaccines, such as the rotavirus vaccine, influenza vaccine, Influenza Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Conjugate Vaccine, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), and inactivated enterovirus type 71 vaccine (EV71), stood at 27.30%, 7.74%, 63.25%, 33.76%, and 34.51%, respectively. The completion coverage for the entire vaccination schedule were 27.30%, 5.51%, 55.77%, 34.25%, and 25.59%, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between vaccination coverage in classification of diagnostic medical institutions and the types of diagnosed diseases. Compared to their typically developing counterparts, 12-month-old children afflicted with CHD exhibit a slightly diminished vaccination coverage, alongside a discernible inclination toward delayed vaccination. Notably, the determination to undergo vaccinations seems predominantly influenced by the classification of diagnostic medical institutions. In practical terms, proactive measures involving early diagnosis, comprehensive health assessments, and timely interventions ought to be implemented to enhance vaccination rates while prioritizing safety.
Subject(s)
Big Data , Heart Defects, Congenital , Child , Humans , Infant , Vaccines, Conjugate , Vaccination , Immunization , China/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of influenza in Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2021, so as to provide insights into prevention and control of influenza. Methods Data of influenza in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The software ArcGIS 10.8 was employed for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and SaTScan 10.1 was employed for spatio-temporal scanning to analyze the temporal and spatial clustering characteristics of influenza incidence in Yinzhou District. @*Methods@#Data of influenza in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The software ArcGIS 10.8 was employed for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and SaTScan 10.1 was employed for spatio-temporal scanning to analyze the temporal and spatial clustering characteristics of influenza incidence in Yinzhou District.@*Results@#Totally 60 543 influenza cases were reported in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021, with an incidence of 0.76%. The incidence of influenza peaked in December 2019 (9.35%) and January 2020 (9.28%) during the period between 2017 and 2021. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a positive spatial correlation of influenza incidence in Yinzhou District from 2018 to 2021 (all P<0.05), and a high clustering in 2019 and 2021. Zhonghe Street showed a low-high clustering from 2017 to 2020; Jiangshan Town showed a low-high clustering in 2017 and 2020, and a high-high clustering in 2019 and 2021; Shounan Street showed a high-high clustering from 2018 to 2020; Yunlong Street showed a high-high clustering in 2021. Spatio-temporal scanning analysis showed that the class Ⅰ clusters were located in the central region which centered in Dongqianhu Town, with aggregation time in August 2017, in the northwest region with aggregation time in December and January from 2018 to 2020, and in the west region with aggregation time in August 2021.@* Conclusion @#The incidence of influenza in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021 showed a spatio-temporal clustering in the northwestern region in winter and summer.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The incidence, types, and influencing factors of injuries due to snow-ice disasters are essential for public health preparedness. This study was designed to assess such factors of injuries during the 22-day snowstorm in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, in 2008. METHODS: A multistage cluster probability sampling method was applied to select the study population in urban, rural, and mountainous areas. Data including sociodemographic characteristics, frequency, and types of injuries during the snowstorm between January 20 and February 10, 2008, were obtained by face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire and by checking the participants' medical records. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine the factors significantly associated with the risk of injuries. RESULTS: A total of 3169 residents of 1416 families took part in this survey. In 581 residents, 602 injuries were identified. Incidences of frostbite, falling injury, and traffic accident-related injury were 12.78%, 5.30%, and 0.50%, respectively. Injury occurred more frequently in women than in men (odds ratio [OR], 1.42; 95% CI, 1.19-1.70). Frostbite occurred more frequently in women than in men (adjusted OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.43-2.41) and more frequently in urban areas than in other areas (adjusted OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.24-2.20). Travel by bus or car, wearing a scarf, wearing gloves, wearing a raincoat, reducing outdoor activity, and performing regular physical exercise were independent protective factors of frostbite, with an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 0.35 (0.20-0.61), 0.45 (0.33-0.62), 0.35 (0.26-0.48), 0.45 (0.33-0.61), 0.36 (0.27-0.48), and 0.18 (0.13-0.24), respectively. Falling injury occurred more often in mountainous areas than in other areas (adjusted OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.27-2.42). Age 45 years or older, working outside more than 15 days, and wearing a raincoat were independent risk factors of falling injury, with an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 2.30 (1.60-3.32), 1.92 (1.36-2.72), and 2.21 (1.56-3.11), respectively. Falling and traffic accident-related injuries were mainly due to slippery roads. CONCLUSIONS: Frostbite and falling injury were the major injuries caused by an unprecedented snow-ice disaster. Keeping warm and maintaining regular physical exercise appeared to reduce frostbite risk. Public health intervention also reduced the risk of falling and traffic accident-related injuries.
