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The use of virtual worlds in health-related education is increasingly popular, but an overview of their use in physiotherapy education is still needed. The aim of this review was to analyse the use of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) compared to traditional methods for teaching physiotherapy. A systematic review was performed up to October 2022 in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycInfo. The quality appraisal and risk of bias were assessed by the Joana Briggs Institute checklist and the Cochrane Collaboration's RoB Tool 2.0, respectively. A total of seven randomised and non-randomised controlled studies were included, involving 737 students. VR/AR-based teaching approaches included simulation and virtual worlds, and were conducted through immersive head-mounted displays, AR-based applications, and 3D visualisations. Three studies were focused on teaching anatomy content, two on clinical decision making skills, and the rest were focused on pathology, physiotherapy tasks or exercise performance, and movement analysis of lower limbs. Inconclusive results were found in terms of learning satisfaction and academic performance, showing VR/AR-based teaching models to be equally effective as traditional methods for teaching physiotherapy. We encourage researchers and teachers to include games in their VR/AR-based teaching approaches to enhance interaction and active learning in physiotherapy education.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering (TE) constitutes a multidisciplinary field aiming to construct artificial tissues to regenerate end-stage organs. Its development has taken place since the last decade of the 20th century, entailing a clinical revolution. TE research groups have worked and shared relevant information in the mass media era. Thus, it would be interesting to study the online dimension of TE research and to compare it with traditional measures of scientific impact. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the online dimension of TE documents from 2012 to 2018 using metadata obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) and Altmetric and to develop a prediction equation for the impact of TE documents from altmetric scores. METHODS: We analyzed 10,112 TE documents through descriptive and statistical methods. First, the TE temporal evolution was exposed for WoS and 15 online platforms (news, blogs, policy, Twitter, patents, peer review, Weibo, Facebook, Wikipedia, Google, Reddit, F1000, Q&A, video, and Mendeley Readers). The 10 most cited TE original articles were ranked according to the normalized WoS citations and the normalized Altmetric Attention Score. Second, to better comprehend the TE online framework, correlation and factor analyses were performed based on the suitable results previously obtained for the Bartlett sphericity and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin tests. Finally, the linear regression model was applied to elucidate the relation between academics and online media and to construct a prediction equation for TE from altmetrics data. RESULTS: TE dynamic shows an upward trend in WoS citations, Twitter, Mendeley Readers, and Altmetric Scores. However, WoS and Altmetric rankings for the most cited documents clearly differ. When compared, the best correlation results were obtained for Mendeley Readers and WoS (ρ=0.71). In addition, the factor analysis identified 6 factors that could explain the previously observed differences between academic institutions and the online platforms evaluated. At this point, the mathematical model constructed is able to predict and explain more than 40% of TE WoS citations from Altmetric scores. CONCLUSIONS: Scientific information related to the construction of bioartificial tissues increasingly reaches society through different online media. Because the focus of TE research importantly differs when the academic institutions and online platforms are compared, basic and clinical research groups, academic institutions, and health politicians should make a coordinated effort toward the design and implementation of adequate strategies for information diffusion and population health education.
Subject(s)
Journal Impact Factor , Social Media , Bibliometrics , Humans , Mass Media , Tissue EngineeringABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: La artropatía hemofílica (AH) cursa con diferentes manifestaciones clínicas importantes, como son las hemorragias articulares, el dolor, la disminución de la amplitud del movimiento y las alteraciones funcionales que pueden causar secuelas en la funciona lidad y movilidad. El ejercicio físico adaptado a los pacientes con hemofilia puede ser una adecuada estrategia terapéutica, que repercuta positivamente sobre la calidad de vida de dichos sujetos. Objetivos: Evaluar la eficacia de la rehabilitación física en el tratamiento de la artropatía hemofílica. Materiales y métodos: Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática y metaánálisis de ensayos clí nicos (seleccionados según criterios de elegibilidad). Para ello, se han utilizado las siguientes bases de datos: PEDro, Pubmed, Scopus y Web of Science. Se empleó la escala «PEDro¼ para evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios. Resultados: Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, en la revisión final fueron incluidos siete artículos, los cuales aportaron resultados favorables sobre la fuerza y el diá metro muscular, el rango de movilidad, el estado articular y la calidad de vida. De ellos, dos estudios aportaron datos para metaanálisis, con resultados favorables sobre la variable dolor [Diferencia de medias estandarizada (DME) = -2,64; IC 95%: (-4,26; 1,03)]. Conclusiones: Se encontró evidencia sobre la eficacia de la rehabilitación física en el trata miento de la artropatía hemofílica. El ejercicio terapéutico (ET) es el principal tratamiento realizado; con este se obtuvieron mejoras significativas en distintas variables físicas.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Haemophilic arthropathy presents with different important clinical disorders, such as joint disease, pain, decreased range of motion, and functional alterations that can produce limitations in functionality and mobility. The physical exercise adapted to patients with haemophilia can be an adequate therapeutic strategy, having a positive impact on the quality of life of these subjects. Objectives: To identify the published clinical trials that evaluate the efficacy of physical rehabilitation in the treatment of haemophilic arthropathy. Materials and methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was con ducted (using pre-defined eligibility criteria). The literature search was performed in the databases: PEDro, Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The quality of the methods used in the studies was evaluated using the PEDro scale. Results: After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 studies were included in this review, providing favourable results on muscle strength and circumference, range of motion, joint disease, and quality of life. Moreover, 2 articles contributed information to the meta-analysis, showing favourable results on pain [Standardised mean difference (SMD) = -2.64; 95% CI: (-4.26; 1.03)]. Conclusions: This systematic review found evidence on the efficacy of physical rehabilitation in the treatment for haemophilic arthropathy. Therapeutic exercise is the main treatment carried out, obtaining significant improvements in the different physical outcomes.