ABSTRACT
We conducted a multicentre observational study in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy in Alicante (Spain) from 2019 to 2020 aiming to analyse the prevalence of abuse and assess treatment adherence according to this variable. We used the Abuse Assessment Screen tool, the simplified medication adherence questionnaire and the medication possession ratio to assess outcomes.. Of the 161 included PLHIV, 53 (32.9%) had suffered abuse (27 emotional abuse, 6 physical abuse, 3 sexual abuse, 13 emotional and physical abuse, 4 unknown type). Seven (4.3%) had suffered abuse in the last year (5 emotional, 2 physical). Abuse had lasted a median of 48 months (interquartile range 12-81). HIV status was considered as a cause of violence by 9.4% of victims. In the multivariable analysis, only abuse was independently associated with non-adherence [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.80-8.84; p = 0.0007]. Abuse (aOR 6.14; 95% CI 1.63-27.70; p = 0.001) and previous incarceration (aOR 15.08 95% CI 2.71-104.71; p = 0.003) were associated with detectable viral load. In conclusion, the prevalence of abuse is high in PLHIV, hampering adherence and virological success. Abuse screening tools should be incorporated into routine HIV care.
Subject(s)
Domestic Violence , Gender-Based Violence , HIV Infections , Intimate Partner Violence , Sex Offenses , Humans , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Sex Offenses/psychology , Medication Adherence , Prevalence , Intimate Partner Violence/psychology , Risk Factors , Sexual Partners/psychologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: After the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), there was a decrease in hospital admissions and mortality associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in mortality and morbidity during the HAART era. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We reviewed 1,343 hospital admissions from 610 HIV-infected patients between January 1995 and December 2000. We analyzed the morbidity and mortality figures at the pre-HAART last biennium (1995-1996) and those at the first and second HAART biennium (1997-1998, HAART-1, and 1999-2000, HAART-2). RESULTS: Hospital admissions due to AIDS-defining illnesses decreased throughout the HAART era, whereas admissions caused by non-AIDS-defining illnesses increased (p < 0.001) with a significant growth in the frequency of respiratory tract infections (p = 0.004), digestive tract diseases (p < 0.001) and liver diseases (p = 0.03). There was a declining trend in hospital mortality throughout the study period. AIDS-defining illnesses decreased from the pre-HAART biennium to the HAART-1 and -2 periods (p = 0.03), whereas liver diseases increased (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In the HAART era, hospital admissions and mortality due to AIDS-defining illnesses continue to decrease. Nevertheless, there is a steady increase in the number of admissions and deaths of patients with non-AIDS-defining illnesses.
Subject(s)
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Adult , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/mortality , Hospitalization , Humans , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
FUNDAMENTO Y OBJETIVO: A partir de la introducción del tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) se observó un descenso de los ingresos hospitalarios y de la mortalidad asociada con la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los cambios durante la era TARGA. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Se revisaron retrospectivamente 1.343 ingresos hospitalarios en 610 pacientes con infección por el VIH durante el período 1995-2000 y se analizaron las causas de admisión y mortalidad del bienio pre-TARGA (1995-1996) y de los bienios de uso generalizado del TARGA (TARGA-1: 1997-1998, y TARGA-2: 1999-2000). RESULTADOS: Las enfermedades definitorias de sida diagnosticadas en los ingresos hospitalarios descendieron progresivamente en la era TARGA y las no definitorias de sida aumentaron (p < 0,001), con un incremento de las infecciones respiratorias (p = 0,004) y de las enfermedades digestivas (p < 0,001) y hepáticas (p = 0,03). La mortalidad hospitalaria mostró una tendencia decreciente. En relación con el bienio pre-TARGA, en los bienios TARGA-1 y TARGA-2 las enfermedades definitorias de sida fueron el diagnóstico principal en un menor número de fallecimientos (p = 0,03), mientras que se observó un mayor número de muertes por enfermedades hepáticas (p = 0,03). CONCLUSIONES: Durante la era TARGA sigue produciéndose un descenso continuado de los ingresos hospitalarios y de la mortalidad por enfermedades definitorias de sida, pero se observa también un aumento progresivo de las hospitalizaciones y de los fallecimientos por enfermedades no definitorias de sida (AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , HIV Infections , Retrospective Studies , HospitalizationABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Status Epilepticus , HIV Infections , Antibodies, Antiphospholipid , Osteonecrosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Creutzfeldt-Jakob SyndromeSubject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/epidemiology , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/metabolism , Osteonecrosis/epidemiology , Osteoporosis/epidemiology , Osteoporosis/metabolism , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Adult , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Bone Density/physiology , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/pathology , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Osteonecrosis/metabolism , Osteonecrosis/pathology , Osteoporosis/pathology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
No disponible
