Reactive Soft Tissue Preservation in Maxillary Large Bone Defects.

PURPOSE: Granulation tissue containing reactive soft tissue with potential multipotent stem cells can help socket healing following extraction. The aim of this study was to assess bone healing of maxillary large bone defects while maintaining reactive soft tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32 patients presenting large bone defects were selected for this prospective study. Eight patients (Group A) presented with large bone defects but an intact buccal cortical plate, while 24 patients (Group B) presented with large bone defects lacking a buccal cortical plate. Teeth were extracted, and reactive soft tissue was left in the defects. Bone volume was assessed through cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) both before tooth extraction and at 4 months. A histomorphometric evaluation was performed. RESULTS: CBCT and cylinder bone cores were obtained for histology and histomorphometry analysis. At 4 months after tooth extraction, CBCT showed bone volume preservation and bone formation and no statistically significant difference in bone volume before and after tooth extraction in group A. However, in group B, over the same time period, a statistically significant increase (P < .01) of vertical bone volume was reported. Biopsy specimens showed the presence of vital bone in the defects 4 months later. CONCLUSION: Reactive soft tissue left in large bone defects after tooth extraction may support a significant bone volume gain and vital bone formation.

The Use of Invisalign® System in the Management of the Orthodontic Treatment before and after Class III Surgical Approach.

The approach to skeletal dysmorphisms in the maxillofacial area usually requires an orthodontic treatment by means of fixed appliances, both before and after the surgical phase. Since its introduction, Invisalign system has become a popular treatment choice for the clinicians because of the aesthetics and comfort of the removable clear aligners compared with the traditional appliances. Therefore, the aim of the present report was to illustrate the management of a malocclusion by means of Invisalign system associated with the traditional surgical technique. The present paper shows a case of a 23-year-old male patient characterized by a Class III malocclusion with lateral deviation of the mandible to the left side and cross-bite on teeth 2.2, 2.3, and 2.4. Invisalign system was used during the pre- and postsurgical phases rather than fixed appliances. The posttreatment cephalometric analysis emphasized the stability of the dental and skeletal symmetry corrections, occlusion and functional balance, over a 6-year follow-up. The results achieved at the end of the treatment showed how Invisalign can be effective in the management of the orthodontic phases in orthognathic surgery. The follow-up after 6 years emphasizes the stability of the treatment over time.

Body mass index as a prognostic factor for fracturing of the proximal extremity of the femur: a case-control study

Objectives: To compare the body mass index (BMI) of patients with fractures in the proximal extremity of the femur with the BMI of patients without any previous history of fractures. Methods: We investigated patients of both sexes, aged 65 years or over, who were admitted to Hospital Independência, Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa or ULBRA University Hospital, between December 2007 and December 2010, with histories of low-energy trauma such as falling from a standingposition. These individuals were compared with patients of the same age but without any history of fracturing of the proximal extremity of the femur (n = 89), who were attended at the geriatrics outpatient clinic of the Sociedade Porto-Alegrense de Auxílio aos Necessitados (SPAAN). Results: The age group of the patients with fractures in the proximal extremity of the femur ranged from 65 to 96 years (mean: 77.58). The main type of fracture was trochanteric (47; 62.2%), followed by femoral neck fractures (27; 36%). Among the patients who presented on fracturing the proximal extremity of the femur, 12% had low weight, 62.7% normal weight, 24% overweight, and 1.3% obesity. Among the patients without any history of fractures, 5.6% presented low weight, 43.8% normal weight, 33.7% overweight, and 9.8% obesity. It was observed that the patients with fractures in the proximal extremity of the femur (n = 75) presented a mean BMI of 22.6, while the patients without fractures presented a mean BMI of 25.5. Conclusion: The patients in the group with fractures were significantly taller than those in the group without fractures and presented significantly lower BMI than those in the group without fractures...

Objetivos: Comparar o índice de massa corporal (IMC) de pacientes com fratura da extremi-dade proximal do fêmur com o IMC de pacientes sem história prévia de fraturas. Métodos: Investigamos pacientes de ambos os sexos, com 65 anos ou mais, internados no Hospital Independência, no Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa e no Hospital Universitário Ulbra, de dezembro de 2007 a dezembro de 2010, com história de trauma de baixa energia, como, por exemplo, quedas da própria altura, em relação aos pacientes da mesma idade e sem história prévia de fraturas da extremidade proximal do fêmur (n = 89) atendidos no serviço ambulatorial de geriatria da Sociedade Porto-Alegrense de Auxílio aos Necessitados (Spaan). Resultados: A faixa etária dos pacientes com fratura da extremidade proximal do fêmur variou de 65 a 96 anos (média: 77,58). O principal tipo de fratura foi a trocantérica (47; 62,2%), seguida da do colo de fêmur (27; 36%). Entre os pacientes que apresentaram fratura da extremidade proximal do fêmur, 12% tinham baixo peso, 62,7%, peso normal, 24%, sobrepeso e 1,3%, obesidade. Entre os pacientes sem história de fratura, 5,6% apresentaram baixo peso, 43,8%, peso normal, 33,7%, sobrepeso e 9,8%, obesidade. Verificou-se que os pacientes com fraturas da extremidade proximal do fêmur (n = 75) apresentaram IMC médio de 22,6, enquanto os pacientes sem fraturas apresentaram IMC médio de 25,5. Conclusão: Os pacientes do grupo com fratura são significativamente mais altos do que os do grupo sem fratura e apresentam IMC significativamente inferior ao do grupo sem fratura...

Body mass index as a prognostic factor for fracturing of the proximal extremity of the femur: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the body mass index (BMI) of patients with fractures in the proximal extremity of the femur with the BMI of patients without any previous history of fractures. METHODS: We investigated patients of both sexes, aged 65 years or over, who were admitted to Hospital Independência, Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa or ULBRA University Hospital, between December 2007 and December 2010, with histories of low-energy trauma such as falling from a standing position. These individuals were compared with patients of the same age but without any history of fracturing of the proximal extremity of the femur (n = 89), who were attended at the geriatrics outpatient clinic of the Sociedade Porto-Alegrense de Auxílio aos Necessitados (SPAAN). RESULTS: The age group of the patients with fractures in the proximal extremity of the femur ranged from 65 to 96 years (mean: 77.58). The main type of fracture was trochanteric (47; 62.2%), followed by femoral neck fractures (27; 36%). Among the patients who presented on fracturing the proximal extremity of the femur, 12% had low weight, 62.7% normal weight, 24% overweight, and 1.3% obesity. Among the patients without any history of fractures, 5.6% presented low weight, 43.8% normal weight, 33.7% overweight, and 9.8% obesity. It was observed that the patients with fractures in the proximal extremity of the femur (n = 75) presented a mean BMI of 22.6, while the patients without fractures presented a mean BMI of 25.5. CONCLUSION: The patients in the group with fractures were significantly taller than those in the group without fractures and presented significantly lower BMI than those in the group without fractures.

OBJETIVOS: Comparar o índice de massa corporal (IMC) de pacientes com fratura da extremidade proximal do fêmur com o IMC de pacientes sem história prévia de fraturas. MÉTODOS: Investigamos pacientes de ambos os sexos, com 65 anos ou mais, internados no Hospital Independência, no Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa e no Hospital Universitário Ulbra, de dezembro de 2007 a dezembro de 2010, com história de trauma de baixa energia, como, por exemplo, quedas da própria altura, em relação aos pacientes da mesma idade e sem história prévia de fraturas da extremidade proximal do fêmur (n = 89) atendidos no serviço ambulatorial de geriatria da Sociedade Porto-Alegrense de Auxílio aos Necessitados (Spaan). RESULTADOS: A faixa etária dos pacientes com fratura da extremidade proximal do fêmur variou de 65 a 96 anos (média: 77,58). O principal tipo de fratura foi a trocantérica (47; 62,2%), seguida da do colo de fêmur (27; 36%). Entre os pacientes que apresentaram fratura da extremidade proximal do fêmur, 12% tinham baixo peso, 62,7%, peso normal, 24%, sobrepeso e 1,3%, obesidade. Entre os pacientes sem história de fratura, 5,6% apresentaram baixo peso, 43,8%, peso normal, 33,7%, sobrepeso e 9,8%, obesidade. Verificou-se que os pacientes com fraturas da extremidade proximal do fêmur (n = 75) apresentaram IMC médio de 22,6, enquanto os pacientes sem fraturas apresentaram IMC médio de 25,5. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes do grupo com fratura são significativamente mais altos do que os do grupo sem fratura e apresentam IMC significativamente inferior ao do grupo sem fratura.

Neuroendocrine Differentiation of Prostate Cancer Metastases Evidenced "in Vivo" by 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT: Two Cases.

Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed neoplasm in men. This neoplasm has usually excellent prognosis, mostly consequent to the early diagnosis and the effective hormonal therapy. However, significant percentages of patients treated with total androgen blockade therapy, escape to treatment and evolve toward a more aggressive type of cancer. This clinical entity, named castration-resistant prostate cancer, has few and less effective therapeutic opportunities. Therefore, any additional information concerning possible biological targets to therapy is welcome. Here we describe two cases in which 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT evidenced the somatostatin receptor overexpression by prostate metastases. The presence of these receptors may support with a more strong evidence the possibility to administer somatostatin analogs as an adjuvant therapy.

Surgical treatment of lip cancer: our experience with 106 cases.

PURPOSE: To report our experience with 106 cases of lip cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We treated 106 patients with stages T1, T2, or T3 lip cancer (76, 22, and 8 cases, respectively). For the 34 T1 lesions up to 1 cm in diameter, we used a V or W excision. In the 42 T1 lesions greater than 1 cm and the 20 T2 lesions, we used the staircase technique. In 2 T2 cases, the carcinoma was located on the labial commissure and was treated with the Fries technique. For the 8 T3 cases, we used the Bernard-Freeman-Fries technique. In 28 patients, a lip shave was performed and tumor was removed. The 7 patients who were N+ at diagnosis underwent modified radical neck dissection and radiotherapy. RESULTS: Ten patients died during the follow-up period of 11 to 65 months: 8 of unrelated causes and 2 of new upper aerodigestive tract carcinoma. None of the patients died of their lip cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Lip cancer is a frequent disease of the oral cavity. Although general agreement has been reached concerning stage T and N+ surgical treatment, unresolved questions remain with regard to N0 treatment. We present our experience and suggestions.